The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vasu Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Permissiveness in transactional memories
International Symposium on Distributed Computing, 2008Co-Authors: Rachid Guerraoui, Thomas A. Henzinger, Vasu SinghAbstract:We introduce the notion of Permissiveness in transactional memories (TM). Intuitively, a TM is permissive if it never aborts a transaction when it need not. More specifically, a TM is permissive with respect to a safety property pif the TM accepts every history that satisfies p. Permissiveness, like safety and liveness, can be used as a metric to compare TMs. We illustrate that it is impractical to achieve Permissiveness deterministically, and then show how randomization can be used to achieve Permissiveness efficiently. We introduce Adaptive Validation STM (AVSTM), which is probabilistically permissive with respect to opacity; that is, every opaque history is accepted by AVSTM with positive probability. Moreover, AVSTM guarantees lock freedom. Owing to its Permissiveness, AVSTM outperforms other STMs by up to 40% in read dominated workloads in high contention scenarios. But, in low contention scenarios, the book-keeping done by AVSTM to achieve Permissiveness makes AVSTM, on average, 20-30% worse than existing STMs.
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DISC - Permissiveness in Transactional Memories
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1Co-Authors: Rachid Guerraoui, Thomas A. Henzinger, Vasu SinghAbstract:We introduce the notion of Permissiveness in transactional memories (TM). Intuitively, a TM is permissive if it never aborts a transaction when it need not. More specifically, a TM is permissive with respect to a safety property pif the TM accepts every history that satisfies p. Permissiveness, like safety and liveness, can be used as a metric to compare TMs. We illustrate that it is impractical to achieve Permissiveness deterministically, and then show how randomization can be used to achieve Permissiveness efficiently. We introduce Adaptive Validation STM (AVSTM), which is probabilistically permissive with respect to opacity; that is, every opaque history is accepted by AVSTM with positive probability. Moreover, AVSTM guarantees lock freedom. Owing to its Permissiveness, AVSTM outperforms other STMs by up to 40% in read dominated workloads in high contention scenarios. But, in low contention scenarios, the book-keeping done by AVSTM to achieve Permissiveness makes AVSTM, on average, 20-30% worse than existing STMs.
Rachid Guerraoui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Permissiveness in transactional memories
International Symposium on Distributed Computing, 2008Co-Authors: Rachid Guerraoui, Thomas A. Henzinger, Vasu SinghAbstract:We introduce the notion of Permissiveness in transactional memories (TM). Intuitively, a TM is permissive if it never aborts a transaction when it need not. More specifically, a TM is permissive with respect to a safety property pif the TM accepts every history that satisfies p. Permissiveness, like safety and liveness, can be used as a metric to compare TMs. We illustrate that it is impractical to achieve Permissiveness deterministically, and then show how randomization can be used to achieve Permissiveness efficiently. We introduce Adaptive Validation STM (AVSTM), which is probabilistically permissive with respect to opacity; that is, every opaque history is accepted by AVSTM with positive probability. Moreover, AVSTM guarantees lock freedom. Owing to its Permissiveness, AVSTM outperforms other STMs by up to 40% in read dominated workloads in high contention scenarios. But, in low contention scenarios, the book-keeping done by AVSTM to achieve Permissiveness makes AVSTM, on average, 20-30% worse than existing STMs.
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DISC - Permissiveness in Transactional Memories
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1Co-Authors: Rachid Guerraoui, Thomas A. Henzinger, Vasu SinghAbstract:We introduce the notion of Permissiveness in transactional memories (TM). Intuitively, a TM is permissive if it never aborts a transaction when it need not. More specifically, a TM is permissive with respect to a safety property pif the TM accepts every history that satisfies p. Permissiveness, like safety and liveness, can be used as a metric to compare TMs. We illustrate that it is impractical to achieve Permissiveness deterministically, and then show how randomization can be used to achieve Permissiveness efficiently. We introduce Adaptive Validation STM (AVSTM), which is probabilistically permissive with respect to opacity; that is, every opaque history is accepted by AVSTM with positive probability. Moreover, AVSTM guarantees lock freedom. Owing to its Permissiveness, AVSTM outperforms other STMs by up to 40% in read dominated workloads in high contention scenarios. But, in low contention scenarios, the book-keeping done by AVSTM to achieve Permissiveness makes AVSTM, on average, 20-30% worse than existing STMs.
Francesca Dillman R Carpentier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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priming sexual and romantic representations in two media environments sex encourages and romance discourages sexual Permissiveness sometimes
Journal of Sex Research, 2017Co-Authors: Francesca Dillman R CarpentierAbstract:Two experiments (Ns = 314, 447) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual cues in temporarily increasing young adults' self-reported sexual Permissiveness, as well as the effects of romantic cues in temporarily decreasing Permissiveness. Participants were exposed to sexual or romantic cues embedded as a theme-defining component of an online game (Study 1) or in advertisements peripheral to the online game (Study 2). Sexual and romantic conditions were compared against a control condition. As hypothesized, participants in the romantic conditions rated themselves lower in sexual Permissiveness, compared to participants in the sexual and control conditions, particularly when participants positively evaluated the online game experience. Findings suggest that exposure to entertaining media depictions of two people, as a committed couple, expressing love, as well as lust, for each other might deter young adults from considering engagement in casual sexual encounters indicative of "hookup culture."
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conceptualizations of female empowerment and enjoyment of sexualized characters in reality television
Mass Communication and Society, 2010Co-Authors: Mackenzie Cato, Francesca Dillman R CarpentierAbstract:This study explores how young women's definitions of empowerment relate to their reception of The Girls Next Door, a popular reality show that documents the life and fun times of Hugh Hefner's three sexy, live-in girlfriends. Specifically, we examine whether young women's general attraction to reality television relates to their endorsement of different views of women and empowerment, how these endorsements relate to the women's own sexual Permissiveness, and finally how these views relate to perceptions of The Girls Next Door. Results suggest that reality television preferences relate to greater endorsement of sexual empowerment and traditional feminine roles. However, sexual Permissiveness is elevated only when sexual empowerment is endorsed, and perceptions of the show appear to be most positive only when sexual Permissiveness is elevated.
Takaji Wakita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Establishment of hepatitis E virus infection-permissive and -non-permissive human hepatoma PLC/PRF/5 subclones
Microbiology and immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Tomoyuki Shiota, Takaji Wakita, Sayaka Yoshizaki, Takanobu Kato, Koji IshiiAbstract:PLC/PRF/5 cells show limited Permissiveness, meaning that almost all subclones are permissive; however, some subclones do not exhibit Permissiveness for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. In this study, the single-cell cloning of PLC/PRF/5 was performed and heterogeneous subclones characterized. Notably, the efficiency of intracellular virus replication did not correlate with the Permissiveness for HEV infection. However, as well as binding permissive subclones, virus-like particles bound non-permissive subclones on various levels, suggesting that these subclones have some deficiencies in the attachment and entry steps of infection. Our data would be useful for investigating the HEV life cycle.
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establishment of hepatitis e virus infection permissive and non permissive human hepatoma plc prf 5 subclones
Microbiology and Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Tomoyuki Shiota, Takaji Wakita, Sayaka Yoshizaki, Takanobu Kato, Tiancheng Li, Koji IshiiAbstract:PLC/PRF/5 cells show limited Permissiveness, meaning that almost all subclones are permissive; however, some subclones do not exhibit Permissiveness for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. In this study, the single-cell cloning of PLC/PRF/5 was performed and heterogeneous subclones characterized. Notably, the efficiency of intracellular virus replication did not correlate with the Permissiveness for HEV infection. However, as well as binding permissive subclones, virus-like particles bound non-permissive subclones on various levels, suggesting that these subclones have some deficiencies in the attachment and entry steps of infection. Our data would be useful for investigating the HEV life cycle. Hepatitis E virus is responsible for acute and enterically transmitted hepatitis in the developing world (1), accounts for more than 50% of acute viral hepatitides in young adults, and has a fatality of at least 1%, up to 20% in pregnant women (2–4). Recent epidemiological studies have revealed the widespread prevalence of HEV and anti-HEV antibodies in humans and several animal species worldwide, including in developed countries (5–9). HEV has only one serotype, but at least four genotypes: G1 and G2 exclusively infecting humans and G3 and G4 additionally infecting swine and several other mammalian species (5–7). Other genotypes have been reported as causative agents only in wild boar (10, 11). Hepatitis E virus is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Hepevirus in the family Hepeviridae (12). The virions exhibit distinct buoyant densities in feces (1.26–1.27g/mL) and in circulating blood (1.15–1.16g/mL), differences that might be associated with their cellular membrane composition (13). The 7.2kb genome contains three partially overlapping ORFs (14). ORF1 encodes a
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isolation and characterization of an huh 7 5 1 derived cell clone highly permissive to hepatitis c virus
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Takaji Wakita, Yoshitaka Shirasago, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Kyoko Saito, Tetsuro Suzuki, Kentaro Hanada, Makoto Kuroda, Masayoshi FukasawaAbstract:An efficient cell culture and infection system for hepatitis C virus (HCV) facilitates analyses of the complete virus life cycle. Human hepatic Huh7.5.1 cells and an HCV-JFH1 strain have been widely employed in infection experiments. In the present study, cultured Huh7.5.1 cells exhibited heterogeneous phenotypes of HCV infection. Using single-cell cloning of Huh7.5.1 cells, we isolated a clone highly permissive to HCV (Huh7.5.1-8) and a CD81-defective clone nonpermissive to HCV (Huh7.5.1-5). Expression of CD81 in Huh7.5.1-5 cells restored Permissiveness to HCV, indicating that CD81 is essential for HCV infection and a defect in CD81 causes nonPermissiveness to HCV in Huh7.5.1-5 cells. Huh7.5.1-8 cells had approximately 10-fold higher HCV replication rates, with cellular HCV RNA copy numbers of >10(9) copies/μg of cellular RNA and viral titers of >10(6) infectious units/ml of culture supernatant. Permissiveness of Huh7.5.1-8 cells to HCV infection was phenotypically very stable because there was no difference in Permissiveness after more than 100 passages (1-year culture). This efficient cell culture system for HCV using Huh7.5.1-8 cell provides a powerful tool for studying the HCV life cycle and constructing antiviral strategies.
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CD81 expression is important for heterogeneous HCV Permissiveness of Huh7 cell clones
Journal of Virology, 2007Co-Authors: Daisuke Akazawa, Tomoko Date, Kenichi Morikawa, Asako Murayama, Michiko Miyamoto, Minako Kaga, Heidi Barth, Thomas Baumert, Jean Dubuisson, Takaji WakitaAbstract:Huh7 cells constitute a permissive cell line for cell culture of hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles. However, our Huh7 line shows limited Permissiveness for HCV. Thus, in this study we set out to determine which host factors are important for conferring Permissiveness. To analyze the limited Permissiveness of our Huh7 cells, 70 clones were obtained after single-cell cloning of parental Huh7 cells. The cloned Huh7 cells exhibited various levels of HCV pseudoparticles and JFH-1 virus infection efficiency, and some clones were not permissive. A subgenomic replicon was then transfected into the cloned Huh7 cells. While the replication efficiencies differed among the cloned Huh7 cells, these efficiencies did not correlate with infectious permissibility. Flow cytometry showed that CD81, scavenger receptor class B type I, and low-density-lipoprotein receptor expression on the cell surfaces of the Huh7 clones differed among the clones. Interestingly, we found that all of the permissive cell clones expressed CD81 while the nonpermissive cell clones did not. To confirm the importance of CD81 expression for HCV Permissiveness, CD81 was then transiently and stably expressed on a nonpermissive Huh7 cell clone, which was consequently restored to HCV infection Permissiveness. Furthermore, Permissiveness was down-regulated upon transfection of CD81 silencing RNA into a CD81-positive cell clone. In conclusion, CD81 expression is an important determinant of HCV Permissiveness of Huh7 cell clones harboring different characteristics.
Michael Gale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulating intracellular antiviral defense and Permissiveness to hepatitis c virus rna replication through a cellular rna helicase rig i
Journal of Virology, 2005Co-Authors: Rhea Sumpter, Kui Li, Mitsutoshi Yoneyama, Takashi Fujita, Stanley M Lemon, Michael GaleAbstract:Virus-responsive signaling pathways that induce alpha/beta interferon production and engage intracellular immune defenses influence the outcome of many viral infections. The processes that trigger these defenses and their effect upon host Permissiveness for specific viral pathogens are not well understood. We show that structured hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomic RNA activates interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), thereby inducing interferon in cultured cells. This response is absent in cells selected for Permissiveness for HCV RNA replication. Studies including genetic complementation revealed that Permissiveness is due to mutational inactivation of RIG-I, an interferon-inducible cellular DExD/H box RNA helicase. Its helicase domain binds HCV RNA and transduces the activation signal for IRF3 by its caspase recruiting domain homolog. RIG-I is thus a pathogen receptor that regulates cellular Permissiveness to HCV replication and, as an interferon-responsive gene, may play a key role in interferon-based therapies for the treatment of HCV infection.