The Experts below are selected from a list of 15534 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tess Guiney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
hug an orphan vacations love and emotion in Orphanage tourism
The Geographical Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Tess GuineyAbstract:Experiences involving vulnerable children are among the most popular volunteer tourism practices. Celebrity humanitarianism and aid campaigns promote images of vulnerable children receiving love and care from international celebrities and humanitarian actors (mainly women), normalising intimacy within popular humanitarianism, or ‘hug-an-orphan’ vacations – vacations where tourists crave direct contact with children in global South countries (Schimmelpfennig 2011, http://goodintents.org/Orphanages/hug-an-orphan-vacations-3). Through accounts given by Orphanage directors, volunteers, and commentaries on Orphanage tourism, this paper describes the layered emotional entanglements within Orphanage tourism. Volunteer tourism literature increasingly recognises the importance of affect in such experiences, principally concentrating on how it leads to its growing popularity. Indeed, many volunteer tourists are motivated from a distance to volunteer at Orphanages, being drawn to the possibility of engaging with children. However, their emotions within these encounters are far less examined, and the reality of the lifestyle these children live in is often far more upsetting than expected. Regarding the orphans themselves, the argument I make within this paper is that the commodification of children through Orphanage tourism experiences has resulted in an expectation that they will interact with tourists in particular forms. Children are expected to be ‘poor-but-happy’ and to engage intimately with volunteers and visitors to engender tourist satisfaction and encourage sympathy and donations. The performance of this behaviour is mediated and controlled by their emotional supervisors, Orphanage directors. Through volunteer tourism, children are now a tourist commodity, utilising their love and emotions and creating space for exploitation.
-
“Hug‐an‐orphan vacations”: “Love” and emotion in Orphanage tourism
The Geographical Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Tess GuineyAbstract:Experiences involving vulnerable children are among the most popular volunteer tourism practices. Celebrity humanitarianism and aid campaigns promote images of vulnerable children receiving love and care from international celebrities and humanitarian actors (mainly women), normalising intimacy within popular humanitarianism, or ‘hug-an-orphan’ vacations – vacations where tourists crave direct contact with children in global South countries (Schimmelpfennig 2011, http://goodintents.org/Orphanages/hug-an-orphan-vacations-3). Through accounts given by Orphanage directors, volunteers, and commentaries on Orphanage tourism, this paper describes the layered emotional entanglements within Orphanage tourism. Volunteer tourism literature increasingly recognises the importance of affect in such experiences, principally concentrating on how it leads to its growing popularity. Indeed, many volunteer tourists are motivated from a distance to volunteer at Orphanages, being drawn to the possibility of engaging with children. However, their emotions within these encounters are far less examined, and the reality of the lifestyle these children live in is often far more upsetting than expected. Regarding the orphans themselves, the argument I make within this paper is that the commodification of children through Orphanage tourism experiences has resulted in an expectation that they will interact with tourists in particular forms. Children are expected to be ‘poor-but-happy’ and to engage intimately with volunteers and visitors to engender tourist satisfaction and encourage sympathy and donations. The performance of this behaviour is mediated and controlled by their emotional supervisors, Orphanage directors. Through volunteer tourism, children are now a tourist commodity, utilising their love and emotions and creating space for exploitation.
Elizabeth Mwaniki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nutrition status and associated morbidity risk factors among Orphanage and non Orphanage children in selected public primary schools within dagoretti nairobi kenya
East African Medical Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Elizabeth Mwaniki, A N Makokha, J N MuttungaAbstract:Background : Most of the nutritional surveys that have been carried out in Kenya have concentrated on children aged five years and below who are under the care of their parent(s). The HIV/AIDS, conflict, natural disasters, endemic diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis and rising poverty has claimed the health and lives of millions of productive adults, leaving their children orphaned and vulnerable. This has led to mushrooming of Orphanages to take care of these orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya. Objective : Compare the nutrition status and associated risk factors of primary school children living in Orphanages and those not living in Orphanages in selected public primary schools in Dagoretti Division, Nairobi. Design : Descriptive cross sectional survey. Setting : Four public primary schools in Dagoretti Division. Data were collected from school registers and directly questioning the students, parents /guardians or caretakers. Subjects : Four hundred and sixteen, four to eleven year olds randomly selected Orphanage and non-Orphanage children who attended the same primary school. Results : The Orphanage children had a significantly higher rate of stunting and underweight (p< 0.05) than the non-Orphanage children. The Orphanage children had also a significantly higher rate of morbidity (p<0.05) than the non-Orphanage children. The Orphanage children were more than three times more likely to take inadequate calories compared to the non-Orphanage children. Conclusions : The main factors associated with the higher rate of malnutrition among Orphanage children were high morbidity rate, inadequate amounts and diversity of foods served, low rates of vaccination and basic hygiene.
-
NUTRITION STATUS AND ASSOCIATED MORBIDITY RISK FACTORS AMONG Orphanage AND NON-Orphanage CHILDREN IN SELECTED PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS WITHIN DAGORETTI, NAIROBI, KENYA.
East African medical journal, 2014Co-Authors: Elizabeth MwanikiAbstract:Background : Most of the nutritional surveys that have been carried out in Kenya have concentrated on children aged five years and below who are under the care of their parent(s). The HIV/AIDS, conflict, natural disasters, endemic diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis and rising poverty has claimed the health and lives of millions of productive adults, leaving their children orphaned and vulnerable. This has led to mushrooming of Orphanages to take care of these orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya. Objective : Compare the nutrition status and associated risk factors of primary school children living in Orphanages and those not living in Orphanages in selected public primary schools in Dagoretti Division, Nairobi. Design : Descriptive cross sectional survey. Setting : Four public primary schools in Dagoretti Division. Data were collected from school registers and directly questioning the students, parents /guardians or caretakers. Subjects : Four hundred and sixteen, four to eleven year olds randomly selected Orphanage and non-Orphanage children who attended the same primary school. Results : The Orphanage children had a significantly higher rate of stunting and underweight (p< 0.05) than the non-Orphanage children. The Orphanage children had also a significantly higher rate of morbidity (p
Abdulaziz Addus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Intellectual, social and nutritional status of children in an Ethiopian Orphanage.
Social science & medicine (1982), 1991Co-Authors: Frances E. Aboud, Mesfin Samuel, Alem Hadera, Abdulaziz AddusAbstract:Children at the Jimma community Orphanage between the ages of 5 and 14 years were given a battery of tests to assess their intellectual, social, and nutritional well-being relative to a group of family-reared controls. On two tests of intellectual ability, the Ravens Progressive Matrices and the Conservation test, the Orphanage children performed as well as the family children. Children who entered the Orphanage at an early age scored higher than those who entered later. On social-emotional measures of self-esteem, the Orphanage children scored higher than or similar to the controls. However, in terms of their relationships with adults, the Orphanage children reported fewer interactions and weaker attachments to adults. This was largely determined by the higher child: adult ratio in the Orphanage than in family homes. Also, the Orphanage children were more likely to be stunted but not more likely to be wasted than the family children. The former was attributed to the malnutrition experienced by children before they entered the Orphanage, which in many cases was during the 1984 famine. Stunting was associated with lower Ravens scores. The generally favourable status of the Orphanage children can largely be attributed to the noninstitutional Orphanage rather than to their preOrphanage family life. This raises disturbing questions about family life under conditions of economic stress.
John Simmonds - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the british chinese adoption study Orphanage care adoption and mid life outcomes
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013Co-Authors: Alan Rushton, Margaret Grant, Julia Feast, John SimmondsAbstract:Background While studies of ex-Orphanage care show adverse effects on development, the longer-term impact on mid-life psychosocial functioning and physical health has not been established. Methods Orphanage records provided baseline data on a sample of 100 Hong Kong Chinese girls who were subsequently adopted into the UK. A mid-life follow-up using standardised questionnaires and face-to-face interviews assessed current circumstances, life satisfaction and mental and physical health outcomes. Comparisons were made with age-matched UK-born adopted and nonadopted women. Results Half the group spent between 1 and 2 years in Orphanages, average age at adoptive placement was 23 months and 72% participated in the follow-up. Despite this poor early start, mid-life outcomes were commensurate with the comparison groups in terms of mental and physical health measures. Serious psychiatric and social difficulties were largely absent. Although the timing and extent of exposure to Orphanage care did not influence outcome, participants' reports of poorer quality adoptive family experience and a negative view of their adoption were significantly associated with poorer mental health outcomes (difference in means = 0.76, 95% CI 1.33–0.19, p = .01; difference in means = 1.2, 95% CI 0.68–1.73, p = .01, respectively). Conclusions Moderately depriving Orphanage care did not predict enduring adverse consequences in mid-life but subsequent poor adoption experience was associated with outcome.
Maggie Schauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
childhood adversity mental ill health and aggressive behavior in an african Orphanage changes in response to trauma focused therapy and the implementation of a new instructional system
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2011Co-Authors: Katharin Hermenau, Tobias Hecker, Martina Ruf, Elisabeth Schauer, Thomas Elbert, Maggie SchauerAbstract:Background: The number of orphans in Sub-Saharan Africa is constantly rising. While it is known that family or community care is preferable over institutional care of African orphans, little is known about the quality of care in Orphanages and possibilities of improvement. Study 1 Methods: Exposure to traumatic stress, experiences of violence in the home, school and Orphanage, as well as mental ill-health and aggression of 38 children (mean age of M = 8.64 years) living in an Orphanage in rural Tanzania were assessed at two time points. The severity of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), depressive symptoms, and internalizing and externalizing problems were used as indicators of mental ill-health. Results: Violence experienced in the Orphanage correlated more strongly with all indicators of mental ill-health than violence in the former home, school or neighborhood at time point 1. Additionally, violence experienced in the Orphanage had a positive relationship with the aggressive behavior of the children at time point 2. Study 2 Methods: With the help of the pre-post assessment of Study 1, the implementation of a new instructional system and psychotherapeutic treatment (KIDNET) for trauma-related illness were evaluated. Results: In response to both, a change in the instructional system and psychotherapeutic treatment of PTSD, a massive decline in experienced violence and in the severity of PTSD-symptoms was found, whereas depressive symptoms and internalizing and externalizing problems exhibited little change. Conclusions: These studies show that violence, especially in the Orphanage, can severely contribute to mental illhealth in orphans and that mental health can be improved by implementing a new instructional system and psychotherapeutic treatment in an Orphanage. Moreover, the results indicate that the experience of violence in an Orphanage also plays a crucial role in aggressive behavior of the orphans.