The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Sergio Costantini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Serum selenium concentration and disease progress in patients with HIV infection.
    Clinical biochemistry, 1991
    Co-Authors: Augusto Cirelli, Maria Rosa Ciardi, Claudio De Simone, F. Sorice, R. Giordano, L. Ciaralli, Sergio Costantini
    Abstract:

    The selenium concentration in the serum of 67 patients with HIV infection was measured to determine whether selenium deficiency occurred in the different stages of the disease. In the first stage of the study, patients were divided into four groups: symptom-free subjects, PGL (Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy), ARC (AIDS related complex), and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Selenium concentrations were normal in HIV antibody positive symptom-free subjects (1.18 ± 0.27 μmol/L) and lower than normal in the other three groups ( p p

Munir Ghesani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

William A. Sewell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epstein-Barr virus and HIV play no direct role in Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy syndrome.
    Clinical and experimental immunology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michael J. Boyle, Tom B. Sculley, David A. Cooper, Jennifer Turner, Ronald Penny, William A. Sewell
    Abstract:

    Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy (PGL) and polyclonal B cell activation are features of infection with HIV. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HIV are known to activate B cells in vitro, but whether they are important B cell activators in patients infected with HIV is less clear. In this study, lymph node tissue was obtained from 10 patients with PGL and assessed for evidence of EBV and HIV gene sequences. DNA was extracted and specific viral gene sequences identified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EBV sequences were difficult to detect in the PGL tissue, with a signal intensity similar to that of other benign and malignant lymphoid conditions not associated with EBV. HIV sequences were also rare in the PGL tissue, consistent with HIV infection of the small number of peripheral blood cells and nodal T cells likely to be present in such a sample. These findings suggest that the polyclonal B cell activation typical of HIV is not driven by direct EBV or HIV infection of B cells.

Riccardo Dalla-favera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biologic aspects of human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoma.
    Current opinion in oncology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Gianluca Gaidano, Riccardo Dalla-favera
    Abstract:

    A high frequency of lymphoma in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals has been reported since the outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in 1982. In the vast majority of cases, these lymphomas are highly aggressive B-cell, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of intermediate or high grade of malignancy. AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are histologically classified as small noncleaved cell lymphoma, large cell immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma, or large noncleaved cell lymphoma. Host factors predisposing to lymphoma development in AIDS patients include decreased immunosurveillance as well as human immunodeficiency virus-induced chronic perturbation of the immune system leading to cytokine overproduction and increased B-cell stimulation. These alterations are associated with the development of multiple oligoclonal B-cell expansions, which are characterized by Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus within a Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy clone further increases the risk of its neoplastic transformation. The appearance of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by the presence of a monoclonal B-cell population displaying several genetic lesions, including monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus infection, c-myc rearrangements, Ras mutations, and p53 inactivation. The number and type of lesions varies among the different types of AIDS-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, defining multiple alternative molecular pathways in AIDS-associated lymphomagenesis.

Carla Pettinelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • An open-label, dose-ranging trial of AL 721 in patients with Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy and AIDS-related complex.
    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1991
    Co-Authors: Donna Mildvan, Donald Armstrong, Jeffrey Buzas, Diana Antoniskis, Henry S. Sacks, Frank S. Rhame, Erwin W. Mosbach, Carla Pettinelli
    Abstract:

    AL 721, a lipid mixture with reported in vitro activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via cell membrane or virion cholesterol depletion, was evaluated in a multicenter, open-label, dose-ranging trial. Forty men with Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy or AIDS-related complex were treated with doses of 20, 30, 40, or 50 g orally twice daily for 8 weeks, and monitored for toxicity, disease progression, and with immunologic, virologic, and serum lipid profiles. The compound was found to be well tolerated over the broad range of doses examined; adverse reactions were confined to the gastrointestinal tract, of mild to moderate severity, and self-limited in duration. Modest weight gains observed on treatment were reversed within 4 weeks following cessation of therapy. While disease progression was not observed in this short-term study, we could find no indication of an immunorestorative or antiviral effect of AL 721, as determined by T-lymphocyte subset quantitation or HIV culture. All three patients who were HIV p24 antigenemic at entry retained positive antigen levels throughout treatment. As a consequence of therapy, however, significant increases in serum lipids were observed, including elevations in both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. In conclusion, our experience on the largest group of HIV-infected patients treated with the highest doses of AL 721 provides no support for the use of this compound as an antiretroviral agent.