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B Ohnesorge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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die rolle von ersatznahrung und mikroklima im system typhlodromus pyri scheuten acari phytoseiidae Panonychus ulmi koch acari tetranychidae auf weinreben i untersuchungen im labor
Journal of Applied Entomology, 1994Co-Authors: R Engel, B OhnesorgeAbstract:The role of alternative food and microclimate in the system Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten (Acari, Phytoseiidae)—Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae) on grape vines. I. Laboratory investigations The nutritional value of different food resources for T. pyri occurring on grape vines was tested in feeding experiments. Development and reproduction of the predacious mite were the criteria being studied. The majority of the offered pollen species proved to be of nutritional value to the mites. Pollen from trees and grasses that flower in spring had the best nutritional quality. Pearl hairs from grape leaves and larvae of Drepanothrips reuteri also allowed the reproduction of T. pyri. The most favourable types of food were, however, the eriophyid mites Calepitrimerus vitis and Eriophyes vitis. Panonychus ulmi was of a considerably lower nutritional value. This spider mite was barely accepted by juvenile predacious mites, but also only reluctantly fed upon by adult mites. Tetranychus urticae, on the other hand, was readily accepted. In dual-choice tests, those kinds of food were always preferred which had performed best in the feeding experiments. Electrophoretic analysis of the gut contents of predatory mites, which had been collected in vineyards, showed that pollen from different wind-pollinating species constituted the major part of the predatory mite's diet during the first part of the vegetation period. During the summer, T. pyri fed mainly on eriophyid mites and thrips larvae, if present. Spider mites constituted the major part of the diet from August to the end of the vegetation period. Zusammenfassung Der Wert verschiedener potentieller Nahrungsquellen fur die Ernahrung von T. pyri wurde in Futterungsversuchen gepruft. Als Kriterien dienten Entwicklung und Vermchrung der Raubmilbe. Die Mehrzahl der verfutterten Pollen erwies sich als gute Nahrungsgrundlage. Die hochste Qualitat hatten die Pollen der im Fruhjahr bluhenden Baume und Graser. Auch Perldrusen und Larven des Thrips Drepanothrips reuteri gestatteten der Raubmilbe eine Fortpflanzung. Als beste Nahrung erwiesen sich die Gallmilben Calepitrimerus vitis und Eriophyes vitis. Deutlich schlechtere Ergebnisse wurden bei Verfutterung von Panonychus ulmi erzielt. Diese Spinnmilbe wurde von juvenilen Raubmilben kaum, aber auch von adulten nur ungern angenommen, wahrend Tetranychus urticae durchaus akzeptiert wurde. In Auswahlversuchen wurde diejenige Nahrung bevorzugt, die auch in den Futterungsversuchen das beste Gedeihen gestattete. Mittels elektrophoretischer Untersuchungen konnte nachgewiesen werden, daβ die Pollen der verschiedenen Windbestauber wahrend der ersten Halfte der Vegetationsperiode die dominierende Rolle in der Ernahrung von T. pyri spielten. Wahrend des Hochsommers wurden vor allem Blattgallmilben und Thripslarven dort, wo sie vorhanden waren, verzehrt. Spinnmilben machten erst ab dem Spatsommer den Hauptteil der Nahrung von T. pyri aus.
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Die Rolle von Ersatznahrung und Mikroklima im System Typhlodromus pyri (Acari, Phytoseiidae) —Panonychus ulmi (Acari, Tetranychidae) auf Weinreben
Journal of Applied Entomology, 1994Co-Authors: R Engel, B OhnesorgeAbstract:The role of alternative food and microclimate in the system Typhlodromus pyri (Acari, Phytoseiidae) — Panonychus ulmi (Acari, Tetranychidae) on grape vines. II. Field experiments T. pyri or one of its prey species were removed in experimental plots by partially selective insecticides or acaricides. When T. pyri was removed, pearl hairs of the grape leaves, Drepanothrips reuteri, Eriophyes vitis and Panonychus ulmi could be found in much higher numbers. It can be deduced from this that T. pyri considerably reduces these food resources. On the other hand, the removal of one of these sources resulted in only a slight reduction of the predatory mites density, apparently because the food supply was too abundant and manifold for T. pyri to be much impaired by the lack of one of its components. An artificial improvement of the pollen supply during one summer reduced a decline in the population of T. pyri which was taking place at this time, but it did not prevent it completely. Spider mites were mainly consumed when their population density was high and other food resources were rare. If spider mites and gall mites were concurrently present the consumption of spider mites was somewhat reduced. Investigations of the spatial distribution of the mites within the grape plant and the single leaves showed that the distribution pattern of T. pyri was different from that of P. ulmi. The predatory mites preferred the basal leaves of the plant and especially the central parts of the undersurface of the leaves. The spider mites, on the other hand, preferred the peripheral parts. No influence of microclimate, time of day or weather on the distribution pattern of either the predatory mites or the spider mites could be proven. The roles of the alternative food and the distribution patterns of the mites in the system T. pyri-P. ulmi are discussed. Zusammenfassung In Freilandversuchen wurden T. pyri oder eines ihrer Beutetiere durch teilselektive Insektizide oder Akarizide ausgeschaltet. Wo T. pyri fehlte, waren Perldrusen, Thripse, Blattgallmilben und Spinnmilben in erheblich erhohter Dichte zu finden. Dies last darauf schliesen, das T. pyri unter naturlichen Bedingungen diese Nahrungsquellen in erheblichem Mase dezimiert. Umgekehrt fuhrte die selektive Ausschaltung einer von diesen nur zu einer geringfugigen Verminderung der Raubmilbendichte, ein Zeichen dafur, das auf den Versuchsflachen ein so reichhaltiges und vielfaltiges Nahrungsangebot vorhanden war, das der Wegfall einer einzigen Komponente noch nicht katastrophal fur T. pyri war. Eine kunstliche Erhohung des Pollenangebots im Sommer konnte einen zu dieser Zeit eintretenden Ruckgang der Raubmilbenpopulation zwar vermindern, aber nicht vollstandig verhindern. Spinnmilben wurden vor allem dann gefressen, wenn sie in hoher Populationsdichte vorhanden und andere Nahrungsquellen selten waren. Bei gleichzeitigem reichlichen Vorhandensein von Spinnmilben und Gallmilben war die Spinnmilbenvertilgung etwas reduziert. In Erhebungen zur Milbenverteilung zeigte sich, das T. pyri innerhalb des Rebstocks und insbeson-dere auf dem Blatt selbst ein anderes Verteilungsmuster besitzt als Panonychus ulmi. Die Raubmilben waren eher an den Blattern der Stockbasis bzw. im inneren Bereich der Blattunterseite zu finden, wahrend die Spinnmilben jeweils eher die peripheren Bereiche vorzogen. Ein Einflus des Mikroklimas, der Tageszeit oder der Witterung auf die Verteilungsmuster konnte weder bei den Raubmilben noch bei den Spinnmilben festgestellt werden. Die Rollen der Alternativnahrung und der Verteilungsmuster der Milben im System T. pyri-P. ulmi werden diskutiert.
Noeli Juarez Ferla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF Panonychus ulmi ON LEAVES OF APPLE AND GRAPEVINE
Oecologia Australis, 2020Co-Authors: Darliane Evangelho Silva, Joseane Moreira Do Nascimento, Rita Tatiane Leão Da Silva, Júlia Jantsch Ferla, Kettlin Ruffatto, Calebe Fernando Juchema, Luiz Liberato Costa Corrêa, Liana Johann, Noeli Juarez FerlaAbstract:Panonychus ulmi is widely distributed in apple and vineyards worldwide. In Brazil, the first damages were observed in apple orchard and later in grapevine. The aim of this study was to evaluate feeding preference and biological traits of P. ulmi on different grapevine varieties (BRS Vitoria, Merlot and Concord) and apple (Fuji) under laboratory conditions. The food preference experiment did not reveal any significant differences, but P. ulmi presented the lowest rate of oviposition in the Concord varietal, demonstrating an oviposition preference in V. vinifera varietals and general preference for apple. Mortality was significantly different between varieties, with the lowest mortality on apple and higher oviposition rate in this host. Higher viability occurred on Merlot and apple. Feeding preference studies are scarce, considering phytophagous mites and grape varieties, although they are important in the development of pest control strategies.
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Agistemus floridanus (Stigmaeidae) as a natural enemy of Panonychus ulmi (Tetranychidae) in vineyards of the Brazilian Southern Region
Phytoparasitica, 2020Co-Authors: Darliane Evangelho Silva, Rita Tatiane Leão Da Silva, Kettlin Ruffatto, Liana Johann, Joseane Moreira Nascimento, Noeli Juarez FerlaAbstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the biology and life table parameters of the predatory mite Agistemus floridanus Gonzalez (Stigmaeidae) feeding on Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae). The experiment was initiated with 34 eggs of A. floridanus isolated in experimental units and maintained in a controlled environment at 25 ± 1 °C, 12 L:12D, and 80 ± 5% relative humidity. The development time of females was 11.7 ± 1.0 days and the immature phase of males 11.2 ± 1.0 days. Adult longevity of females was 17.1 ± 5.3 days, with mean production of 29.2 ± 17.4 eggs/female. Life table parameters obtained were: net reproduction rate ( Ro ) 19.8; mean generation time ( T ) 19.1 days; intrinsic rate of increase ( r _ m ) 0.2 female per female per day; finite rate of increase ( λ ) 1.2 female/female, and population doubling time ( DT ) 4.4 days. Agistemus floridanus demonstrated survival and reproduction capacity when feeding exclusively on P. ulmi .
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ocorrencia do acaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi koch tetranychidae associado a cultura da videira no rio grande do sul brasil
Ciencia Rural, 2008Co-Authors: Noeli Juarez Ferla, Marcos BottonAbstract:The occurrence and the damage caused for the European red spider mite Panonychus ulmi (Koch) associated to the culture of the grapevine are described. The collections had been carried through in 2005-2006 seasons in Vitis vinifera L. of cultivating Merlot in Bento Goncalves and Candiota counties, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The infested leaves had presented bronzing, with spots redly in the adaxial face resulting in the premature fall. This is the first register of the European red mite damaging the culture of the grapevine in Rio Grande do Sul.
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Ocorrência do ácaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) associado à cultura da videira no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Ciência Rural, 2008Co-Authors: Noeli Juarez Ferla, Marcos BottonAbstract:Neste artigo e descrita ocorrencia e o dano causado pelo acaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi (Koch) associado a cultura da videira. As coletas foram realizadas na safra 2005-2006 em Vitis vinifera L. da cultivar Merlot, nos municipios de Bento Goncalves e Candiota, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. As folhas infestadas apresentaram bronzeamento, com manchas avermelhadas na face adaxial, resultando na queda prematura das mesmas. Esse e o primeiro registro do acaro vermelho europeu danificando a cultura da videira no Rio Grande do Sul.
Marcos Botton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ocorrencia do acaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi koch tetranychidae associado a cultura da videira no rio grande do sul brasil
Ciencia Rural, 2008Co-Authors: Noeli Juarez Ferla, Marcos BottonAbstract:The occurrence and the damage caused for the European red spider mite Panonychus ulmi (Koch) associated to the culture of the grapevine are described. The collections had been carried through in 2005-2006 seasons in Vitis vinifera L. of cultivating Merlot in Bento Goncalves and Candiota counties, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The infested leaves had presented bronzing, with spots redly in the adaxial face resulting in the premature fall. This is the first register of the European red mite damaging the culture of the grapevine in Rio Grande do Sul.
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Ocorrência do ácaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) associado à cultura da videira no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Ciência Rural, 2008Co-Authors: Noeli Juarez Ferla, Marcos BottonAbstract:Neste artigo e descrita ocorrencia e o dano causado pelo acaro vermelho europeu Panonychus ulmi (Koch) associado a cultura da videira. As coletas foram realizadas na safra 2005-2006 em Vitis vinifera L. da cultivar Merlot, nos municipios de Bento Goncalves e Candiota, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. As folhas infestadas apresentaram bronzeamento, com manchas avermelhadas na face adaxial, resultando na queda prematura das mesmas. Esse e o primeiro registro do acaro vermelho europeu danificando a cultura da videira no Rio Grande do Sul.
Bahattin Kovanci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Susceptibility of female populations of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to some acaricides in apple orchards
Journal of Pest Science, 2007Co-Authors: Nabi Alper Kumral, Bahattin KovanciAbstract:The levels of susceptibility of adult female European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) populations collected from apple orchards in Bursa region of Turkey, to acaricides, dicofol, bromopropylate and fenpyroximate belong to two different groups and an acaricide–insecticide, amitraz, were determined by a petri leaf disk-Potter spray tower method. When compared with the susceptible population, resistance ratios, as indicated by LC_50 values, ranged from 2.2 to 11.9, 0.8 to 3.6, 1.0 to 22.5 and 0.9 to 7.9, while LC_90 values varied from 1.6 to 9.8, 1.0 to 5.4, 1.0 to 47.4, 1.4 to 36.6, respectively, for amitraz, dicofol, bromopropylate and fenpyroximate. An examination of bioassay responses showed that susceptibility was lower for fenpyroximate and bromopropylate than for the other two compounds in the order of amitraz
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Susceptibility of female populations of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to some acaricides in apple orchards
Journal of Pest Science, 2007Co-Authors: Nabi Alper Kumral, Bahattin KovanciAbstract:The levels of susceptibility of adult female European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) populations collected from apple orchards in Bursa region of Turkey, to acaricides, dicofol, bromopropylate and fenpyroximate belong to two different groups and an acaricide–insecticide, amitraz, were determined by a petri leaf disk-Potter spray tower method. When compared with the susceptible population, resistance ratios, as indicated by LC50 values, ranged from 2.2 to 11.9, 0.8 to 3.6, 1.0 to 22.5 and 0.9 to 7.9, while LC90 values varied from 1.6 to 9.8, 1.0 to 5.4, 1.0 to 47.4, 1.4 to 36.6, respectively, for amitraz, dicofol, bromopropylate and fenpyroximate. An examination of bioassay responses showed that susceptibility was lower for fenpyroximate and bromopropylate than for the other two compounds in the order of amitraz < dicofol. In conclusion, P. ulmi susceptibility to tested compounds varied widely from location to location.
R Engel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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die rolle von ersatznahrung und mikroklima im system typhlodromus pyri scheuten acari phytoseiidae Panonychus ulmi koch acari tetranychidae auf weinreben i untersuchungen im labor
Journal of Applied Entomology, 1994Co-Authors: R Engel, B OhnesorgeAbstract:The role of alternative food and microclimate in the system Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten (Acari, Phytoseiidae)—Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae) on grape vines. I. Laboratory investigations The nutritional value of different food resources for T. pyri occurring on grape vines was tested in feeding experiments. Development and reproduction of the predacious mite were the criteria being studied. The majority of the offered pollen species proved to be of nutritional value to the mites. Pollen from trees and grasses that flower in spring had the best nutritional quality. Pearl hairs from grape leaves and larvae of Drepanothrips reuteri also allowed the reproduction of T. pyri. The most favourable types of food were, however, the eriophyid mites Calepitrimerus vitis and Eriophyes vitis. Panonychus ulmi was of a considerably lower nutritional value. This spider mite was barely accepted by juvenile predacious mites, but also only reluctantly fed upon by adult mites. Tetranychus urticae, on the other hand, was readily accepted. In dual-choice tests, those kinds of food were always preferred which had performed best in the feeding experiments. Electrophoretic analysis of the gut contents of predatory mites, which had been collected in vineyards, showed that pollen from different wind-pollinating species constituted the major part of the predatory mite's diet during the first part of the vegetation period. During the summer, T. pyri fed mainly on eriophyid mites and thrips larvae, if present. Spider mites constituted the major part of the diet from August to the end of the vegetation period. Zusammenfassung Der Wert verschiedener potentieller Nahrungsquellen fur die Ernahrung von T. pyri wurde in Futterungsversuchen gepruft. Als Kriterien dienten Entwicklung und Vermchrung der Raubmilbe. Die Mehrzahl der verfutterten Pollen erwies sich als gute Nahrungsgrundlage. Die hochste Qualitat hatten die Pollen der im Fruhjahr bluhenden Baume und Graser. Auch Perldrusen und Larven des Thrips Drepanothrips reuteri gestatteten der Raubmilbe eine Fortpflanzung. Als beste Nahrung erwiesen sich die Gallmilben Calepitrimerus vitis und Eriophyes vitis. Deutlich schlechtere Ergebnisse wurden bei Verfutterung von Panonychus ulmi erzielt. Diese Spinnmilbe wurde von juvenilen Raubmilben kaum, aber auch von adulten nur ungern angenommen, wahrend Tetranychus urticae durchaus akzeptiert wurde. In Auswahlversuchen wurde diejenige Nahrung bevorzugt, die auch in den Futterungsversuchen das beste Gedeihen gestattete. Mittels elektrophoretischer Untersuchungen konnte nachgewiesen werden, daβ die Pollen der verschiedenen Windbestauber wahrend der ersten Halfte der Vegetationsperiode die dominierende Rolle in der Ernahrung von T. pyri spielten. Wahrend des Hochsommers wurden vor allem Blattgallmilben und Thripslarven dort, wo sie vorhanden waren, verzehrt. Spinnmilben machten erst ab dem Spatsommer den Hauptteil der Nahrung von T. pyri aus.
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Die Rolle von Ersatznahrung und Mikroklima im System Typhlodromus pyri (Acari, Phytoseiidae) —Panonychus ulmi (Acari, Tetranychidae) auf Weinreben
Journal of Applied Entomology, 1994Co-Authors: R Engel, B OhnesorgeAbstract:The role of alternative food and microclimate in the system Typhlodromus pyri (Acari, Phytoseiidae) — Panonychus ulmi (Acari, Tetranychidae) on grape vines. II. Field experiments T. pyri or one of its prey species were removed in experimental plots by partially selective insecticides or acaricides. When T. pyri was removed, pearl hairs of the grape leaves, Drepanothrips reuteri, Eriophyes vitis and Panonychus ulmi could be found in much higher numbers. It can be deduced from this that T. pyri considerably reduces these food resources. On the other hand, the removal of one of these sources resulted in only a slight reduction of the predatory mites density, apparently because the food supply was too abundant and manifold for T. pyri to be much impaired by the lack of one of its components. An artificial improvement of the pollen supply during one summer reduced a decline in the population of T. pyri which was taking place at this time, but it did not prevent it completely. Spider mites were mainly consumed when their population density was high and other food resources were rare. If spider mites and gall mites were concurrently present the consumption of spider mites was somewhat reduced. Investigations of the spatial distribution of the mites within the grape plant and the single leaves showed that the distribution pattern of T. pyri was different from that of P. ulmi. The predatory mites preferred the basal leaves of the plant and especially the central parts of the undersurface of the leaves. The spider mites, on the other hand, preferred the peripheral parts. No influence of microclimate, time of day or weather on the distribution pattern of either the predatory mites or the spider mites could be proven. The roles of the alternative food and the distribution patterns of the mites in the system T. pyri-P. ulmi are discussed. Zusammenfassung In Freilandversuchen wurden T. pyri oder eines ihrer Beutetiere durch teilselektive Insektizide oder Akarizide ausgeschaltet. Wo T. pyri fehlte, waren Perldrusen, Thripse, Blattgallmilben und Spinnmilben in erheblich erhohter Dichte zu finden. Dies last darauf schliesen, das T. pyri unter naturlichen Bedingungen diese Nahrungsquellen in erheblichem Mase dezimiert. Umgekehrt fuhrte die selektive Ausschaltung einer von diesen nur zu einer geringfugigen Verminderung der Raubmilbendichte, ein Zeichen dafur, das auf den Versuchsflachen ein so reichhaltiges und vielfaltiges Nahrungsangebot vorhanden war, das der Wegfall einer einzigen Komponente noch nicht katastrophal fur T. pyri war. Eine kunstliche Erhohung des Pollenangebots im Sommer konnte einen zu dieser Zeit eintretenden Ruckgang der Raubmilbenpopulation zwar vermindern, aber nicht vollstandig verhindern. Spinnmilben wurden vor allem dann gefressen, wenn sie in hoher Populationsdichte vorhanden und andere Nahrungsquellen selten waren. Bei gleichzeitigem reichlichen Vorhandensein von Spinnmilben und Gallmilben war die Spinnmilbenvertilgung etwas reduziert. In Erhebungen zur Milbenverteilung zeigte sich, das T. pyri innerhalb des Rebstocks und insbeson-dere auf dem Blatt selbst ein anderes Verteilungsmuster besitzt als Panonychus ulmi. Die Raubmilben waren eher an den Blattern der Stockbasis bzw. im inneren Bereich der Blattunterseite zu finden, wahrend die Spinnmilben jeweils eher die peripheren Bereiche vorzogen. Ein Einflus des Mikroklimas, der Tageszeit oder der Witterung auf die Verteilungsmuster konnte weder bei den Raubmilben noch bei den Spinnmilben festgestellt werden. Die Rollen der Alternativnahrung und der Verteilungsmuster der Milben im System T. pyri-P. ulmi werden diskutiert.
