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Judith G Smetana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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beliefs about Parental Authority legitimacy among refugee youth in jordan between and within person variations
Developmental Psychology, 2016Co-Authors: Judith G Smetana, Ikhlas Ahmad, Laura WraylakeAbstract:We examined within- and between-person variations in Parental legitimacy beliefs in a sample of 883 Arab refugee youth (M(age) = 15.01 years, SD = 1.60), 277 Iraqis, 275 Syrians, and 331 Palestinians, in Amman, Jordan. Latent profile analyses of 22 belief items yielded 4 profiles of youth. The normative profile (67% of the sample, n = 585) most strongly endorsed Parental Authority legitimacy for prudential (risky) items, followed by moral, conventional, and then friendship items, with legitimacy lowest for personal items. The low-normative profile (10%, n = 85) followed a similar pattern, although legitimacy ratings were significantly lower than normative youth for most items, but not the personal ones. Rebellious youth (11%, n = 96) held deviant peer values; they endorsed less legitimacy, particularly for prudential and friendship items, than did youth in other profiles. Mixed youth (12%, n = 101) were similar to rebellious youth in some judgments and ryouth in others. Profile membership did not differ by adolescents' age or Parental socioeconomic status but did differ by gender and national background. Youth fitting the normative (and to some extent, the low-normative) profile rated parents higher in support, behavioral control, and knowledge of adolescents' activities and lower in psychological control-disrespect and harsh punishment than did rebellious or mixed youth. Normative (and also, but less consistently, low-normative) youth reported better psychosocial adjustment across multiple measures than did rebellious and mixed youth. (PsycINFO Database Record(c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved). Language: en
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beliefs about Parental Authority parenting styles and parent adolescent conflict among iranian mothers of middle adolescents
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2011Co-Authors: Seyed Mohammad Assadi, Judith G Smetana, Nazila Shahmansouri, Mohammad MohammadiAbstract:Associations among parenting styles, Parental Authority beliefs, and adolescent—parent conflict were examined in 426 mothers of middle adolescents from 3 cities in Iran. Consistent with past research, mothers judged Parental Authority as less legitimate for personal than for conventional or prudential issues. Poorer, less educated mothers were more authoritarian in their parenting, and more authoritarian and less authoritative parenting and poorer maternal mental health were uniquely associated with more frequent and more intense conflicts. Conflicts were more frequent among mothers who evaluated Parental Authority as less legitimate for prudential issues and more legitimate for personal issues, particularly among mothers of boys. Despite broad variation in mothers’ education and social class, conflicts reflected concerns about drawing boundaries between mothers’ legitimate Authority and adolescents’ personal jurisdiction.
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changing boundaries of Parental Authority during adolescence
2005Co-Authors: Judith G SmetanaAbstract:This volume describes research focusing on changes in different dimensions of parenting and conceptions of Parental Authority during adolescence. The seven chapters illuminate the dimensions of parenting that change (or remain stable) over the course of adolescence. The chapters also highlight the importance of considering variations in parenting according to the different domains of adolescents lives, their relationships to the development of responsibility automony, and how these are influenced by socioeconomic status, culture, and ethnicity. Thus, the chapters in this volume provide new directions for conceptualizing variations in parenting over the second decade of life and their implicaions for adolescent adjustment and well being. The authors point to the need for developmentally sensitive models of parenting that consider changes within domains over time, their influence on adolescent development and functioning, and potential asynchronies between parents and adolescents. This is the 108th volume of the Jossey Bass quarterly report series "New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development".
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middle class african american adolescents and parents conceptions of Parental Authority and parenting practices a longitudinal investigation
Child Development, 2000Co-Authors: Judith G SmetanaAbstract:Conceptions of Parental Authority and ratings of Parental rules and decision making were examined longitudinally among 82 middle-class African American adolescents and their parents (82 mothers and 52 fathers), who were divided into two groups according to family income. Adolescents were, on average, 13.14 years of age at Time 1 and 15.05 years of age at Time 2. Nearly all adolescents and parents affirmed parents' legitimate Authority to regulate (and children's obligation to comply with) rules regarding moral, conventional, prudential, friendship, and multifaceted issues, but they were more equivocal in their judgments regarding personal issues. With age, adolescents increasingly judged personal issues to be beyond the bounds of legitimate Parental Authority, but judgments differed by family income. Adolescents from upper income families rejected parents' legitimate Authority to regulate personal issues more at Time 1 than did adolescents from middle income families, but no differences were found at Time 2. Authority to regulate adolescents' behavior did not extend to other adults or to schools, churches, and the law. With adolescents' increasing age, African American families became less restrictive in regulating prudential, friendship, multifaceted, and personal issues. Adolescents', mothers', and fathers' judgments demonstrated significant continuity over time, but few cross- or within-generation associations in judgments were found. Conceptions of legitimate Parental Authority at Time 1 were found to predict family rules at Time 2.
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parenting styles and conceptions of Parental Authority during adolescence
Child Development, 1995Co-Authors: Judith G SmetanaAbstract:Reports of parenting styles were assessed in 110 primarily white, middle-class sixth, eighth, and tenth graders (M= 11.98, 13.84, and 16.18 years of age) and their parents (108 mothers and 92 fathers). Parents judged the legitimacy of Parental Authority and rated family conflict and rules regarding 24 hypothetical moral, conventional, personal, multifaceted (containing conventional and personal components), prudential, and friendship issues. Adolescents viewed their parents as more permissive and more authoritarian than parents viewed themselves, whereas parents viewed themselves as more authoritative than did adolescents. Parents' parenting styles differentiated their conceptions of Parental Authority, but adolescents' perceptions did not. Differences were primarily over the boundaries of adolescents' personal jurisdiction. Furthermore, conceptions of Parental Authority and parenting styles both contributed significantly to emotional autonomy and adolescent-parent conflict. The implications of the findings for typological models of parenting and distinct domain views of social-cognitive development are discussed.
Loreto M Martinez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interactive associations of Parental support demands and psychological control over adolescents beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority
Journal of Adolescence, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Mellado, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Abstract The present study examined the relationship between Parental support, demand, psychological control and adolescents' beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority for personal and multifaceted issues in a sample of 1342 Chilean adolescents (M = 16.38, SD = 1.24, age range 14–20). Results from multiple regression analyses separated by age indicated that demand was positively associated with adolescents' beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority for personal and multifaceted issues and that psychological control was negatively associated with adolescents' legitimacy beliefs concerning personal issues. Furthermore, Parental support moderated the relationship between Parental demand and adolescents' beliefs about Parental legitimacy for personal and multifaceted issues: those who display high levels of demand showed stronger beliefs about Parental legitimacy at high level of support. These results support the interactive effect of Parental support and demand on adolescent development.
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individual differences in adolescents beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey a longitudinal investigation
Child Development, 2008Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey were examined in 568 Chilean adolescents (11–14 years old at Wave 1), followed once a year for 4 years. Adolescents’ beliefs about Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey declined with age. The steepest decline occurred during early adolescence, particularly in the personal domain. Adolescents who were uninvolved in problem behavior and perceived their parents to be supportive or high in monitoring at Wave 1 were more likely to endorse Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey over time. There was little evidence that parenting or problem behavior moderated the normative decline in adolescents’ beliefs about Parental Authority. Findings concerning individual differences in adolescents’ endorsement of Parental Authority are highlighted in this study.
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adolescents as active agents in the socialization process legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey as predictors of obedience
Journal of Adolescence, 2007Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Abstract Adolescents’ agreement with Parental standards and beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey were used to predict adolescents’ obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, rules, and rule enforcement. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict both between-adolescent and within-adolescent, issue-specific differences in obedience in a sample of 703 Chilean adolescents ( M age=15.0 years). Adolescents’ global agreement with parents and global beliefs about their obligation to obey predicted between-adolescent obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, age, and gender. Adolescents’ issue-specific agreement, legitimacy beliefs, and obligation to obey predicted issue-specific obedience, controlling for rules and parents’ reports of rule enforcement. The potential of examining adolescents’ agreement and beliefs about Authority as a key link between parenting practices and adolescents’ decisions to obey is discussed.
Patricio Cumsille - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interactive associations of Parental support demands and psychological control over adolescents beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority
Journal of Adolescence, 2018Co-Authors: Carlos Mellado, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Abstract The present study examined the relationship between Parental support, demand, psychological control and adolescents' beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority for personal and multifaceted issues in a sample of 1342 Chilean adolescents (M = 16.38, SD = 1.24, age range 14–20). Results from multiple regression analyses separated by age indicated that demand was positively associated with adolescents' beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority for personal and multifaceted issues and that psychological control was negatively associated with adolescents' legitimacy beliefs concerning personal issues. Furthermore, Parental support moderated the relationship between Parental demand and adolescents' beliefs about Parental legitimacy for personal and multifaceted issues: those who display high levels of demand showed stronger beliefs about Parental legitimacy at high level of support. These results support the interactive effect of Parental support and demand on adolescent development.
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Heterogeneity and change in the patterning of adolescents' perceptions of the legitimacy of Parental Authority
Child Development, 2009Co-Authors: Patricio Cumsille, Nancy Darling, Brian P. Flaherty, María Loreto MartínezAbstract:Changes in the patterning of adolescents' beliefs about the legitimate domains of Parental Authority were modeled in 2,611 Chilean adolescents, 11-16 years old. Transitions in adolescents' belief patterns were studied over 3 years. Latent transition analysis (LTA) revealed 3 distinct patterns of beliefs-parent control, shared control, and personal control-that differed in the extent to which adolescents believed that parents had legitimate Authority over personal, prudential, and multidomain issues. Younger adolescents with fewer problem behaviors, higher self-efficacy, and more Parental rules were more likely to espouse the parent control belief pattern. Adolescents' patterning of beliefs was relatively stable over time. Older adolescents with more problem behaviors and fewer Parental rules were most likely to move away from the Parental control status.
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heterogeneity and change in the patterning of adolescents perceptions of the legitimacy of Parental Authority a latent transition model
Child Development, 2009Co-Authors: Patricio Cumsille, Nancy Darling, Brian P. Flaherty, María Loreto MartínezAbstract:Changes in the patterning of adolescents' beliefs about the legitimate domains of Parental Authority were modeled in 2,611 Chilean adolescents, 11-16 years old. Transitions in adolescents' belief patterns were studied over 3 years. Latent transition analysis (LTA) revealed 3 distinct patterns of beliefs-parent control, shared control, and personal control-that differed in the extent to which adolescents believed that parents had legitimate Authority over personal, prudential, and multidomain issues. Younger adolescents with fewer problem behaviors, higher self-efficacy, and more Parental rules were more likely to espouse the parent control belief pattern. Adolescents' patterning of beliefs was relatively stable over time. Older adolescents with more problem behaviors and fewer Parental rules were most likely to move away from the Parental control status.
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individual differences in adolescents beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey a longitudinal investigation
Child Development, 2008Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey were examined in 568 Chilean adolescents (11–14 years old at Wave 1), followed once a year for 4 years. Adolescents’ beliefs about Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey declined with age. The steepest decline occurred during early adolescence, particularly in the personal domain. Adolescents who were uninvolved in problem behavior and perceived their parents to be supportive or high in monitoring at Wave 1 were more likely to endorse Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey over time. There was little evidence that parenting or problem behavior moderated the normative decline in adolescents’ beliefs about Parental Authority. Findings concerning individual differences in adolescents’ endorsement of Parental Authority are highlighted in this study.
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adolescents as active agents in the socialization process legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey as predictors of obedience
Journal of Adolescence, 2007Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Abstract Adolescents’ agreement with Parental standards and beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey were used to predict adolescents’ obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, rules, and rule enforcement. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict both between-adolescent and within-adolescent, issue-specific differences in obedience in a sample of 703 Chilean adolescents ( M age=15.0 years). Adolescents’ global agreement with parents and global beliefs about their obligation to obey predicted between-adolescent obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, age, and gender. Adolescents’ issue-specific agreement, legitimacy beliefs, and obligation to obey predicted issue-specific obedience, controlling for rules and parents’ reports of rule enforcement. The potential of examining adolescents’ agreement and beliefs about Authority as a key link between parenting practices and adolescents’ decisions to obey is discussed.
Christine Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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perceived legitimacy of Parental Authority and tobacco and alcohol use during early adolescence
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2002Co-Authors: Christine JacksonAbstract:Purpose: To assess the likelihood that young adolescents perceive that parents have legitimate Authority regarding cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption; to test whether perceived Parental Authority predicts adolescents’ use of tobacco and alcohol, and to test the association between parenting style and the legitimacy of Parental Authority regarding tobacco and alcohol. Methods: Survey data were obtained in 1997 from 1220 sixth and eighth grade adolescents enrolled in a central North Carolina school district. The sample comprised 72.3% of 1687 eligible students and 92.3% of 1321 students with Parental consent; 83.8% of the sample was European-American and 16.2% African-American. Students completed self-report questionnaires administered in classrooms. Logistic regression models were used to test the study hypotheses. Results: Adolescents were significantly more likely to legitimize Parental Authority regarding tobacco and alcohol than Parental Authority regarding conventional or contemporary issues. Failure to legitimize Parental Authority was associated with significantly greater odds of current smoking (OR 4.06; p < .000) or drinking (OR 3.81; p < .000) among all respondents, and significantly greater odds of intending to smoke (OR 3.38; p < .000) or drink (OR 3.38; p < .000) among abstinent respondents. Adolescents’ perceptions of Parental Authority regarding tobacco and alcohol varied significantly by parenting style. Conclusions: The results discredit the myth that adolescents uniformly disregard Parental values and rules regarding tobacco and alcohol. The results also showed that general parenting style covaried strongly with adolescents’ perceptions of Parental Authority regarding substance use. Additional research is warranted to test for causal relations between general parenting style, adolescents’ perceptions of Parental Authority regarding substance use, and adolescents’ risk of substance use. © Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2002
Nancy Darling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Heterogeneity and change in the patterning of adolescents' perceptions of the legitimacy of Parental Authority
Child Development, 2009Co-Authors: Patricio Cumsille, Nancy Darling, Brian P. Flaherty, María Loreto MartínezAbstract:Changes in the patterning of adolescents' beliefs about the legitimate domains of Parental Authority were modeled in 2,611 Chilean adolescents, 11-16 years old. Transitions in adolescents' belief patterns were studied over 3 years. Latent transition analysis (LTA) revealed 3 distinct patterns of beliefs-parent control, shared control, and personal control-that differed in the extent to which adolescents believed that parents had legitimate Authority over personal, prudential, and multidomain issues. Younger adolescents with fewer problem behaviors, higher self-efficacy, and more Parental rules were more likely to espouse the parent control belief pattern. Adolescents' patterning of beliefs was relatively stable over time. Older adolescents with more problem behaviors and fewer Parental rules were most likely to move away from the Parental control status.
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heterogeneity and change in the patterning of adolescents perceptions of the legitimacy of Parental Authority a latent transition model
Child Development, 2009Co-Authors: Patricio Cumsille, Nancy Darling, Brian P. Flaherty, María Loreto MartínezAbstract:Changes in the patterning of adolescents' beliefs about the legitimate domains of Parental Authority were modeled in 2,611 Chilean adolescents, 11-16 years old. Transitions in adolescents' belief patterns were studied over 3 years. Latent transition analysis (LTA) revealed 3 distinct patterns of beliefs-parent control, shared control, and personal control-that differed in the extent to which adolescents believed that parents had legitimate Authority over personal, prudential, and multidomain issues. Younger adolescents with fewer problem behaviors, higher self-efficacy, and more Parental rules were more likely to espouse the parent control belief pattern. Adolescents' patterning of beliefs was relatively stable over time. Older adolescents with more problem behaviors and fewer Parental rules were most likely to move away from the Parental control status.
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individual differences in adolescents beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey a longitudinal investigation
Child Development, 2008Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey were examined in 568 Chilean adolescents (11–14 years old at Wave 1), followed once a year for 4 years. Adolescents’ beliefs about Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey declined with age. The steepest decline occurred during early adolescence, particularly in the personal domain. Adolescents who were uninvolved in problem behavior and perceived their parents to be supportive or high in monitoring at Wave 1 were more likely to endorse Parental legitimacy and obligation to obey over time. There was little evidence that parenting or problem behavior moderated the normative decline in adolescents’ beliefs about Parental Authority. Findings concerning individual differences in adolescents’ endorsement of Parental Authority are highlighted in this study.
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adolescents as active agents in the socialization process legitimacy of Parental Authority and obligation to obey as predictors of obedience
Journal of Adolescence, 2007Co-Authors: Nancy Darling, Patricio Cumsille, Loreto M MartinezAbstract:Abstract Adolescents’ agreement with Parental standards and beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority and their own obligation to obey were used to predict adolescents’ obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, rules, and rule enforcement. Hierarchical linear models were used to predict both between-adolescent and within-adolescent, issue-specific differences in obedience in a sample of 703 Chilean adolescents ( M age=15.0 years). Adolescents’ global agreement with parents and global beliefs about their obligation to obey predicted between-adolescent obedience, controlling for Parental monitoring, age, and gender. Adolescents’ issue-specific agreement, legitimacy beliefs, and obligation to obey predicted issue-specific obedience, controlling for rules and parents’ reports of rule enforcement. The potential of examining adolescents’ agreement and beliefs about Authority as a key link between parenting practices and adolescents’ decisions to obey is discussed.
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Chilean adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority: Individual and age-related differences:
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2006Co-Authors: Patricio Cumsille, Nancy Darling, Brian P. Flaherty, M. Loreto MartínezAbstract:Individual and age-related differences in the patterning of adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority were examined in a sample of 3425 Chilean adolescents (Mage = 15.0). During early, middle, and late adolescence, three analogous patterns of beliefs about the legitimacy of Parental Authority were identified using latent class analysis (LCA). Youth in the Parental Control class ceded parents legitimate control over issues in the multi-faceted and prudential domains and were relatively likely to cede Parental control over the personal domain. Those in the Shared Control class differentiated the prudential from other domains. Those in the Personal Control class denied parents legitimate Authority over issues in all domains. Within analogous classes, younger adolescents were more likely to grant parents legitimate Authority than older adolescents. Results are consistent with prior research documenting age-related differences, but raise important questions about the normative nature of a...
