The Experts below are selected from a list of 34890 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xiao-nong Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing competence for helminthiases a lesson learnt from national contest of Parasitic Diseases in china in 2012 2016
Acta Tropica, 2019Co-Authors: Yao Ruan, Ting-jun Zhu, Tian Tian, Zelin Zhu, Yuwan Hao, Li Zhang, Liying Wang, Qiang Wang, Chunli Cao, Xiao-nong ZhouAbstract:This study aimed to assess the competency of health professionals on helminthiasis control in China. The assessment system comprised of two parts, one being the parasitological knowledge test and the other a technical skills assessment. The knowledge test mainly examined morphology, epidemiology, life history and diagnosis of common and important parasites. The skills assessment consisted of sample slides making and species identification using microscopy. From 2012 to 2016, a total of 616 participants from different levels of Parasitic Diseases prevention and control departments of CDC took part in the assessment. The results had shown a high level of academic knowledge among participants. Accuracy rates of schistosomiasis, echinococcosis, food-borne helminthiases, and soil-transmitted helminthiasis were all above 60%. This showed an excellent knowledge level of helminthiases by participants. However, among all 616 participants, 94.97% passed the thick-smear passing test (>= 60%), while in microscopy tests the equivalent was only 43.67%. Competencies in different districts varied. It is imperative to set up a North-South skill exchange mechanism of helminthiases diagnostic techniques and to apply new diagnostic tools widely to strengthen helminthiases prevention and control in China.
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world health organization estimates of the global and regional disease burden of 11 foodborne Parasitic Diseases 2010 a data synthesis
PLOS Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Paul R Torgerson, Fumiko Kasuga, Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Arve Lee Willingham, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Nicolas Praet, Niko Speybroeck, Xiao-nong ZhouAbstract:BACKGROUND: Foodborne Diseases are globally important, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Parasitic Diseases often result in high burdens of disease in low and middle income countries and are frequently transmitted to humans via contaminated food. This study presents the first estimates of the global and regional human disease burden of 10 helminth Diseases and toxoplasmosis that may be attributed to contaminated food. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Data were abstracted from 16 systematic reviews or similar studies published between 2010 and 2015; from 5 disease data bases accessed in 2015; and from 79 reports, 73 of which have been published since 2000, 4 published between 1995 and 2000 and 2 published in 1986 and 1981. These included reports from national surveillance systems, journal articles, and national estimates of foodborne Diseases. These data were used to estimate the number of infections, sequelae, deaths, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), by age and region for 2010. These Parasitic Diseases, resulted in 48.4 million cases (95% Uncertainty intervals [UI] of 43.4-79.0 million) and 59,724 (95% UI 48,017-83,616) deaths annually resulting in 8.78 million (95% UI 7.62-12.51 million) DALYs. We estimated that 48% (95% UI 38%-56%) of cases of these Parasitic Diseases were foodborne, resulting in 76% (95% UI 65%-81%) of the DALYs attributable to these Diseases. Overall, foodborne Parasitic disease, excluding enteric protozoa, caused an estimated 23.2 million (95% UI 18.2-38.1 million) cases and 45,927 (95% UI 34,763-59,933) deaths annually resulting in an estimated 6.64 million (95% UI 5.61-8.41 million) DALYs. Foodborne Ascaris infection (12.3 million cases, 95% UI 8.29-22.0 million) and foodborne toxoplasmosis (10.3 million cases, 95% UI 7.40-14.9 million) were the most common foodborne Parasitic Diseases. Human cysticercosis with 2.78 million DALYs (95% UI 2.14-3.61 million), foodborne trematodosis with 2.02 million DALYs (95% UI 1.65-2.48 million) and foodborne toxoplasmosis with 825,000 DALYs (95% UI 561,000-1.26 million) resulted in the highest burdens in terms of DALYs, mainly due to years lived with disability. Foodborne enteric protozoa, reported elsewhere, resulted in an additional 67.2 million illnesses or 492,000 DALYs. Major limitations of our study include often substantial data gaps that had to be filled by imputation and suffer from the uncertainties that surround such models. Due to resource limitations it was also not possible to consider all potentially foodborne parasites (for example Trypanosoma cruzi). CONCLUSIONS: Parasites are frequently transmitted to humans through contaminated food. These estimates represent an important step forward in understanding the impact of foodborne Diseases globally and regionally. The disease burden due to most foodborne parasites is highly focal and results in significant morbidity and mortality among vulnerable populations.
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the global burden of foodborne Parasitic Diseases an update
Trends in Parasitology, 2014Co-Authors: Paul R Torgerson, Xiao-nong Zhou, Nilanthi De Silva, Eric M Fevre, Fumiko Kasuga, Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Banchob Sripa, Neyla Gargouri, Arve Lee WillinghamAbstract:Foodborne Diseases (FBDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the human population. Accurate information on the burden of FBDs is needed to inform policy makers and allocate appropriate resources for food safety control and intervention. Consequently, in 2006 the WHO launched an initiative to estimate the global burden of FBDs in terms of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). This review gives an update of the progress on evaluating the burden of foodborne Parasitic Diseases that has been generated by this study. Results to date indicate that Parasitic Diseases that can be transmitted through food make a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease.
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co infection of tuberculosis and Parasitic Diseases in humans a systematic review
Parasites & Vectors, 2013Co-Authors: Xiao-nong ZhouAbstract:Co-infection of tuberculosis and Parasitic Diseases in humans is an important public problem in co-endemic areas in developing countries. However, there is a paucity of studies on co-infection and even fewer reviews. This review examines 44 appropriate papers by PRISMA from 289 papers searched in PubMed via the NCBI Entrez system (no grey literature) up to December 2012 in order to analyze the factors that influence epidemic and host’s immunity of co-infection. The limited evidence in this review indicates that most common parasite species are concurrent with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in multiple organs; socio-demographics such as gender and age, special populations with susceptibility such as renal transplant recipients, patients on maintenance haemodialysis, HIV positive patients and migrants, and living in or coming from co-endemic areas are all likely to have an impact on co-infection. Pulmonary tuberculosis and Parasitic Diseases were shown to be risk factors for each other. Co-infection may significantly inhibit the host’s immune system, increase antibacterial therapy intolerance and be detrimental to the prognosis of the disease; in addition, infection with Parasitic Diseases can alter the protective immune response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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spatial epidemiology in zoonotic Parasitic Diseases insights gained at the 1st international symposium on geospatial health in lijiang china 2007
Parasites & Vectors, 2009Co-Authors: Xiao-nong Zhou, Guojing Yang, Thomas K Kristensen, Robert N Bergquist, Jurg Utzinger, John B MaloneAbstract:The 1st International Symposium on Geospatial Health was convened in Lijiang, Yunnan province, People's Republic of China from 8 to 9 September, 2007. The objective was to review progress made with the application of spatial techniques on zoonotic Parasitic Diseases, particularly in Southeast Asia. The symposium featured 71 presentations covering soil-transmitted and water-borne helminth infections, as well as arthropod-borne Diseases such as leishmaniasis, malaria and lymphatic filariasis. The work made public at this occasion is briefly summarized here to highlight the advances made and to put forth research priorities in this area. Approaches such as geographical information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and remote sensing (RS), including spatial statistics, web-based GIS and map visualization of field investigations, figured prominently in the presentation.
Merino Santiago - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural- and carotenoid-based throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi reflect different Parasitic Diseases
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019Co-Authors: Megía-palma, Rodrigo M., Martínez Javier, Merino SantiagoAbstract:Host species in populations under strong pressures from Parasitic Diseases may evolve ornaments to signal individual host quality to conspecifics. Colour ornaments in lizards result from the interaction of different layers in the skin. When inner layers of melanin and well-arranged iridophores are combined, UV-blue structural colouration results. On the other hand, when layers of erythrophores are densely loaded with carotenoids, a UV-yellow colouration is seen. The expression of carotenoid-based traits has been frequently studied in relation to parasite infections. However, few studies have explored the relationship between Parasitic Diseases and structural colouration. In this study, we investigated the expression of UV-blue and UV-yellow throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi in relation to infection by haemoparasites, ixodid ticks and intestinal nematodes. The brightness of the UV-yellow throat patch (a carotenoid-based ornament) was positively correlated with body condition and negatively correlated with the number of attached ticks, supporting Hamilton and Zuk’s hypothesis. Additionally, individuals that passed nematode eggs in the faeces had UV-yellow throat patches with higher hue values (more greenish colouration). Strikingly, the individuals infected by haemoparasites of the genus Schellackia showed UV-blue throat patches (a melanin-based ornament) with higher values of both UV-blue chroma and hue (i.e., UV-biased throats) than did uninfected individuals, suggesting a key role for melanin in the nuptial colouration of this lizard species. Thus, the combined information from both UV-blue and UV-yellow throat patches may convey integrative information about individual quality in this lacertid species. Significance statement In this study, we present evidence that the striking throat colouration in males of the endemic Iberian green lizard is related to the presence or load of different parasites. The ornament is composed of one UV-yellow patch and one UV-blue patch, which were differentially related to the presence of different Parasitic Diseases in the individual hosts. These results suggest that different Parasitic Diseases may differentially constrain the expression of these colour patches. Moreover, the combined display of the two throat patches simultaneously may convey to conspecifics integrative information about the individual quality of the Iberian green lizard.Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad provided financial support (project CGL2012-40026-C02-01 to SM and project CGL2012-40026-C02-02 to JM. RM was granted by Spanish Ministerio de Educación with grant number BES-2010-038427).Peer Reviewe
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structural and carotenoid based throat colour patches in males of lacerta schreiberi reflect different Parasitic Diseases
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2016Co-Authors: Megiapalma Rodrigo, Martínez Javier, Merino SantiagoAbstract:Host species in populations under strong pressures from Parasitic Diseases may evolve ornaments to signal individual host quality to conspecifics. Colour ornaments in lizards result from the interaction of different layers in the skin. When inner layers of melanin and well-arranged iridophores are combined, UV-blue structural colouration results. On the other hand, when layers of erythrophores are densely loaded with carotenoids, a UV-yellow colouration is seen. The expression of carotenoid-based traits has been frequently studied in relation to parasite infections. However, few studies have explored the relationship between Parasitic Diseases and structural colouration. In this study, we investigated the expression of UV-blue and UV-yellow throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi in relation to infection by haemoparasites, ixodid ticks and intestinal nematodes. The brightness of the UV-yellow throat patch (a carotenoid-based ornament) was positively correlated with body condition and negatively correlated with the number of attached ticks, supporting Hamilton and Zuk’s hypothesis. Additionally, individuals that passed nematode eggs in the faeces had UV-yellow throat patches with higher hue values (more greenish colouration). Strikingly, the individuals infected by haemoparasites of the genus Schellackia showed UV-blue throat patches (a melanin-based ornament) with higher values of both UV-blue chroma and hue (i.e., UV-biased throats) than did uninfected individuals, suggesting a key role for melanin in the nuptial colouration of this lizard species. Thus, the combined information from both UV-blue and UV-yellow throat patches may convey integrative information about individual quality in this lacertid species.
Megiapalma Rodrigo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structural and carotenoid based throat colour patches in males of lacerta schreiberi reflect different Parasitic Diseases
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2016Co-Authors: Megiapalma Rodrigo, Martínez Javier, Merino SantiagoAbstract:Host species in populations under strong pressures from Parasitic Diseases may evolve ornaments to signal individual host quality to conspecifics. Colour ornaments in lizards result from the interaction of different layers in the skin. When inner layers of melanin and well-arranged iridophores are combined, UV-blue structural colouration results. On the other hand, when layers of erythrophores are densely loaded with carotenoids, a UV-yellow colouration is seen. The expression of carotenoid-based traits has been frequently studied in relation to parasite infections. However, few studies have explored the relationship between Parasitic Diseases and structural colouration. In this study, we investigated the expression of UV-blue and UV-yellow throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi in relation to infection by haemoparasites, ixodid ticks and intestinal nematodes. The brightness of the UV-yellow throat patch (a carotenoid-based ornament) was positively correlated with body condition and negatively correlated with the number of attached ticks, supporting Hamilton and Zuk’s hypothesis. Additionally, individuals that passed nematode eggs in the faeces had UV-yellow throat patches with higher hue values (more greenish colouration). Strikingly, the individuals infected by haemoparasites of the genus Schellackia showed UV-blue throat patches (a melanin-based ornament) with higher values of both UV-blue chroma and hue (i.e., UV-biased throats) than did uninfected individuals, suggesting a key role for melanin in the nuptial colouration of this lizard species. Thus, the combined information from both UV-blue and UV-yellow throat patches may convey integrative information about individual quality in this lacertid species.
Martínez Javier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structural- and carotenoid-based throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi reflect different Parasitic Diseases
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2019Co-Authors: Megía-palma, Rodrigo M., Martínez Javier, Merino SantiagoAbstract:Host species in populations under strong pressures from Parasitic Diseases may evolve ornaments to signal individual host quality to conspecifics. Colour ornaments in lizards result from the interaction of different layers in the skin. When inner layers of melanin and well-arranged iridophores are combined, UV-blue structural colouration results. On the other hand, when layers of erythrophores are densely loaded with carotenoids, a UV-yellow colouration is seen. The expression of carotenoid-based traits has been frequently studied in relation to parasite infections. However, few studies have explored the relationship between Parasitic Diseases and structural colouration. In this study, we investigated the expression of UV-blue and UV-yellow throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi in relation to infection by haemoparasites, ixodid ticks and intestinal nematodes. The brightness of the UV-yellow throat patch (a carotenoid-based ornament) was positively correlated with body condition and negatively correlated with the number of attached ticks, supporting Hamilton and Zuk’s hypothesis. Additionally, individuals that passed nematode eggs in the faeces had UV-yellow throat patches with higher hue values (more greenish colouration). Strikingly, the individuals infected by haemoparasites of the genus Schellackia showed UV-blue throat patches (a melanin-based ornament) with higher values of both UV-blue chroma and hue (i.e., UV-biased throats) than did uninfected individuals, suggesting a key role for melanin in the nuptial colouration of this lizard species. Thus, the combined information from both UV-blue and UV-yellow throat patches may convey integrative information about individual quality in this lacertid species. Significance statement In this study, we present evidence that the striking throat colouration in males of the endemic Iberian green lizard is related to the presence or load of different parasites. The ornament is composed of one UV-yellow patch and one UV-blue patch, which were differentially related to the presence of different Parasitic Diseases in the individual hosts. These results suggest that different Parasitic Diseases may differentially constrain the expression of these colour patches. Moreover, the combined display of the two throat patches simultaneously may convey to conspecifics integrative information about the individual quality of the Iberian green lizard.Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad provided financial support (project CGL2012-40026-C02-01 to SM and project CGL2012-40026-C02-02 to JM. RM was granted by Spanish Ministerio de Educación with grant number BES-2010-038427).Peer Reviewe
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structural and carotenoid based throat colour patches in males of lacerta schreiberi reflect different Parasitic Diseases
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2016Co-Authors: Megiapalma Rodrigo, Martínez Javier, Merino SantiagoAbstract:Host species in populations under strong pressures from Parasitic Diseases may evolve ornaments to signal individual host quality to conspecifics. Colour ornaments in lizards result from the interaction of different layers in the skin. When inner layers of melanin and well-arranged iridophores are combined, UV-blue structural colouration results. On the other hand, when layers of erythrophores are densely loaded with carotenoids, a UV-yellow colouration is seen. The expression of carotenoid-based traits has been frequently studied in relation to parasite infections. However, few studies have explored the relationship between Parasitic Diseases and structural colouration. In this study, we investigated the expression of UV-blue and UV-yellow throat colour patches in males of Lacerta schreiberi in relation to infection by haemoparasites, ixodid ticks and intestinal nematodes. The brightness of the UV-yellow throat patch (a carotenoid-based ornament) was positively correlated with body condition and negatively correlated with the number of attached ticks, supporting Hamilton and Zuk’s hypothesis. Additionally, individuals that passed nematode eggs in the faeces had UV-yellow throat patches with higher hue values (more greenish colouration). Strikingly, the individuals infected by haemoparasites of the genus Schellackia showed UV-blue throat patches (a melanin-based ornament) with higher values of both UV-blue chroma and hue (i.e., UV-biased throats) than did uninfected individuals, suggesting a key role for melanin in the nuptial colouration of this lizard species. Thus, the combined information from both UV-blue and UV-yellow throat patches may convey integrative information about individual quality in this lacertid species.
Pierremarie Preux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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associations of mental disorders and neurotropic Parasitic Diseases a meta analysis in developing and emerging countries
BMC Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Labante Outcha Dare, Pierreemile Bruand, Daniel Gerard, Benoit Marin, Valerie Lameyre, Farid Boumediene, Pierremarie PreuxAbstract:Although they are declining worldwide, neurotropic Parasitic Diseases are still common in developing and emerging countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence and pooled association measures of comorbidities between mental disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia) and neurotropic Parasitic Diseases (malaria, cysticercosis, toxoplasmosis, human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, and human toxocariasis) in developing and emerging countries. As the first meta-analysis on this topic, this study was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (N°CRD42017056521). The Medline, Embase, Lilacs, and Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology databases were used to search for articles without any restriction in language or date. We evaluated the quality of studies independently by two investigators using the Downs and Black assessment grid and pooled estimates using the random-effects method from CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis) Version 3.0. In total, 18 studies published between 1997 and 2016 met our inclusion criteria. We found that the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people suffering from Chagas disease and/or neurocysticercosis was 44.9% (95% CI, 34.4–55.9). In 16 pooled studies that included 1782 people with mental disorders and 1776 controls, toxoplasmosis and/or toxocariasis were associated with increased risk of schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorders (odds ratio = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.7–3.2). Finally, toxocariasis and/or toxoplasmosis were associated with an increased risk of the onset of schizophrenia (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.7–3.4). Our pooled estimates show that the associations between Diseases studied are relatively high in developing and emerging countries. This meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that toxoplasmosis could be the cause of schizophrenia. These findings could prove useful to researchers who want to further explore and understand the associations studied.
