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Yongil Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fluorinated bioactive glass nanoparticles enamel demineralization prevention and antibacterial effect of Orthodontic Bonding resin
Materials, 2019Co-Authors: H S Nam, Youmin Kim, Seogyoung Yoon, Yong Hoon Kwon, Inryoung Kim, Bongsoo Park, Woosung Son, Seung Min Lee, Kyunghyeon Yoo, Yongil KimAbstract:Orthodontic treatment involving the Bonding of fixed appliances to tooth surfaces can cause white spot lesions (WSLs). WSLs increase the likelihood of cavity formation and hence require preservation and prosthetic restoration. Therefore, the prevention of WSLs is of greater importance than treatment. Application of fluoride or the use of fluoride-containing mouthwash can prevent WSLs, but this requires patient cooperation and additional time and cost. Bioactive glass containing 2.5% fluoride was synthesized and mixed with the Orthodontic Bonding adhesive Transbond XT Low Flow (LV) at ratios of 1, 3, and 5% to prepare Orthodontic adhesive samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the samples. The Vickers hardness test, bracket retention test, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of the samples were analysed to determine their mechanical properties. To determine the biological cytotoxicity, the cell activity of the samples was evaluated using cell viability tests and the antibacterial activity was analysed using Streptococcus mutans. To evaluate the anti-demineralization effect, the sample was bonded to extracted teeth and a pH cycle test was performed. Micro computed tomography data were obtained from the bonded teeth and sample, and the anti-demineralization effect was evaluated using the ImageJ software program. The Vickers hardness of the sample was higher than that of LV and was dependent on the concentration of fluoride-containing bioactive glass (FBAG). The bracket retention test and ARI of the sample showed no significant differences from those of LV. The cell viability test showed no significant changes at 24 and 48 h after application of the sample. The fluoride ion release test indicated an ion release rate of 9.5–17.4 μg/cm2. The antibacterial activity of the experimental group containing FBAG was significantly higher than that of the LV group. The anti-demineralization test showed a concentration-dependent increase. However, the resin containing 5 mass% FBAG (FBAG5) showed a statistically-significant increase compared with LV. The Orthodontic adhesive containing FBAG showed antibacterial and anti-demineralization effects, thus indicating possible WSL prevention activity.
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enamel surface remineralization effect by fluorinated graphite and bioactive glass containing Orthodontic Bonding resin
Materials, 2019Co-Authors: H S Nam, Youmin Kim, Yong Hoon Kwon, Inryoung Kim, Bongsoo Park, Woosung Son, Seung Min Lee, Yongil KimAbstract:All Orthodontic appliances are potentially cariogenic. The plaque around the Orthodontic appliance can make demineralization on tooth surface causing white spot lesion (WSL). The most effective method to prevent WSL is Fluoride appliance and gargling, but this requires patient cooperation, which consumes additional treatment time and cost. As suggested in this study, biomaterials like bioactive glass and fluorinated graphite (FGt) having antibacterial and anti-demineralization ability effective and easy to use in the clinic. To clinically use Orthodontic Bonding resins containing Graphite Fluoride BAG (FGtBAG), its properties, biological stability, antimicrobial activity, and remineralization effect must be verified. BAG was mixed with 2.5% FGt containing 51 to 61% fluorine. This mixture was mixed with the CharmFill Flow (CF) in the ratios of 1, 3, and 5 wt%. Microhardness and shear bond strength tests were performed to evaluate its mechanical properties. MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetra) assay was performed for evaluating its safety. Streptococcus mutans, which is major cariogen by producing lactic acid, was evaluated for antibacterial ability of reducing WSL. In addition, x-ray images were obtained by CBCT (Cone beam computed tomography) after a pH cycle. The remineralization effect was verified in vivo and by Image J. FGtBAG did not differ significantly from CF in mechanical tests. The MTT assay found no significant differences between the groups. The antibacterial activity of FGtBAG at 24 h and 48 h was significantly higher than that of CF. The fluoride release rate tended to increase with the FGtBAG content. The pH cycle results showed that FGtBAG had higher concentration-dependent remineralization effect than CF. The results of this study suggests that Orthodontic resins containing FGtBAG can prevent WSL owing to their antibacterial activity and remineralization effect.
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antibacterial and remineralization effects of Orthodontic Bonding agents containing bioactive glass
Korean Journal of Orthodontics, 2018Co-Authors: Youmin Kim, Donghyun Kim, Chang Weon Song, Seogyoung Yoon, Seyeon Kim, Jin Chung, Yongil Kim, Yong Hoon KwonAbstract:Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and biological properties of Orthodontic Bonding agents containing silver- or zinc-doped bioactive glass (BAG) and determine the antibacterial and remineralization effects of these agents. Methods BAG was synthesized using the alkali-mediated solgel method. Orthodontic Bonding agents containing BAG were prepared by mixing BAG with flowable resin. Transbond™ XT (TXT) and Charmfil™ Flow (CF) were used as controls. Ion release, cytotoxicity, antibacterial properties, the shear bond strength, and the adhesive remnant index were evaluated. To assess the remineralization properties of BAG, micro-computed tomography was performed after pH cycling. Results The BAG-containing Bonding agents showed no noticeable cytotoxicity and suppressed bacterial growth. When these Bonding agents were used, demineralization after pH cycling began approximately 200 to 300 µm away from the bracket. On the other hand, when CF and TXT were used, all surfaces that were not covered by the adhesive were demineralized after pH cycling. Conclusions Our findings suggest that Orthodontic Bonding agents containing silver- or zinc-doped BAG have stronger antibacterial and remineralization effects compared with conventional Orthodontic adhesives; thus, they are suitable for use in Orthodontic practice.
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remineralization property of an Orthodontic primer containing a bioactive glass with silver and zinc
Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Seung Min Lee, Inryoung Kim, Bongsoo Park, Woosung Son, Dong Joon Lee, Yongil KimAbstract:White spot lesions (WSLs) are irreversible damages in Orthodontic treatment due to excessive etching or demineralization by microorganisms. In this study, we conducted a mechanical and cell viability test to examine the antibacterial properties of 0.2% and 1% bioactive glass (BAG) and silver-doped and zinc-doped BAGs in a primer and evaluated their clinical applicability to prevent WSLs. The microhardness statistically significantly increased in the adhesive-containing BAG, while the other samples showed no statistically significant difference compared with the control group. The shear bond strength of all samples increased compared with that of the control group. The cell viability of the control and sample groups was similar within 24 h, but decreased slightly over 48 h. All samples showed antibacterial properties. Regarding remineralization property, the group containing 0.2% of the samples showed remineralization properties compared with the control group, but was not statistically significant; further, the group containing 1% of the samples showed a significant difference compared with the control group. Among them, the Orthodontic Bonding primer containing 1% silver-doped BAG showed the highest remineralization property. The new Orthodontic Bonding primer used in this study showed an antimicrobial effect, chemical remineralization effect, and WSL prevention as well as clinically applicable properties, both physically and biologically.
Sugjoon Ahn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Orthodontic Bonding procedures significantly influence biofilm composition
Progress in Orthodontics, 2020Co-Authors: Dami Jeon, Bumsoon Lim, Sugjoon AhnAbstract:Because changes in surface properties affect bacterial adhesion, Orthodontic Bonding procedures may significantly influence biofilm formation and composition around Orthodontic appliances. However, most studies used a mono-species biofilm model under static conditions, which does not simulate the intraoral environment and complex interactions of oral microflora because the oral cavity is a diverse and changeable environment. In this study, a multi-species biofilm model was used under dynamic culture conditions to assess the effects of the Orthodontic Bonding procedure on biofilm formation and compositional changes in two main oral pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Four specimens were prepared with bovine incisors and Bonding adhesive: untreated enamel surface (BI), enamel surface etched with 37% phosphoric acid (ET), primed enamel surface after etching (PR), and adhesive surface (AD). Surface roughness (SR), surface wettability (SW), and surface texture were evaluated. A multi-species biofilm was developed on each surface and adhesion amounts of Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria were analyzed at day 1 and day 4 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After determining the differences in biofilm formation, SR, and SW between the four surfaces, relationships between bacteria levels and surface properties were analyzed. The order of SR was AD < PR < BI < ET, as BI and ET showed more irregular surface texture than PR and AD. For SW, ET had the greatest value followed by PR, BI, and AD. S. mutans and P. gingivalis showed greater adhesion to BI and ET with rougher and more wettable surfaces than to AD with smoother and less wettable surfaces. The adhesion of total bacteria and S. mutans significantly increased over time, but the amount of P. gingivalis decreased. The adhesion amounts of all bacteria were positively correlated with SR and SW, irrespective of incubation time. Within the limitations of this study, changes in SR and SW associated with Orthodontic Bonding had significant effects on biofilm formation and composition of S. mutans and P. gingivalis.
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the effects of Orthodontic Bonding steps on biofilm formation of streptococcus mutans in the presence of saliva
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2012Co-Authors: Sugjoon Ahn, Eunjung Cho, Bumsoon LimAbstract:Abstract Objective. To investigate the effects of various Orthodontic Bonding steps on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans in the presence of saliva. Materials and methods: Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Orthodontic adhesive (AD) disks were prepared to a uniform size. HA disks were etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel in the etched group (HE). In the primed group (HP), Transbond XT primer was applied to the etched HA surface and light-cured. For biofilm formation, Streptococcus mutans was grown on each specimen in a biofilm medium with either glucose or sucrose in the presence of fluid-phase UWS (F-UWS) or surface adsorbed saliva (S-UWS). The adherent bacteria were quantified by enumeration of the total viable counts of bacteria. Biofilms formed on each surface were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results. When glucose was used, both F-UWS and S-UWS suppressed biofilm formation of S. mutans. Compared to HA and HE, biofilm formation was significantly inhibited on HP and AD in the presence of glucos...
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effect of Orthodontic Bonding steps on the initial adhesion of mutans streptococci in the presence of saliva
Angle Orthodontist, 2011Co-Authors: Ilhyung Yang, Bumsoon Lim, Jaryeong Park, Jungyub Hyun, Sugjoon AhnAbstract:Objective: To test the hypothesis that Orthodontic Bonding has no effect on the initial adhesion of mutans streptococci (MS) in the presence of saliva. Materials and Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Orthodontic adhesive (AD) disks were prepared to a uniform size. HA disks were etched with 37% phosphoric acid (HE, etched group). Some of the HE disks were coated with Transbond XT primer and light cured (HP, primed group). Transbond Plus SEP was applied to a third set of HA disks, dried, and light cured (SEP, self-etching primer group). Adhesion assays were performed using two MS strains in the presence of fluid-phase or surface-adsorbed unstimulated whole saliva (UWS). The MS adhesion patterns were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results: MS adhesion was influenced by the Bonding steps and the presence of UWS. UWS treatment decreased MS adhesion. However, surface-adsorbed UWS resulted in slightly less inhibition of MS adhesion than fluid-phase UWS. MS adhesion was significantly greater for HE than for the other groups. There were interaction effects between the UWS treatment and surface groups. MS adhesion to HP and AD was significantly diminished in the presence of surfaceadsorbed or fluid-phase UWS compared with adhesion to HA, HE, or SEP. Conclusion: The hypothesis is rejected. Our results suggest that MS adhesion is significantly influenced by the Bonding procedure used, and the application of conventional primers for the bracket Bonding can inhibit MS adhesion to tooth surfaces in the presence of UWS. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:326–333.)
M Sherriff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an in vitro investigation into the use of a single component self etching primer adhesive system for Orthodontic Bonding a pilot study
Journal of Orthodontics, 2006Co-Authors: Kate House, Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:Objective: This pilot study assessed force to debond (N); time, and site of bond failure of a single component self-etching primer (SEP) and adhesive system, Ideal 1 (GAC International Inc., USA) and compared it with the conventional acid etch and rinse regimen using 37% o-phosphoric acid solution and either TransbondTM XT (3M Unitek) or Ideal 1 adhesive. Design: In vitro laboratory study Setting: Bristol Dental Hospital, UK. Sept 2003-Sept 2004 Material and Methods: Nine groups of 20 premolars were bonded using metal Orthodontic brackets using three protocols: (1) 37% o-phosphoric acid etch and TransbondTM XT adhesive; (2) 37% o-phosphoric acid and Ideal 1 adhesive; (3) Ideal 1 SEP and Ideal 1 adhesive. Force to debond and locus of bond failure were determined at three time intervals. Results: Enamel pre-treatment prior to Bonding, namely SEP versus conventional etching had no significant effect on the median force to debond with the Ideal 1 adhesive. Similarly, when the enamel was conventionally etched,...
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an investigation into the use of a single component self etching primer adhesive system for Orthodontic Bonding a randomized controlled clinical trial
Journal of Orthodontics, 2006Co-Authors: Kate House, Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:AbstractObjective: This study assessed the in vivo bond failure of the single component Orthodontic self-etching primer system, Ideal 1 (GAC Orthodontic Products) and compared it with the conventional acid etching using a conventional 37% o-phosphoric acid, rinsing and drying regimen when Bonding stainless steel Orthodontic brackets to enamel.Design: Prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial.Setting: Orthodontic Department, Bristol Dental School.Material and methods: Twenty consecutive patients undergoing upper and lower fixed Orthodontic treatment entered this cross-mouth control study. Diagonally opposite quadrants were randomly allocated to either the self-etching primer group or the conventional etching group. A total of 339 teeth were bonded with Ideal 1 light-cured adhesive. Bond failures and locus of bond failure were then recorded at 1, 6 and 12 months.Results: Significantly more bond failures occurred at each of the 3 time intervals, 1, 6 and 12 months, where the enamel was pretreated wit...
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use of an adhesive resin for Bonding Orthodontic brackets
European Journal of Ophthalmology, 1994Co-Authors: Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:To date, most successful Bonding agents used in Orthodontics rely on mechanical retention to both the enamel and bracket base. Chemical adhesion to enamel as seen with glass ionomer cements, and to the silanated base of ceramic brackets have been tried. Recent developments in resin formulation have led to the production of adhesive diacrylate resins capable of forming adhesive bonds to certain metals including stainless steel. The aim of this experiment was to compare such a resin, Panavia EX, with a more conventional 'no-mix' Orthodontic Bonding resin. Two different base retention mechanisms were used, and the effect of reBonding and differing environmental conditions were also investigated. The results indicated that Panavia EX could produce greater bond strengths than the more conventional Bonding resin. Of the two base retention systems tested, braised mesh bases gave consistently greater bond strengths than the cast base, although no base/resin specificity could be detected. Re-using the same brackets showed rebound strengths to be significantly lower than initial bond strength although the results indicated the adhesive resin was still able to bond more effectively to these used brackets than the conventional resin. Environment had the greatest effect on bond strength, such that following environmental exposure there was no significant difference between the two resins. This latter factor, and in particular the more complex Bonding technique required for the adhesive resin, means that Panavia EX cannot be recommended for Orthodontic use in its present form.
Dami Jeon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Orthodontic Bonding procedures significantly influence biofilm composition
Progress in Orthodontics, 2020Co-Authors: Dami Jeon, Bumsoon Lim, Sugjoon AhnAbstract:Because changes in surface properties affect bacterial adhesion, Orthodontic Bonding procedures may significantly influence biofilm formation and composition around Orthodontic appliances. However, most studies used a mono-species biofilm model under static conditions, which does not simulate the intraoral environment and complex interactions of oral microflora because the oral cavity is a diverse and changeable environment. In this study, a multi-species biofilm model was used under dynamic culture conditions to assess the effects of the Orthodontic Bonding procedure on biofilm formation and compositional changes in two main oral pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Four specimens were prepared with bovine incisors and Bonding adhesive: untreated enamel surface (BI), enamel surface etched with 37% phosphoric acid (ET), primed enamel surface after etching (PR), and adhesive surface (AD). Surface roughness (SR), surface wettability (SW), and surface texture were evaluated. A multi-species biofilm was developed on each surface and adhesion amounts of Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria were analyzed at day 1 and day 4 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After determining the differences in biofilm formation, SR, and SW between the four surfaces, relationships between bacteria levels and surface properties were analyzed. The order of SR was AD < PR < BI < ET, as BI and ET showed more irregular surface texture than PR and AD. For SW, ET had the greatest value followed by PR, BI, and AD. S. mutans and P. gingivalis showed greater adhesion to BI and ET with rougher and more wettable surfaces than to AD with smoother and less wettable surfaces. The adhesion of total bacteria and S. mutans significantly increased over time, but the amount of P. gingivalis decreased. The adhesion amounts of all bacteria were positively correlated with SR and SW, irrespective of incubation time. Within the limitations of this study, changes in SR and SW associated with Orthodontic Bonding had significant effects on biofilm formation and composition of S. mutans and P. gingivalis.
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Orthodontic Bonding procedures significantly influence biofilm composition
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Dami Jeon, An Jung-sub, Lim Bum-soon, Ahn Sug-joonAbstract:Background Because changes in surface properties affect bacterial adhesion, Orthodontic Bonding procedures may significantly influence biofilm formation and composition around Orthodontic appliances. However, most studies used a mono-species biofilm model under static conditions, which does not simulate the intraoral environment and complex interactions of oral microflora because the oral cavity is a diverse and changeable environment. In this study, a multi-species biofilm model was used under dynamic culture conditions to assess the effects of the Orthodontic Bonding procedure on biofilm formation and compositional changes in two main oral pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods Four specimens were prepared with bovine incisors and Bonding adhesive: untreated enamel surface (BI), enamel surface etched with 37% phosphoric acid (ET), primed enamel surface after etching (PR), and adhesive surface (AD). Surface roughness (SR), surface wettability (SW), and surface texture were evaluated. A multi-species biofilm was developed on each surface and adhesion amounts of Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria were analyzed at day 1 and day 4 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After determining the differences in biofilm formation, SR, and SW between the four surfaces, relationships between bacteria levels and surface properties were analyzed. Results The order of SR was AD < PR < BI < ET, as BI and ET showed more irregular surface texture than PR and AD. For SW, ET had the greatest value followed by PR, BI, and AD. S. mutans and P. gingivalis showed greater adhesion to BI and ET with rougher and more wettable surfaces than to AD with smoother and less wettable surfaces. The adhesion of total bacteria and S. mutans significantly increased over time, but the amount of P. gingivalis decreased. The adhesion amounts of all bacteria were positively correlated with SR and SW, irrespective of incubation time. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, changes in SR and SW associated with Orthodontic Bonding had significant effects on biofilm formation and composition of S. mutans and P. gingivalis.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2017R1A2B4001834]
Anthony J Ireland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an in vitro investigation into the use of a single component self etching primer adhesive system for Orthodontic Bonding a pilot study
Journal of Orthodontics, 2006Co-Authors: Kate House, Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:Objective: This pilot study assessed force to debond (N); time, and site of bond failure of a single component self-etching primer (SEP) and adhesive system, Ideal 1 (GAC International Inc., USA) and compared it with the conventional acid etch and rinse regimen using 37% o-phosphoric acid solution and either TransbondTM XT (3M Unitek) or Ideal 1 adhesive. Design: In vitro laboratory study Setting: Bristol Dental Hospital, UK. Sept 2003-Sept 2004 Material and Methods: Nine groups of 20 premolars were bonded using metal Orthodontic brackets using three protocols: (1) 37% o-phosphoric acid etch and TransbondTM XT adhesive; (2) 37% o-phosphoric acid and Ideal 1 adhesive; (3) Ideal 1 SEP and Ideal 1 adhesive. Force to debond and locus of bond failure were determined at three time intervals. Results: Enamel pre-treatment prior to Bonding, namely SEP versus conventional etching had no significant effect on the median force to debond with the Ideal 1 adhesive. Similarly, when the enamel was conventionally etched,...
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an investigation into the use of a single component self etching primer adhesive system for Orthodontic Bonding a randomized controlled clinical trial
Journal of Orthodontics, 2006Co-Authors: Kate House, Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:AbstractObjective: This study assessed the in vivo bond failure of the single component Orthodontic self-etching primer system, Ideal 1 (GAC Orthodontic Products) and compared it with the conventional acid etching using a conventional 37% o-phosphoric acid, rinsing and drying regimen when Bonding stainless steel Orthodontic brackets to enamel.Design: Prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial.Setting: Orthodontic Department, Bristol Dental School.Material and methods: Twenty consecutive patients undergoing upper and lower fixed Orthodontic treatment entered this cross-mouth control study. Diagonally opposite quadrants were randomly allocated to either the self-etching primer group or the conventional etching group. A total of 339 teeth were bonded with Ideal 1 light-cured adhesive. Bond failures and locus of bond failure were then recorded at 1, 6 and 12 months.Results: Significantly more bond failures occurred at each of the 3 time intervals, 1, 6 and 12 months, where the enamel was pretreated wit...
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an in vivo study to compare a plasma arc light and a conventional quartz halogen curing light in Orthodontic Bonding
European Journal of Orthodontics, 2004Co-Authors: A P Pettemerides, Martyn Sherriff, Anthony J IrelandAbstract:SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a plasma arc lamp with a conventional tungsten quartz halogen lamp in Orthodontic Bonding. Twenty consecutive patients had their brackets bonded either with Transbond XT (n = 10) or Fuji Ortho LC (n = 10). In total, 352 teeth were bonded, 176 in each group. Using a randomized cross-mouth control study design, where diagonally opposite quadrants were assigned a particular treatment, the bonds were then either cured with the control light, namely a halogen lamp, or a plasma arc lamp. The halogen light was used for 20 seconds per tooth and the plasma arc lamp for 3 seconds per tooth. The measurement parameter used was bond failure and the patients were monitored for a period of 6 months following initial bond placement. In the Transbond XT group, the proportion of bond failures was 3.41 per cent for both the halogen and the plasma arc lamp. For the Fuji Ortho LC group, the proportions were 11.4 and 10.2 per cent, respectively. No difference was observed with respect to in-service bond failure proportions between bonds cured with the plasma arc or the conventional halogen lamp, irrespective of the Bonding agent. Use of the plasma arc lamp could therefore lead to considerable savings in clinical time. However, this must be weighed against the increased purchase price of the plasma arc lamp.
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an in vivo investigation into bond failure rates with a new self etching primer system
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2003Co-Authors: Anthony J Ireland, Helen Knight, Martyn SherriffAbstract:Abstract Self-etching primers have recently been introduced to simplify the Orthodontic Bonding process. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of such a product with conventional 2-stage etching and priming with 37% o -phosphoric acid and a conventional unfilled primer. Twenty consecutive patients having Orthodontic bonds placed were selected to participate in this cross-mouth control study. Diagonally opposite quadrants were randomly allocated to either the self-etching primer group or the conventional etching and priming group. A total of 364 teeth were bonded with a light-cured diacrylate adhesive; bond failures were then monitored over 6 months. There were 20 bond failures (10.99%) in the self-etching primer group and 9 bond failures (4.95%) in the conventional etch and priming group over this period. The results were analyzed with the McNemar test and 95% confidence interval. The difference between the failure proportions was −0.06 with an associated 95% confidence interval of −0.121 to 0.001. This study produced weak evidence to suggest that bond failures with a self-etching primer will be higher than those with conventional etching and priming. This increased likelihood of bond failure must be weighed against the time advantage of the self-etching primer when used at the initial Bonding appointment.
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use of an adhesive resin for Bonding Orthodontic brackets
European Journal of Ophthalmology, 1994Co-Authors: Anthony J Ireland, M SherriffAbstract:To date, most successful Bonding agents used in Orthodontics rely on mechanical retention to both the enamel and bracket base. Chemical adhesion to enamel as seen with glass ionomer cements, and to the silanated base of ceramic brackets have been tried. Recent developments in resin formulation have led to the production of adhesive diacrylate resins capable of forming adhesive bonds to certain metals including stainless steel. The aim of this experiment was to compare such a resin, Panavia EX, with a more conventional 'no-mix' Orthodontic Bonding resin. Two different base retention mechanisms were used, and the effect of reBonding and differing environmental conditions were also investigated. The results indicated that Panavia EX could produce greater bond strengths than the more conventional Bonding resin. Of the two base retention systems tested, braised mesh bases gave consistently greater bond strengths than the cast base, although no base/resin specificity could be detected. Re-using the same brackets showed rebound strengths to be significantly lower than initial bond strength although the results indicated the adhesive resin was still able to bond more effectively to these used brackets than the conventional resin. Environment had the greatest effect on bond strength, such that following environmental exposure there was no significant difference between the two resins. This latter factor, and in particular the more complex Bonding technique required for the adhesive resin, means that Panavia EX cannot be recommended for Orthodontic use in its present form.