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Mikiko Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Localization of β-Catenin and Islet in the Pelvic Fin Field in Zebrafish.
Zoological science, 2019Co-Authors: Yuuta Moriyama, Hilda Mardiana Pratiwi, Shogo Ueda, Mikiko TanakaAbstract:In zebrafish, Pelvic Fin buds appear at 3 weeks post fertilization (wpf) during the larval to juvenile transition (metamorphosis), but their fate is already determined during embryogenesis. Thus, presumptive Pelvic Fin cells appear to memorize their positional information for three weeks, but no factors expressed in the Pelvic Fin field from the embryonic to the metamorphic stages have been identified. In mice, Islet1 is proposed to promote nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in the hindlimb field, which leads to the initiation of hindlimb bud outgrowth through activation of the Wnt/βcatenin pathway. Here, we examined the distribution of β-catenin and islet proteins in the Pelvic Fin field of zebrafish from the embryonic to the metamorphic stages. We found that transcripts of islet2a, but not islet1, are detected in the posterior lateral plate mesoderm, including the presumptive Pelvic Fin field, at the embryonic stage as well as in the Pelvic Fin bud at the metamorphic stage. Immunolocalization revealed that β-catenin and islet proteins, which are synthesized during the embryonic stage, remain in the cytoplasm of the presumptive Pelvic Fin cells during the larval stage, and are then translocated into the nuclei of the Pelvic Fin bud at the metamorphic stage. We propose that cytoplasmic localization of these proteins in the presumptive Pelvic Fin cells that remained during the larval stage may underlie the mechanism by which Pelvic Fin cells memorize their positional information from the embryonic stage to the metamorphic stage.
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Anterior migration of lateral plate mesodermal cells during embryogenesis of the pufferfish Takifugu niphobles: insight into the rostral positioning of Pelvic Fins.
Journal of anatomy, 2015Co-Authors: Mikiko Tanaka, Daisuke KurokawaAbstract:In vertebrates, paired appendages (limbs and Fins) are derived from the somatic mesoderm subsequent to the separation of the lateral plate mesoderm into somatic and splanchnic layers. This is less clear for teleosts, however, because the developmental processes of separation into two layers and of extension over the yolk have rarely been studied. During teleost evolution, the position of Pelvic Fins has generally shifted rostrally (Rosen; Nelson, 1982, 1994), although at the early embryonic stage the presumptive Pelvic Fin cells are initially located near the future anus region - the anterior border of hoxc10a expression in the spinal cord - regardless of their Final destination. Our previous studies in zebrafish (abdominal Pelvic Fins) and Nile tilapia (thoracic Pelvic Fins) showed that the presumptive Pelvic Fin cells shift their position with respect to the body trunk after its protrusion from the yolk surface. Furthermore, in Nile tilapia, presumptive Pelvic Fin cells migrate anteriorly on the yolk surface. Here, we examined the embryonic development of the lateral plate mesoderm at histological levels in the pufferfish Takifugu niphobles, which belongs to the highly derived teleost order Tetraodontiformes, and lacks Pelvic Fins. Our results show that, in T. niphobles, the lateral plate mesoderm bulges out as two separate layers of cells alongside the body trunk prior to its further extension to cover the yolk sphere. Once the lateral plate mesoderm extends laterally, it rapidly covers the surface of the yolk. Furthermore, cells located near the anterior border of hoxc10a expression in the spinal cord reach the anterior-most region of the yolk surface. In light of our previous and current studies, we propose that anterior migration of presumptive Pelvic Fin cells might be required for them to reach the thoracic or more anterior positions as is seen in other highly derived teleost groups.
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Development of the lateral plate mesoderm in medaka Oryzias latipes and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus: insight into the diversification of Pelvic Fin position
Journal of anatomy, 2014Co-Authors: Hiroki Kaneko, Koji Fujimura, Yuki Nakatani, Mikiko TanakaAbstract:The position of the Pelvic Fins among teleost fishes has tended to shift rostrally during evolution. This positional shift seems to have led to the diversification of feeding behavior and allowed adaptation to new environments. To understand the developmental basis of this shift in Pelvic Fin position among teleosts, we investigated the embryonic development of the lateral plate mesoderm, which gives rise to the Pelvic Fins, at histological levels in the medaka Oryzias latipes (abdominal Pelvic Fins) and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (thoracic Pelvic Fins). Our histological analyses revealed that the lateral plate mesodermal cells expand not only ventrally but also rostrally to cover the yolk during embryogenesis of both medaka and Nile tilapia. In medaka, we also found that the lateral plate mesoderm completely covered the yolk prior to the initiation of the Pelvic Fin buds, whereas in Nile tilapia the Pelvic Fin buds appeared in the body wall from the lateral plate mesoderm at the thoracic level when the lateral plate mesodermal cells only covered one-third of the yolk. We discuss the relevance of such differences in the rate of the lateral plate mesoderm expansion on the yolk surface and the position of the Pelvic Fins.
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Revealing the mechanisms of the rostral shift of Pelvic Fins among teleost fishes.
Evolution & development, 2011Co-Authors: Mikiko TanakaAbstract:SUMMARY In teleost fishes, the position of the Pelvic Fins shift during evolution; this positional shift seems to have diversified their locomotion and feeding behavior, thereby expanding the habitats of these fishes. Thus, such a positional shift of the Pelvic Fins is one of the significant features of teleost fishes from evolutionary, embryological, and taxonomic viewpoints, but no studies to date have investigated the mechanism for the rostral shift of the Pelvic Fins from the anal region in teleosts. Examining the fate of the prospective Pelvic Fin cells of the zebrafish Danio rerio and the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus embryos demonstrates that the prospective Pelvic Fin cells are originally located near the anus, as seen in tetrapods, but their position shifts with respect to the body trunk after its protrusion from the yolk surface. In this article, we highlight such recent Findings and discuss the mechanisms of Pelvic Fin evolution among teleost fishes.
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Allometric growth of the trunk leads to the rostral shift of the Pelvic Fin in teleost fishes.
Developmental biology, 2010Co-Authors: Yumie Murata, Mika Tamura, Yusuke Aita, Koji Fujimura, Yasunori Murakami, Masataka Okabe, Norihiro Okada, Mikiko TanakaAbstract:The Pelvic Fin position among teleost fishes has shifted rostrally during evolution, resulting in diversification of both behavior and habitat. We explored the developmental basis for the rostral shift in Pelvic Fin position in teleost fishes using zebrafish (abdominal Pelvic Fins) and Nile tilapia (thoracic Pelvic Fins). Cell fate mapping experiments revealed that changes in the distribution of lateral plate mesodermal cells accompany the trunk-tail protrusion. Presumptive Pelvic Fin cells are originally located at the body wall adjacent to the anterior limit of hoxc10a expression in the spinal cord, and their position shifts rostrally as the trunk grows. We then showed that the differences in Pelvic Fin position between zebrafish and Nile tilapia were not due to changes in expression or function of gdf11. We also found that hox-independent motoneurons located above the Pelvic Fins innervate into the Pelvic musculature. Our results suggest that there is a common mechanism among teleosts and tetrapods that controls paired appendage positioning via gdf11, but in teleost fishes the position of prospective Pelvic Fin cells on the yolk surface shifts as the trunk grows. In addition, teleost motoneurons, which lack lateral motor columns, innervate the Pelvic Fins in a manner independent of the rostral-caudal patterns of hox expression in the spinal cord.
Emily M. Standen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Muscle activity and hydrodynamic function of Pelvic Fins in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
The Journal of experimental biology, 2010Co-Authors: Emily M. StandenAbstract:Contrary to the previous premise that Pelvic Fins lacked obvious function, recent work on three-dimensional Fin motions suggests that Pelvic Fins actively control stability and speed in slowly swimming trout. This study used electromyography to measure Pelvic Fin muscle activity and particle imaging velocimetry to quantify flow along the ventral body region to test this hypothesis. Fish swam at slow speeds (0.13-1.36 BL s(-1)) while being filmed with three high speed cameras. Three-dimensional kinematics were captured for all trials. During EMG trials Pelvic Fin muscle activity was synchronized to kinematic motion, during particle imaging velocimetry trials, a laser light-sheet was used to visualize the flow surrounding the ventral aspect of the fish. Four main conclusions are reached: first, Pelvic Fins are actively oscillated during slow-speed swimming; antagonistic abductor and adductor muscles contracted simultaneously, their collective action producing a unique contralateral oscillating behaviour in the Fins. Second, Pelvic Fins slow the flow along the ventral side affecting pitch and yaw instabilities; flow upstream of the Pelvic Fins is slowed by 0.02 m s(-1) and flow downstream of the Pelvic Fins is slowed by 0.034 m s(-1) compared with free stream flow. Third, Pelvic Fin wake influences anal Fin angle of attack; flow angle in the wake of the Pelvic Fin was 33.84+/-2.4 deg. (max) and -11.83+/-11.2 deg. (min) compared with the free stream flow angle of 1.27+/-0.1 deg. Fourth, Pelvic Fins appear to actively damp body oscillation during slow-speed swimming, providing drag to help control speed and stabilize the body position during slow-speed swimming.
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Pelvic Fin locomotor function in fishes: three-dimensional kinematics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Journal of Experimental Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Emily M. StandenAbstract:SUMMARY The paired Pelvic Fins in fishes have been the subject of few studies. Early work that amputated Pelvic Fins concluded that these Fins had very limited, and mainly passive, stabilizing function during locomotion. This paper is the first to use three-dimensional kinematic analysis of paired Pelvic Fins to formulate hypotheses of Pelvic Fin function. Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were filmed swimming steadily at slow speeds (0.13–1.36 BL s –1 ) and during manoeuvres (0.21–0.84 BL s –1 ) in a variable speed flow tank. Two high-speed cameras filmed ventral and lateral views simultaneously, enabling three-dimensional analysis of Fin motion. During steady swimming, Pelvic Fins oscillate in a regular contralateral cycle. This cyclic oscillation appears to have active and passive components, and may function to dampen body oscillation and stabilize body position. During manoeuvres, Pelvic Fins move variably but appear to act as trimming foils, helping to stabilize and return the body to a steady swimming posture after a manoeuvre has been initiated. Fins on the inside of the turn move differently from those on the outside of the turn, creating an asymmetric motion. This paper challenges the understanding that Pelvic Fins have a limited and passive function by proposing three new hypotheses. First, Pelvic Fins in rainbow trout have complex three-dimensional kinematics during slow-speed steady swimming and manoeuvres. Second, Pelvic Fins are moved actively against imposed hydrodynamic loads. Third, Pelvic Fins appear to produce powered correction forces during steady swimming and trim correction forces during manoeuvres.
Peter D. Currie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic basis of hindlimb loss in a naturally occurring vertebrate model
Biology open, 2016Co-Authors: Emily K. Don, Thomas E. Hall, Tanya A. De Jong-curtain, Karen Doggett, Benjamin Heng, Andrew P. Badrock, Claire Winnick, Garth A. Nicholson, Gilles J. Guillemin, Peter D. CurrieAbstract:Here we genetically characterise Pelvic Finless, a naturally occurring model of hindlimb loss in zebrafish that lacks Pelvic Fin structures, which are homologous to tetrapod hindlimbs, but displays no other abnormalities. Using a hybrid positional cloning and next generation sequencing approach, we identified mutations in the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of T-box transcription factor 4 (Tbx4) that impair nuclear localisation of the protein, resulting in altered gene expression patterns during Pelvic Fin development and the failure of Pelvic Fin development. Using a TALEN-induced tbx4 knockout allele we confirm that mutations within the Tbx4 NLS (A78V; G79A) are sufficient to disrupt Pelvic Fin development. By combining histological, genetic, and cellular approaches we show that the hindlimb initiation gene tbx4 has an evolutionarily conserved, essential role in Pelvic Fin development. In addition, our novel viable model of hindlimb deficiency is likely to facilitate the elucidation of the detailed molecular mechanisms through which Tbx4 functions during Pelvic Fin and hindlimb development.
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Shaping muscle bioarchitecture for the Fin to limb transition.
Bioarchitecture, 2012Co-Authors: Nicholas J. Cole, Peter D. CurrieAbstract:Our recent paper examined how Pelvic Fins and their musculature form developmentally and how these mechanisms have evolved within the vertebrate lineage, a process fundamental to the tetrapod transition. The transition from the water onto the land is among one of the most well studied steps in the evolutionary history of vertebrates, yet the genetic basis of this evolutionary transition is little studied and ill-deFined. The advent of these terrestrial species resulted in a shift in locomotor strategies from the rhythmic undulating muscles of the fish body to a reliance upon powerful weight bearing muscles of the limbs to generate movement. We demonstrated that the Pelvic Fin muscles of bony fish are generated by a mechanism that has features of both of limb/Fin muscle formation in tetrapods and primitive cartilaginous fish. We hypothesize that the adoption of the fully derived mode of hindlimb muscle formation, was a further modification of the mode of development deployed to generate Pelvic Fin muscles, a shift in overall muscle bioarchitecture we believe was critical to the success of the tetrapod transition.
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Development and Evolution of the Muscles of the Pelvic Fin
PLoS biology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicholas J. Cole, Thomas E. Hall, Emily K. Don, Silke Berger, Catherine A. Boisvert, Christine Neyt, Rolf Ericsson, Jean M.p. Joss, David B Gurevich, Peter D. CurrieAbstract:Locomotor strategies in terrestrial tetrapods have evolved from the utilisation of sinusoidal contractions of axial musculature, evident in ancestral fish species, to the reliance on powerful and complex limb muscles to provide propulsive force. Within tetrapods, a hindlimb-dominant locomotor strategy predominates, and its evolution is considered critical for the evident success of the tetrapod transition onto land. Here, we determine the developmental mechanisms of Pelvic Fin muscle formation in living fish species at critical points within the vertebrate phylogeny and reveal a stepwise modification from a primitive to a more derived mode of Pelvic Fin muscle formation. A distinct process generates Pelvic Fin muscle in bony fishes that incorporates both primitive and derived characteristics of vertebrate appendicular muscle formation. We propose that the adoption of the fully derived mode of hindlimb muscle formation from this bimodal character state is an evolutionary innovation that was critical to the success of the tetrapod transition.
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Morphology of Pelvic Fin loss in a zebrafish strain (Danio rerio)
Journal of morphology, 2011Co-Authors: Emily K. Don, Thomas E. Hall, Peter D. Currie, Nicholas J. ColeAbstract:We describe the morphology of a zebrafish strain which lacks Pelvic Fins but no other abnormalities. This description is the first step of analyzing hindlimb loss in an established model organism. By combining light microscopy, bone and cartilage staining, scanning electron microscopy and histological sections we were able to comprehensively describe the morphology of the developing Pelvic Fins of a Pelvic Finless zebrafish in contrast with the developing Pelvic Fins of wild-type zebrafish. We have shown that although adult Pelvic Finless zebrafish completely lack Pelvic Fins, they do develop mesenchymal bulges in the Pelvic regions at the Pelvic Fin development stage. Understanding the morphology and the subsequent genetic analysis of this fish will lead to important insights into both Pelvic Fin/hindlimb developmental mechanisms and the evolution of hindlimb loss. It is for this reason that we present a morphological analysis of Pelvic Fin development and loss in this genetically tractable model species.
Shaosen Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome Sequencing of the Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica) for Comparative Genomic Studies on tbx4 and a tbx4 Gene Cluster in Teleost Fishes.
Marine drugs, 2019Co-Authors: Weiwei Chen, Chao Bian, Xinxin You, Zheng-yong Wen, Xinhui Zhang, Shaosen YangAbstract:Limbs originated from paired fish Fins are an important innovation in Gnathostomata. Many studies have focused on limb development-related genes, of which the T-box transcription factor 4 gene (tbx4) has been considered as one of the most essential factors in the regulation of the hindlimb development. We previously confirmed Pelvic Fin loss in tbx4-knockout zebrafish. Here, we report a high-quality genome assembly of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica), which is an economically important fish without Pelvic Fins. The assembled genome is 1.13 Gb in size, with a scaffold N50 of 1.03 Mb. In addition, we collected 24 tbx4 sequences from 22 teleost fishes to explore the correlation between tbx4 and Pelvic Fin evolution. However, we observed complete exon structures of tbx4 in several Pelvic-Fin-loss species such as Ocean sunfish (Mola mola) and ricefield eel (Monopterus albus). More interestingly, an inversion of a special tbx4 gene cluster (brip1-tbx4-tbx2b- bcas3) occurred twice independently, which coincides with the presence of Fin spines. A nonsynonymous mutation (M82L) was identified in the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) of the Japanese eel tbx4. We also examined variation and loss of hindlimb enhancer B (HLEB), which may account for Pelvic Fin loss in Tetraodontidae and Diodontidae. In summary, we generated a genome assembly of the Japanese eel, which provides a valuable genomic resource to study the evolution of fish tbx4 and helps elucidate the mechanism of Pelvic Fin loss in teleost fishes. Our comparative genomic studies, revealed for the first time a potential correlation between the tbx4 gene cluster and the evolutionary development of toxic Fin spines. Because Fin spines in teleosts are usually venoms, this tbx4 gene cluster may facilitate the genetic engineering of toxin-related marine drugs.
Nicholas J. Cole - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shaping muscle bioarchitecture for the Fin to limb transition.
Bioarchitecture, 2012Co-Authors: Nicholas J. Cole, Peter D. CurrieAbstract:Our recent paper examined how Pelvic Fins and their musculature form developmentally and how these mechanisms have evolved within the vertebrate lineage, a process fundamental to the tetrapod transition. The transition from the water onto the land is among one of the most well studied steps in the evolutionary history of vertebrates, yet the genetic basis of this evolutionary transition is little studied and ill-deFined. The advent of these terrestrial species resulted in a shift in locomotor strategies from the rhythmic undulating muscles of the fish body to a reliance upon powerful weight bearing muscles of the limbs to generate movement. We demonstrated that the Pelvic Fin muscles of bony fish are generated by a mechanism that has features of both of limb/Fin muscle formation in tetrapods and primitive cartilaginous fish. We hypothesize that the adoption of the fully derived mode of hindlimb muscle formation, was a further modification of the mode of development deployed to generate Pelvic Fin muscles, a shift in overall muscle bioarchitecture we believe was critical to the success of the tetrapod transition.
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Development and Evolution of the Muscles of the Pelvic Fin
PLoS biology, 2011Co-Authors: Nicholas J. Cole, Thomas E. Hall, Emily K. Don, Silke Berger, Catherine A. Boisvert, Christine Neyt, Rolf Ericsson, Jean M.p. Joss, David B Gurevich, Peter D. CurrieAbstract:Locomotor strategies in terrestrial tetrapods have evolved from the utilisation of sinusoidal contractions of axial musculature, evident in ancestral fish species, to the reliance on powerful and complex limb muscles to provide propulsive force. Within tetrapods, a hindlimb-dominant locomotor strategy predominates, and its evolution is considered critical for the evident success of the tetrapod transition onto land. Here, we determine the developmental mechanisms of Pelvic Fin muscle formation in living fish species at critical points within the vertebrate phylogeny and reveal a stepwise modification from a primitive to a more derived mode of Pelvic Fin muscle formation. A distinct process generates Pelvic Fin muscle in bony fishes that incorporates both primitive and derived characteristics of vertebrate appendicular muscle formation. We propose that the adoption of the fully derived mode of hindlimb muscle formation from this bimodal character state is an evolutionary innovation that was critical to the success of the tetrapod transition.
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Morphology of Pelvic Fin loss in a zebrafish strain (Danio rerio)
Journal of morphology, 2011Co-Authors: Emily K. Don, Thomas E. Hall, Peter D. Currie, Nicholas J. ColeAbstract:We describe the morphology of a zebrafish strain which lacks Pelvic Fins but no other abnormalities. This description is the first step of analyzing hindlimb loss in an established model organism. By combining light microscopy, bone and cartilage staining, scanning electron microscopy and histological sections we were able to comprehensively describe the morphology of the developing Pelvic Fins of a Pelvic Finless zebrafish in contrast with the developing Pelvic Fins of wild-type zebrafish. We have shown that although adult Pelvic Finless zebrafish completely lack Pelvic Fins, they do develop mesenchymal bulges in the Pelvic regions at the Pelvic Fin development stage. Understanding the morphology and the subsequent genetic analysis of this fish will lead to important insights into both Pelvic Fin/hindlimb developmental mechanisms and the evolution of hindlimb loss. It is for this reason that we present a morphological analysis of Pelvic Fin development and loss in this genetically tractable model species.
