The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yongsheng Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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150 years of Darwin's theory of intercellular flow of hereditary information.
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2018Co-Authors: Yongsheng Liu, Qi ChenAbstract:Charles Darwin's Pangenesis theory, which proposed an intercellular mechanism for the flow of hereditary information, is gaining new ground.
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Darwin and Mendel: The Historical Connection.
Advances in genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Yongsheng LiuAbstract:Abstract Darwin carried out a host of carefully controlled cross- and self-pollination experiments in a wide variety of plants, and made a significant and imperishable contribution to the knowledge of hybridization. He not only clearly described the phenomenon of what he called prepotency and what we now call dominance or Mendelian inheritance, but also explained it by his Pangenesis. Recent discovery of small RNAs acting as dominance modifiers supports his Pangenesis regarding the control of prepotency by gemmules. Historical studies show that there is striking evidence that Mendel read Darwin's The Origin of Species, which had influenced his paper presented in 1865 and published in 1866. Although Mendel's paper has been considered a classic in the history of genetics, it generated much controversy since its rediscovery. Mendel’s position as the father of genetics is being seriously challenged. Darwin's main contribution to genetics was the collection of a tremendous amount of genetic data, and the formulation of a comprehensive genetical theory for their explanation. Over the past 150 years, however, Darwin’s legacy to genetics, particularly his Pangenesis, has not been considered seriously by most geneticists. It is proposed that Darwin should have been regarded as one of the most important pioneers in genetics.
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Darwin's Pangenesis and Medical Genetics.
Advances in genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Yongsheng LiuAbstract:Abstract Darwin had many close connections with medical men, and made a number of observations on inherited diseases, clearly describing the inheritance of sex-linked diseases, inherited diseases at corresponding ages, infectious disease and the causes of diseases. Darwin's Pangenesis provides an alternative explanation for cancer metastasis, and is now supported by the discovery of circulating tumour DNA. The “genometastasis hypothesis” proposed by Garcia-Olmo et al. is consistent with Pangenesis. Darwin's view of animal regeneration and his pangenetic explanation is also supported by the recent finding regarding the role of small RNAs and extracellular vesicles in regeneration. There is increasing evidence for genetic information exchange between the donor and recipient cells during transplantation, supporting Darwin's “graft hybridization” concept that gemmules released from the cells of the stock (or scion) could move into the scion (or stock) and incorporated into their cells. In addition, there is also increasing evidence for transposition of the viscera. It appears to me that there is a need to expand the concept of Darwinian medicine by incorporating Darwin’s Pangenesis into it.
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Natural Selection and Pangenesis: The Darwinian Synthesis of Evolution and Genetics.
Advances in genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Yongsheng LiuAbstract:Since the end of the 19th century, Lamarck's name has been tightly linked to the notion of the inheritance of acquired characters. Darwin regarded Lamarck as a great zoologist and a forerunner of evolution, and repeatedly expressed the opinion that "natural selection has been the main but not the exclusive means of modification." The original Darwinism not only includes natural selection, but also the inheritance of acquired characters and mutation. Neo-Darwinism considers natural selection as the one controlling process of evolution, but denies the inheritance of acquired characters. Lysenkoism accepts the inheritance of acquired characters and graft hybridization, but denies the significance of Malthusism and Mutationism. It has been suggested that the "modern synthesis", which evolved from neo-Darwinism, needs a rethink. I propose that there is a need to go back to Darwin's own synthesis which combined his theory of evolution by natural selection with his theory of heredity and variation - Pangenesis.
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Darwin's Pangenesis and Certain Anomalous Phenomena.
Advances in genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Yongsheng LiuAbstract:Abstract Darwin clearly described certain anomalous phenomena, including what he referred to as “the direct action of the male element on the female form” and what we now call xenia and telegony, bud variation (mutation), reversion or atavism, and the inheritance and non-inheritance of mutilation. Some phenomena, particularly xenia, telegony and the inheritance of mutilation, were considered as doubtful phenomena by such authorities as Weismann and Morgan. Over the past 150 year, however, there has been increasing evidence for xenia, which is of great interest and importance in physiological research and plant production. The discoveries of cell-free fetal DNA, sperm RNAs, penetration of sperm into the somatic tissues of the female reproductive tract and the incorporation of exogenous DNA into somatic cells indicate that molecular mechanisms exist for telegony, one of the most controversial issues. Darwin’s Pangenesis is the only theory that explains all the different types of phenomena.
William UsaquÉn MartÍnez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EL ORIGEN DE LAS ESPECIES Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL INICIO DE LA ACTUAL TEORÍA DE LA HERENCIA
2009Co-Authors: William UsaquÉn MartÍnezAbstract:In the first part I present some historical elements related to the "Philosophie Zoologique" by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a fundamental work of modern biology. This work deserves a special mention in its 200th anniversary, since it contains some important concepts for "The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of favored races in the struggle for life" the principal work of Charles Darwin. Subsequently we review the Pangenesis and various contradictions in the explanation of the variability required for the action of natural selection that culminate with the birth of genetics. In this paper is important show the particular position of Mendelian experiments in relation with the evolutionary paradigm caused by the origin of species.
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EL ORIGEN DE LAS ESPECIES Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL INICIO DE LA ACTUAL TEORÍA DE LA HERENCIA The Origin of Species and its Relation with the Birth of Present Genetic Theory
2009Co-Authors: William UsaquÉn MartÍnezAbstract:In the first part I present some historical elements related to the “Philosophie Zoologique” by JeanBaptiste Lamarck, a fundamental work of modern biology. This work deserves a special mention in its 200th anniversary, since it contains some important concepts for “The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of favored races in the struggle for life” the principal work of Charles Darwin. Subsequently we review the Pangenesis and various contradictions in the explanation of the variability required for the action of natural selection that culminate with the birth of genetics. In this paper is important show the particular position of Mendelian experiments in relation with the evolutionary paradigm caused by the origin of species.
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EL ORIGEN DE LAS ESPECIES Y SU RELACIÓNCON EL INICIO DE LA ACTUAL TEORÍA DE LA HERENCIA The Origin of Species and its Relation with the Birth of Present Genetic Theory
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 1Co-Authors: William UsaquÉn MartÍnezAbstract:En la primera parte se mostrarán algunos elementos históricos relacionados con la "Philosophie Zoologique" de Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, obra fundamental de la biología moderna merecedora de una mención especial en su aniversario número 200. Esta obra contiene algunos conceptos impor-tantes para "The Origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life" el trabajo fundamental de Charles Darwin. Posteriormente se revisará la idea general de la pangénesis y sus diferentes contradicciones en la explicación de la variabilidad necesaria para la acción de la selección natural que culminarían con el nacimiento de la genética. Es importante mostrar la posición particular de los experimentos mendelianos en relación con el paradigma evo-lutivo causado por el origen de las especies.In the first part I present some historical elements related to the "Philosophie Zoologique" by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a fundamental work of modern biology. This work deserves a special mention in its 200th anniversary, since it contains some important concepts for "The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of favored races in the struggle for life" the principal work of Charles Darwin. Subsequently we review the Pangenesis and various contradictions in the explanation of the variability required for the action of natural selection that culminate with the birth of genetics. In this paper is important show the particular position of Mendelian experiments in relation with the evolutionary paradigm caused by the origin of species
Ida H. Stamhuis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Reactions on Hugo de Vries's Intracellular Pangenesis; the Discussion with August Weismann
Journal of the History of Biology, 2003Co-Authors: Ida H. StamhuisAbstract:In 1889 Hugo de Vries published Intracellular Pangenesis in which heformulated his ideas on heredity. The highexpectations of the impression these ideaswould make did not come true and publicationwas negated or reviewed critically. From thereactions of his Dutch colleagues and thediscussion with the famous German zoologistAugust Weismann we conclude that the assertionthat each cell contains all hereditary materialwas controversial and even more the claim thatcharacters are inherited independently of eachother. De Vries felt that he had to convincehis colleagues of the validity of his theory byproviding experimental evidence. He establishedan important research program which resulted inthe rediscovery of Mendel's laws and thepublication of The Mutation Theory . This article also illustrates somephenomena that go beyond an interesting episodein the development of theories of heredity. Itshows that criticism from colleagues can move aresearcher so deeply that he feels compelled toset up an extensive research program. Moreoverit illustrates that it is not unusual that acreative scientist is only partially willing totake criticism on his theories into account.Last but not least it demonstrates that commonopinion on the validity of specific argumentsmay change in the course of time.
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Hugo de Vries on Heredity, 1889-1903. Statistics, Mendelian Laws, Pangenes, Mutations
Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences, 1999Co-Authors: Ida H. Stamhuis, Onno G. Meijer, E.j.a. ZevenhuizenAbstract:The essay describes the development of Hugo de Vries's thinking on heredity from the publication of his Intracellulare Pangenesis in 1889 to the publication of Die Mutationstheorie, Volume 2, in 1903. De Vries's work in the 1890s can be characterized as an attempt to defend his theory of pangenes, especially the fundamental and controversial idea that different characters have different material hereditary carriers. Hybridization experiments served his goal. Recently discovered research notes on hybridization from 1896 suggest that, though he was unaware of Mendel's work, De Vries used the laws of dominance and recessiveness, segregation, and independent assortment to explain the 75:25 ratio in the second generation. He had discovered these laws by applying insights from probability theory to his research. In Die Mutationstheorie De Vries combined central concepts of intracellular Pangenesis and his mutation theory by modifying the meanings of important terms and introducing new states of pangenes. In his...
Kate Holterhoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The History and Reception of Charles Darwin’s Hypothesis of Pangenesis
Journal of the History of Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Kate HolterhoffAbstract:This paper explores Charles Darwin’s hypothesis of Pangenesis through a popular and professional reception history. First published in The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication (1868), Pangenesis stated that inheritance can be explained by sub-cellular “gemmules” which aggregated in the sexual organs during intercourse. Pangenesis thereby accounted for the seemingly arbitrary absence and presence of traits in offspring while also clarifying some botanical and invertebrates’ limb regeneration abilities. I argue that critics largely interpreted Variation as an extension of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859), while Pangenesis was an extension of natural selection. Contrary to claims that Pangenesis was divorced from natural selection by its reliance on the inheritance of acquired characters, Pangenesis’s mid nineteenth-century reception suggests that Darwin’s hypothesis responded directly to selection’s critics. Using Variation’s several editions, periodical reviews, and personal correspondence I assess Pangenesis popularly, professionally, and biographically to better understand Variation’s impact on 1860s and 70s British evolutionism and inheritance.
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the history and reception of charles darwin s hypothesis of Pangenesis
Journal of the History of Biology, 2014Co-Authors: Kate HolterhoffAbstract:This paper explores Charles Darwin's hypothesis of Pangenesis through a popular and professional reception history. First published in The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication (1868), Pangenesis stated that inheritance can be explained by sub-cellular "gemmules" which aggregated in the sexual organs during intercourse. Pangenesis thereby accounted for the seemingly arbitrary absence and presence of traits in offspring while also clarifying some botanical and invertebrates' limb regeneration abilities. I argue that critics largely interpreted Variation as an extension of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859), while Pangenesis was an extension of natural selection. Contrary to claims that Pangenesis was divorced from natural selection by its reliance on the inheritance of acquired characters, Pangenesis's mid nineteenth-century reception suggests that Darwin's hypothesis responded directly to selection's critics. Using Variation's several editions, periodical reviews, and personal correspondence I assess Pangenesis popularly, professionally, and biographically to better understand Variation's impact on 1860s and 70s British evolutionism and inheritance.
E.j.a. Zevenhuizen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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De Vries, Hugo
Brenner's Encyclopedia of Genetics, 2013Co-Authors: E.j.a. ZevenhuizenAbstract:The Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries (1848–1935) is mainly known as one of the three rediscoverers of Mendel’s laws. In his own days, he was a world celebrity because of his theory of speciation through spontaneous genetic change. Present-day genetics owes him the words ‘mutation’ and ‘genes’. Set in its historical context, it appears that the rediscovery was not an isolated event but was part of de Vries’ research program to show that Charles Darwin had been right with his ‘provisional hypothesis of Pangenesis’, his theory of heredity.
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Hugo de Vries on Heredity, 1889-1903. Statistics, Mendelian Laws, Pangenes, Mutations
Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences, 1999Co-Authors: Ida H. Stamhuis, Onno G. Meijer, E.j.a. ZevenhuizenAbstract:The essay describes the development of Hugo de Vries's thinking on heredity from the publication of his Intracellulare Pangenesis in 1889 to the publication of Die Mutationstheorie, Volume 2, in 1903. De Vries's work in the 1890s can be characterized as an attempt to defend his theory of pangenes, especially the fundamental and controversial idea that different characters have different material hereditary carriers. Hybridization experiments served his goal. Recently discovered research notes on hybridization from 1896 suggest that, though he was unaware of Mendel's work, De Vries used the laws of dominance and recessiveness, segregation, and independent assortment to explain the 75:25 ratio in the second generation. He had discovered these laws by applying insights from probability theory to his research. In Die Mutationstheorie De Vries combined central concepts of intracellular Pangenesis and his mutation theory by modifying the meanings of important terms and introducing new states of pangenes. In his...
