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Gillian D Sanders - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Oral Contraceptive use and risk of breast cervical colorectal and endometrial cancers a systematic review
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2013Co-Authors: Jennifer M Gierisch, Remy R Coeytaux, Rachel Peragallo Urrutia, Laura J Havrilesky, Patricia G Moorman, William J Lowery, Michaela A Dinan, Amanda J Mcbroom, Vic Hasselblad, Gillian D SandersAbstract:Oral Contraceptives may influence the risk of certain cancers. As part of the AHRQ Evidence Report, Oral Contraceptive Use for the Primary Prevention of Ovarian Cancer, we conducted a systematic review to estimate associations between Oral Contraceptive use and breast, cervical, colorectal, and endometrial cancer incidence. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Study inclusion criteria were women taking Oral Contraceptives for contraception or ovarian cancer prevention; includes comparison group with no Oral Contraceptive use; study reports quantitative associations between Oral Contraceptive exposure and relevant cancers; controlled study or pooled patient-level meta-analyses; sample size for nonrandomized studies ≥100; peer-reviewed, English-language; published from January 1, 2000 forward. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted by estimating pooled ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We included 44 breast, 12 cervical, 11 colorectal, and 9 endometrial cancers studies. Breast cancer incidence was slightly but significantly increased in users (OR, 1.08; CI, 1.00–1.17); results show a higher risk associated with more recent use of Oral Contraceptives. Risk of cervical cancer was increased with duration of Oral Contraceptive use in women with human papillomavirus infection; heterogeneity prevented meta-analysis. Colorectal cancer (OR, 0.86; CI, 0.79–0.95) and endometrial cancer incidences (OR, 0.57; CI, 0.43–0.77) were significantly reduced by Oral Contraceptive use. Compared with never use, ever use of Oral Contraceptives is significantly associated with decreases in colorectal and endometrial cancers and increases in breast cancers. Although elevated breast cancer risk was small, relatively high incidence of breast cancers means that Oral Contraceptives may contribute to a substantial number of cases. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(11); 1931–43. ©2013 AACR .
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risk of acute thromboembolic events with Oral Contraceptive use a systematic review and meta analysis
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2013Co-Authors: Rachel Peragallo Urrutia, Jennifer M Gierisch, Remy R Coeytaux, Laura J Havrilesky, Patricia G Moorman, William J Lowery, Michaela A Dinan, Amanda J Mcbroom, Vic Hasselblad, Gillian D SandersAbstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the risk of venous thromboembolism, stroke, or myocardial infarction (MI) associated with the use of Oral Contraceptive pills (OCPs) and to describe how these risks vary by dose or formulation.DATA SOURCES:We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,
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Oral Contraceptive pills as primary prevention for ovarian cancer a systematic review and meta analysis
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2013Co-Authors: Laura J Havrilesky, Jennifer M Gierisch, Remy R Coeytaux, Rachel Peragallo Urrutia, Patricia G Moorman, William J Lowery, Michaela A Dinan, Amanda J Mcbroom, Vic Hasselblad, Gillian D SandersAbstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the overall reduction in ovarian cancer risk associated with the use of Oral Contraceptive pills (OCPs) and whether reduction in risk is affected by specifics of OCP use, such as formulation or duration of use.DATA SOURCES:We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Sy
K Fleischer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of the Contraceptive patch the vaginal ring and an Oral Contraceptive on apc resistance and shbg a cross over study
Thrombosis Research, 2009Co-Authors: K Fleischer, H A A M Van Vliet, Frits R Rosendaal, Jan Rosing, Svetlana N Tchaikovski, Frans M HelmerhorstAbstract:Abstract Introduction: The transdermal patch (20 µg ethinylestradiol + 150 µg norelgestromin daily) and the vaginal ring (15 µg ethinylestradiol + 120 µg etonogestrel daily) are new Contraceptives, designed to deliver a low dose of hormones, suggesting a low exposure. However, few data are available about their risk of venous thrombosis. The objective was to investigate the effect of the patch, the ring, and an Oral Contraceptive (30 µg ethinylestradiol + 150 µg levonorgestrel daily) on activated protein C sensitivity ratio (APC-sr) and on sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in plasma. Materials and methods: After a two month wash-out, 13 volunteers were randomly assigned to either the patch followed by the Oral Contraceptive or vice versa, or the ring followed by the Oral Contraceptive or vice versa. All treatments lasted two cycles and were separated by a wash-out of two cycles. APC-sr and SHBG levels were determined on day 18–21 of the second cycle of the wash-out and of each treatment period. Results Compared to the Oral Contraceptive, both the patch and the ring led to higher APC resistance (mean difference APC-sr 1.1; 95% CI 0.67–1.52 and 0.55; 95% CI 0.11–1.00, respectively) and higher SHBG levels (mean difference 210 nmol/l; 95% CI 134–286 and 148 nmol/l; 95% CI 48–248, respectively). Conclusion The activity of the protein C system in plasma was impaired more by Contraceptive patch and vaginal ring than by an Oral Contraceptive containing the second generation progestagen levonorgestrel.
Carolyn Westhoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of depressed mood and psychological stress symptoms on perceived Oral Contraceptive side effects and discontinuation in young minority women
Contraception, 2012Co-Authors: Kelli Stidham Hall, Katharine Oconnell White, Vaughn I Rickert, Nancy Reame, Carolyn WesthoffAbstract:Background We examined the influence of depressed mood and psychological stress on Oral Contraceptive (OC) side effects and discontinuation.
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Oral Contraceptive discontinuation do side effects matter
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2007Co-Authors: Carolyn Westhoff, Stephen Heartwell, Sharon Edwards, Mimi Zieman, Gretchen S Stuart, Carrie Cwiak, Anne R Davis, Tina Robilotto, Linda F Cushman, Debra KalmussAbstract:Objective The purpose of this study was to assess self-reported side effects in women after they received the Oral Contraceptive (OC) and to compare discontinuation rates, according to presence or absence of side effects. Study Design The study comprised 1716 women aged Results Nearly 60% of subjects discontinued the OC by 6 months. Most subjects reported no changes in headaches, weight, moodiness, and sexual satisfaction during the first 3 months of OC use. Subjects with any complaints, especially women with increased headaches or moodiness, were more likely to discontinue the OC prematurely. Nonetheless, most discontinuation occurred for reasons that were unrelated to side effects. Conclusion Side effects are absent or mild among most OC users, but women with complaints are more likely to discontinue. Side effects are less important reasons for discontinuation than widely believed.
Marie-paule Dain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clinical evaluation of a new triphasic Oral Contraceptive: norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1992Co-Authors: Alain Gauthier, David Upmalis, Marie-paule DainAbstract:The safety and efficacy of the triphasic Oral Contraceptive agent containing norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol were evaluated in a 12-month study of 661 women. Excellent Contraceptive efficacy was achieved, with two pregnancies ascribed to product failure in a total of 6,511 treatment cycles. The life-table predicted pregnancy rate was 0.57 per 100 woman-years of use. The overall and theoretical Pearl indexes were 0.5.5 and 0.37, respectively. Good cycle control was maintained in patterns similar to those noted in previous studies. The incidence of dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome was sharply reduced. Side effects reported were typical of those associated with use of low-dose Oral Contraceptive agents. Acceptability was high compared with agents used previously by the subjects. Total cholesterol did not change but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly elevated at 3 and 12 months. There were no clinically significant changes in the parameters of hematology or blood chemistry tested.
Mario J. Soares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of Oral Contraceptive agents on the basal metabolic rate of young women.
British Journal of Nutrition, 1997Co-Authors: Bronwyn Diffey, Leonard S. Piers, Mario J. SoaresAbstract:The use of Oral Contraceptive agents by women may be a factor that contributes to the observed inter-individual variability in the BMR. We, therefore, measured the BMR, body build and composition in two groups of young women and also assessed their self-reported level of physical activity. One group had been using Oral Contraceptive agents for a period of 6 months or more (OCA, n 24), while the other group had never used Oral Contraceptives (NOCA, n 22). There were no significant differences in age, body build or composition. The absolute BMR in the two groups were not significantly different when compared using an unpaired t test (OCA: 5841 (SD 471) Y. NOCA: 5633 (SD 615)kJ/d). However, using an analysis of covariance, with either body weight or a combination of fat and fat free mass as covariates, the OCA group had a BMR almost 5 % higher than that of the NOCA group (OCA: 5871 Y. NOCA: 5601 kJ/d; P = 0.002). When those subjects with high self-reported levels of physical activity were excluded, the difference in BMR between the two groups persisted (P = 0401). An ANOVA of Oral Contraceptives use and phase of menstrual cycle showed sigmcant differences in BMR with use of Oral Contraceptives (P=O@O4) but no difference in BMR between phases of the menstrual cyde. In conclusion, the ose of Oral Contraceptive agents deserves consideration when conducting and analysing data from studies on energy metabolism in young women, as it results in a significantly higher BMR.
