The Experts below are selected from a list of 78594 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chengtie Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the in vitro and in vivo cementogenesis of camgsi2o6 bioceramic scaffolds
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2014Co-Authors: Yufeng Zhang, Shue Li, Chengtie WuAbstract:The goal of periodontal tissue engineering is to regenerate alveolar bone, root cementum and periodontal ligament. To achieve this goal, bioactive scaffolds play an important role in inducing in vitro osteogenic/cementogenic gene expression of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and in vivo bone/cementum formation. Diopside (DIOP: CaMgSi2O6) ceramics have shown excellent in vitro bioactivity for potential bone repair application. However, there is no study about DIOP porous scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering. The aim of this study is to prepare DIOP scaffolds and investigate their in vitro and in vivo Osteogenesis/cementogenesis for periodontal regeneration application. DIOP scaffolds with highly porous architecture were prepared and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds were used for the control. The interaction of DIOP scaffolds with PDLCs was studied by investigating cell attachment, proliferation and ostegenic/cementogenic differentiation of PDLCs. DIOP scaffolds were implanted into the periodontal defects of beagle dogs to evaluate their in vivo Osteogenesis/cementogenesis by hematoxylin and eosin (HE cementum attachment protein) analyses. The results have shown that DIOP scaffolds supported the attachment and proliferation of PDLCs. DIOP scaffolds significantly enhanced Osteogenesis/cementogenesis-related gene expression (Col 1, Runx2, transforming growth factor beta 1, and bone morphogenetic protein 2) of PDLCs, compared to β-TCP scaffolds. The in vivo study showed that DIOP scaffolds induced new bone and cementum regeneration of periodontal tissue defects. The rate of new bone and cementum in DIOP scaffolds is comparable to that in conventional β-TCP scaffolds. Our results indicated that silicate-based DIOP ceramics could not only be used for bone tissue engineering, but also for periodontal tissue engineering due to their excellent in vitro and in vivo osteogeneis/cementogenesis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 105–116, 2014.
Jitendra Prasad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Computer modelling of bone’s adaptation: the role of normal strain, shear strain and fluid flow
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Kumar Tiwari, Jitendra PrasadAbstract:Bone loss is a serious health problem. In vivo studies have found that mechanical stimulation may inhibit bone loss as elevated strain in bone induces Osteogenesis, i.e. new bone formation. However, the exact relationship between mechanical environment and Osteogenesis is less clear. Normal strain is considered as a prime stimulus of osteogenic activity; however, there are some instances in the literature where Osteogenesis is observed in the vicinity of minimal normal strain, specifically near the neutral axis of bending in long bones. It suggests that Osteogenesis may also be induced by other or secondary components of mechanical environment such as shear strain or canalicular fluid flow. As it is evident from the literature, shear strain and fluid flow can be potent stimuli of Osteogenesis. This study presents a computational model to investigate the roles of these stimuli in bone adaptation. The model assumes that bone formation rate is roughly proportional to the normal, shear and fluid shear strain energy density above their osteogenic thresholds. In vivo Osteogenesis due to cyclic cantilever bending of a murine tibia has been simulated. The model predicts results close to experimental findings when normal strain, and shear strain or fluid shear were combined. This study also gives a new perspective on the relation between osteogenic potential of micro-level fluid shear and that of macro-level bending shear. Attempts to establish such relations among the components of mechanical environment and corresponding Osteogenesis may ultimately aid in the development of effective approaches to mitigating bone loss.
Woo Jin Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inhibition of stat5a promotes Osteogenesis by dlx5 regulation
Cell Death and Disease, 2018Co-Authors: Kwang Hwan Park, Ji Suk Hwang, Dong Suk Yoon, Ho Sun Jung, Ki Won Park, Sahng Wook Park, Yongmin Chun, Woo Jin ChoiAbstract:The regulation of Osteogenesis is important for bone formation and fracture healing. Despite advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of Osteogenesis, crucial modulators in this process are not well-characterized. Here we demonstrate that suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) activates distal-less homeobox 5 (DLX5) in human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) and enhances Osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We show that STAT5A negatively regulates expression of Dlx5 in vitro and that STAT5A deletion results in increased trabecular and cortical bone mass and bone mineral density in mice. Additionally, STAT5A deletion prevents age-related bone loss. In a murine fracture model, STAT5A deletion was found to significantly enhance bone remodeling by stimulating the formation of a fracture callus. Our findings indicate that STAT5A inhibition enhances bone formation by promoting Osteogenesis of BMSCs.
Yin Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhancing in vivo vascularized bone formation by cobalt chloride treated bone marrow stromal cells in a tissue engineered periosteum model
Biomaterials, 2010Co-Authors: Ross Crawford, Yin XiaoAbstract:The periosteum plays an indispensable role in both bone formation and bone defect healing. In this study we constructed an artificial in vitro periosteum by incorporating osteogenic differentiated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-treated BMSCs. The engineered periostea were implanted both subcutaneously and into skull bone defects in SCID mice to investigate ectopic and orthotopic Osteogenesis and vascularization. After two weeks in subcutaneous and four weeks in bone defect areas, the implanted constructs were assessed for ectopic and orthotopic Osteogenesis and vascularization by micro-CT, histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that CoCl2 pre-treated BMSCs induced higher degree of vascularization and enhanced Osteogenesis within the implants in both ectopic and orthotopic areas. This study provided a novel approach using BMSCs sourced from the same patient for both osteogenic and pro-angiogenic purposes in constructing tissue engineered periosteum to enhance vascularized Osteogenesis.
Nagarajan Selvamurugan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Regulation of Runx2 by MicroRNAs in osteoblast differentiation.
Life Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: Akshaya Narayanan, N. Srinaath, M. Rohini, Nagarajan SelvamuruganAbstract:Abstract Bone is one of the most dynamic organs in the body that continuously undergoes remodeling through bone formation and resorption. A cascade of molecules and pathways results in the osteoblast differentiation that is attributed to Osteogenesis, or bone formation. The process of Osteogenesis is achieved through participation of the Wnt pathway, FGFs, BMPs/TGF-β, and transcription factors such as Runx2 and Osx. The activity and function of the master transcription factor, Runx2, is of utmost significance as it can induce the function of osteoblast differentiation markers. A number of microRNAs [miRNAs] have been recently identified in the regulation of Runx2 expression/activity, thus affecting the process of Osteogenesis. miRNAs that target Runx2 corepressors favor Osteogenesis, while miRNAs that target Runx2 coactivators inhibit Osteogenesis. In this review, we focus on the regulation of Runx2 by miRNAs in osteoblast differentiation and their potential for treating bone and bone-related diseases.
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runx2 structure function and phosphorylation in osteoblast differentiation
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2015Co-Authors: Selvaraj Vimalraj, B Arumugam, P J Miranda, Nagarajan SelvamuruganAbstract:Abstract Runx2 is a master transcription factor for Osteogenesis. The most important phenomenon that makes this protein a master regulator for Osteogenesis is its structural integrity. In response to various stimuli, the domains in Runx2 interact with several proteins and regulate a number of cellular events via posttranslational modifications. Hence, in this review we summarized the structural integrity of Runx2 and its posttranslational modifications, especially the phosphorylation responsible for either stimulation or inhibition of its regulatory role in Osteogenesis.
