The Experts below are selected from a list of 5883 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ibrahim Dincer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle assessment of hydrogen-based electricity generation in place of conventional fuels for residential buildings
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Merve Ozturk, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract In the current study, environmental impact evaluation of electricity generation from hydrogen instead of conventional fuels is investigated with a life cycle impact assessment for residential usage. For this purpose, lignite, natural gas, and hydrogen are utilized to a power plant to generate electricity in Istanbul, Turkey throughout the year. The utilized method for life cycle analysis is the CML 2001 which considers the impacts of global warming, acidification, abiotic fossil Depletion, photochemical Ozone creation, ionising radiation, human toxicity potential, land use, eutrophication potential, Ozone Layer Depletion, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, ecotoxicity of marine aquatic, ecotoxicity of marine sediment, and terrestrial ecotoxicity. The results of the present study illustrate that the generation with hydrogen is the best option for the environment in terms of all impact category. The global warming potentials with the 500 years time horizon for each option of electricity generation are found as 1.4 × 106 ton CO2 eq, 6 × 105 ton CO2 eq and 4.6 × 104 ton CO2 eq, respectively in the month of January.
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comparative efficiency and environmental impact assessments of a solar assisted combined cycle with various fuels
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020Co-Authors: Aras Karapekmez, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract Due to resources Depletion, fossil fuels are not capable of compensating the growing energy needs. However, still most of the power plants driven by fossil based fuels such as coal, natural gas or oil. The underlying motivation of this study is to reveal what types of biomass can be a better choice to replace fossil fuels by comparing both environmental impacts and systems performance. In order to achieve this target, a solar-assisted combined cycle is modeled thermodynamically for seven different fuels. Also, a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) is carried out by using CML 2001 method for evaluation of the environmental impacts of the considered fuels to produce electricity through a combined cycle. Although natural gas fired solar-assisted combined cycle emits the least amount of CO2 to the atmosphere, global warming potential (GWP) and Ozone Layer Depletion potential (ODP) of natural gas are determined as the highest among the considered fuels. According to the results, sawdust and wet wood would be the rewarding alternatives of natural gas with relatively lower amounts of CO2 emissions (11.37 kg/s for the sawdust and 11.78 kg/s for the wet wood) as well as having the lowest environmental impacts.
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Clean fuel options with hydrogen for sea transportation: A life cycle approach
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Yusuf Bicer, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract In this study, two potential fuels, namely hydrogen and ammonia, are alternatively proposed to replace heavy fuel oils in the engines of sea transportation vehicles. A comparative life cycle assessments of different types of sea transportation vehicles are performed to investigate the impacts of fuel switching on the environment. The entire transport life cycle is considered in the life cycle analyses consisting of production of freight ship and tanker; operation of freight ship and tanker; construction and land use of port; operation, maintenance and disposal of port; production and transportation of these clean fuels. Various environmental impact categories, such as global warming, marine sediment ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, acidification and Ozone Layer Depletion are selected in order to examine the diverse effects of switching to clean fuels in maritime transportation. As a carbon-free fuel for marine vehicle engines, ammonia and hydrogen, yield considerably lower global warming impact during the operation. Furthermore, numerous production methods of alternative fuels are evaluated to comparatively show environmentally benign options. The results of this study demonstrate that if ammonia is even partially utilized in the engines of ocean tankers as dual fuel (with heavy fuel oils), overall life cycle greenhouse gas emissions per tonne-kilometer can be decreased about 27% whereas it can be decreased by about 40% when hydrogen is used as dual fuel.
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Life cycle environmental impact assessments and comparisons of alternative fuels for clean vehicles
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2018Co-Authors: Yusuf Bicer, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract In this study, a comparative life cycle assessment of internal combustion engine-based vehicles fueled by various fuels, ranging from hydrogen to gasoline, is conducted in addition to electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Three types of vehicles are considered, namely; internal combustion engine vehicles using gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, compressed natural gas, hydrogen and ammonia; hybrid electric vehicles using 50% gasoline and 50% electricity; and electric only vehicles for comprehensive comparison and environmental impact assessment. The processes are analyzed from raw material extraction to vehicle disposal using process-based life cycle assessment methodology. In order to reflect the sustainability of the vehicles, seven different environmental impact categories are considered: abiotic Depletion, acidification, eutrophication, global warming, human toxicity, Ozone Layer Depletion and terrestrial ecotoxicity. The primary energy resources are selected based on currently utilized options to indicate the actual performances of the vehicles. The results show that electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles result in higher human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity and acidification values because of manufacturing and maintenance phases. In contrast, hydrogen vehicles yield the most environmentally benign option because of high energy density and low fuel consumption during operation.
Jane Dove - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Student Teacher Understanding of the Greenhouse Effect, Ozone Layer Depletion and Acid Rain
Environmental Education Research, 1996Co-Authors: Jane DoveAbstract:SUMMARY This paper provides an overview and discussion of a study of student teachers’ knowledge and understanding of the greenhouse effect, Ozone Layer Depletion and acid rain. It describes the results of a small scale survey designed to ascertain details of student knowledge and misconceptions about these environmental issues. The study reveals familiarity with the term ‘greenhouse effect’, but little understanding of the concepts involved. One common misconception is that the greenhouse effect is the result of Ozone Layer Depletion. In contrast, there is a clear understanding that the Ozone Layer protects the Earth from harmful radiation and that it is currently being destroyed by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Burning coal is linked to the formation of acid rain, but there is little appreciation of why trees in Scandinavia are being destroyed by this process. Recommendations for lecturers and student teachers are made from the findings.
Yusuf Bicer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Clean fuel options with hydrogen for sea transportation: A life cycle approach
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Yusuf Bicer, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract In this study, two potential fuels, namely hydrogen and ammonia, are alternatively proposed to replace heavy fuel oils in the engines of sea transportation vehicles. A comparative life cycle assessments of different types of sea transportation vehicles are performed to investigate the impacts of fuel switching on the environment. The entire transport life cycle is considered in the life cycle analyses consisting of production of freight ship and tanker; operation of freight ship and tanker; construction and land use of port; operation, maintenance and disposal of port; production and transportation of these clean fuels. Various environmental impact categories, such as global warming, marine sediment ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, acidification and Ozone Layer Depletion are selected in order to examine the diverse effects of switching to clean fuels in maritime transportation. As a carbon-free fuel for marine vehicle engines, ammonia and hydrogen, yield considerably lower global warming impact during the operation. Furthermore, numerous production methods of alternative fuels are evaluated to comparatively show environmentally benign options. The results of this study demonstrate that if ammonia is even partially utilized in the engines of ocean tankers as dual fuel (with heavy fuel oils), overall life cycle greenhouse gas emissions per tonne-kilometer can be decreased about 27% whereas it can be decreased by about 40% when hydrogen is used as dual fuel.
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Life cycle environmental impact assessments and comparisons of alternative fuels for clean vehicles
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2018Co-Authors: Yusuf Bicer, Ibrahim DincerAbstract:Abstract In this study, a comparative life cycle assessment of internal combustion engine-based vehicles fueled by various fuels, ranging from hydrogen to gasoline, is conducted in addition to electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Three types of vehicles are considered, namely; internal combustion engine vehicles using gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, compressed natural gas, hydrogen and ammonia; hybrid electric vehicles using 50% gasoline and 50% electricity; and electric only vehicles for comprehensive comparison and environmental impact assessment. The processes are analyzed from raw material extraction to vehicle disposal using process-based life cycle assessment methodology. In order to reflect the sustainability of the vehicles, seven different environmental impact categories are considered: abiotic Depletion, acidification, eutrophication, global warming, human toxicity, Ozone Layer Depletion and terrestrial ecotoxicity. The primary energy resources are selected based on currently utilized options to indicate the actual performances of the vehicles. The results show that electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles result in higher human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity and acidification values because of manufacturing and maintenance phases. In contrast, hydrogen vehicles yield the most environmentally benign option because of high energy density and low fuel consumption during operation.
Anita Wallin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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students understanding of the greenhouse effect the societal consequences of reducing co2 emissions and the problem of Ozone Layer Depletion
Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2000Co-Authors: Bjorn Andersson, Anita WallinAbstract:This study is an attempt to contribute to the growing body of knowledge about students' conceptions and views concerning environmental and natural resource issues. Answers have been sought to the following questions: “How do Swedish students in grade 9 (15–16 years old) and grade 12 (18–19 years old) explain the greenhouse effect?”, “How do they think reduction of CO2 emission would affect society?” and “How do they explain that the Depletion of the Ozone Layer is a problem?” The method chosen to answer these questions was to give students written tasks of the open-ended type. Five models of the greenhouse effect appear among the answers, all more or less incomplete, but nevertheless with potential for development. The students' responses also indicate that they do not fully understand what fundamental societal changes would occur as a result of a drastic reduction in CO2 emission. On the other hand, they are rather well informed about how injurious Depletion of the Ozone Layer is to humans. The findings are discussed, including implications for teaching. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 1096–1111, 2000
Atsushi Inaba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of damage function for stratospheric Ozone Layer Depletion a tool towards the improvement of the quality of life cycle impact assessment
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2000Co-Authors: Kentaro Hayashi, Norihiro Itsubo, Atsushi InabaAbstract:The purpose of our study was to develop damage functions due to Ozone Layer Depletion, that related the emission of Ozone depleting substances (ODS) to the damage of category endpoints. The Ozone Layer Depletion causes many types of damage such as skin cancer, cataract, adverse effect to crop and plant growth. We assessed the increase of skin cancer incidence risk. The damage function have been developed with connecting the main processes on Ozone Depletion, emission of ODS, increase of tropospheric ODS, increase of stratospheric ODS, change of total Ozone, change of B region ultra-violet (UV-B) at the surface, and the increase of skin cancer incidence. As the result, we could introduce damage functions of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer incidence for 13 species of ODSs and damage factors based on the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). We also compared the DALYs value with the damage factors of Eco-indicator 99 (egalitarian and hierarchic value), and it was found that our result was several ten times as small except methyl bromide. Furthermore, a case study for refrigerator was performed and it showed that shifting to less Ozone depleting substances reduced the risk of skin cancer incidence to one-fourteenth in DALYs.
