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Sheri L. Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • looking on the bright side and seeing it vividly interpretation bias and involuntary mental imagery are related to risk for bipolar disorder
    2020
    Co-Authors: Andrew D Peckham, Kiana Modavi, Sheri L. Johnson
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Involuntary mental imagery is elevated among people with bipolar disorder, and has been shown to shape biases in interpretation of ambiguous information. However, it is not clear whether biases in interpretation of ambiguous scenarios can be observed in those at risk for bipolar disorder, or whether involuntary imagery is related to such a bias. AIMS In the present study, we extended a prominent model of bipolar cognition to an at-risk sample. We specifically tested whether positive interpretation bias and involuntary mental imagery are linked to a greater risk of bipolar disorder. METHOD Young adults (N = 169) completed measures of risk for bipolar disorder (the Hypomanic Personality Scale [HPS]), interpretation bias, and involuntary mental imagery. RESULTS Higher scores on the HPS were significantly correlated with more positive interpretations of ambiguous scenarios (β = 0.29, p <. 01) and more frequent involuntary mental imagery (β = 0.22, p < .01). There was no evidence of an interaction between interpretation bias and mental imagery in predicting HPS score, β = .04, p = .62. CONCLUSIONS Further research is warranted to determine if intrusive imagery or interpretation bias influence the development of bipolar disorder over time in those at risk.

  • a genetic analysis of the validity of the hypomanic Personality Scale
    2015
    Co-Authors: Sheri L. Johnson, Charles S Carver, Jutta Joormann, Michael L Cuccaro
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES: Studies of mania risk have increasingly relied on measures of subsyndromal tendencies to experience manic symptoms. The measures of mania risk employed in those studies have been shown to predict manic onset, to show familial associations, and to demonstrate expected correlations with psychosocial variables related to bipolar disorder. However, little work has been conducted to validate such measures against biologically relevant indices, or to consider whether early adversity, which has been shown to be highly elevated among those with bipolar disorder, is related to higher scores on mania risk measures. This study tested whether a well-used, self-report measure of vulnerability to mania is associated with several candidate genes that have previously been linked with bipolar disorder or with early adversity. Interactions of genes with early adversity in the prediction of mania vulnerability were also tested. METHODS: Undergraduate students from the University of Miami (Coral Gables, FL, USA) (N = 305) completed the Hypomanic Personality Scale and the Risky Families Scale, and provided blood for genotyping. RESULTS: Findings indicated that the Hypomanic Personality Scale was related to a number of dopamine-relevant polymorphisms and with early adversity. A polymorphism of ANKK1 appeared to specifically increase mania risk in the context of early adversity. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide additional support for the validity of the Hypomanic Personality Scale. Language: en

  • mania risk is associated with dominance behavior in an interpersonal negotiation task
    2014
    Co-Authors: Daniel Fulford, Sungchoon Sinclair, Oliver P John, Sheri L. Johnson
    Abstract:

    Researchers have noted strong parallels in the symptoms of mania—including grandiosity, hostility, goal-driven behavior, and overly sexualized behavior—and dominance. Drawing on these parallels, it has been hypothesized that bipolar disorder might be related to dysregulations of the dominance system, which includes dominance motivation, power, and dominance behavior. The goal of the current study was to consider whether manic tendencies related to the dominance system as measured in an ecologically valid experimental paradigm. Participants took part in small group interactions in which they negotiated merit pay for candidates seeking promotion. They completed ratings of their own and peers' dominance behaviors during the interaction. All participants also completed the Hypomanic Personality Scale to assess risk for mania, as well as Scales to assess for current (hypo)mania and history of depression. Whereas history of depression was related to lower dominance motivation, mania risk was related to dominanc...

  • impulsive responses to positive mood and reward are related to mania risk
    2013
    Co-Authors: Alison Giovanelli, Michael Hoerger, Sheri L. Johnson, June Gruber
    Abstract:

    Bipolar disorder is characterised by impulsivity, and recent research suggests it is important to consider more specific forms of impulsivity. In two student samples, we examined associations of self-reported impulsivity with mania risk (Hypomanic Personality Scale, HPS). We hypothesised that mania risk would relate to impulsivity in the context of opportunities for rewarding activities (Delaying Gratification Inventory, DGI), reward pursuit (Fun-Seeking subScale of the Behavioural Activation Scale, BAS), and when experiencing positive affect (Positive Urgency Measure, PUM). In Study 1 (N=823), the HPS was uniquely related to Fun-Seeking and PUM scores. Study 2 (N=482) replicated the correlation of HPS scores with PUM while documenting positive associations between PUM and trait-like responses to positive affect. Findings across both studies stress the importance of considering the role of positive emotion in driving the impulsivity among persons at risk for mania. These findings have implications for ref...

  • positive mood induction and facial affect recognition among students at risk for mania
    2008
    Co-Authors: Dante P Trevisani, Sheri L. Johnson, Charles S Carver
    Abstract:

    Previous research has suggested that bipolar disorder is characterized by a state-dependent decrease in the ability to recognize facial affect during mania. It remains unclear, though, whether people who are only vulnerable to the disorder show these changes in facial affect recognition. It is also unclear whether minor shifts in mood affect the recognition of facial emotion. Thus, this study examined the effects of positive mood induction on the facial affect recognition of undergraduates vulnerable to mania. Fifty-two undergraduates completed the Hypomanic Personality Scale, and also completed a measure of their ability to recognize affect in pictures of faces. After receiving false success feedback on another task to induce a positive mood, they completed the facial affect recognition measure again. Although we expected to find a relationship between higher Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) scores and an impaired ability to recognize negative facial affect after a positive mood induction, this was not found. Rather, there was a significant interaction between HPS scores and happiness level, such that individuals with higher scores on the HPS who also reported higher levels of happiness were particularly adept at identifying subtle facial expressions of happiness. This finding expands a growing literature linking manic tendencies to sensitivity to positive stimuli and demonstrates that this sensitivity may have bearing on interpersonal interactions.

Danny D E Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a unified measure of media brand Personality developing a media brand Personality Scale for multiple media
    2017
    Co-Authors: Danny D E Kim
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThe macro versus micro debate in the brand Personality literature has yielded a variety of micro approach brand Personality Scales for different media, with both differences and parallels in Personality dimensions uncovered. The observed parallels in media brand Personality dimensions and the varying media contexts under which empirical tests of selective exposure theories have been conducted suggest some common ground in the way that media product brands of different formats are perceived by individuals prior to selection and that the optimal method of measuring brand Personality for media products may be neither broad macro inventories nor highly context-specific micro measures but somewhere in between. This article discusses the construction of a unified Scale of media brand Personality that can measure the Personality of movie, TV show, pop song, news, and video game brands. The results of a two-step study consisting of free-association task (N = 1,440) and factor structure formation survey of...

Zhang Yonghong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Björn Sven Ivens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Brand management in higher education: The University Brand Personality Scale
    2016
    Co-Authors: Philipp A. Rauschnabel, Nina Krey, Barry J Babin, Björn Sven Ivens
    Abstract:

    Many universities leverage symbolic qualities with the potential of creating a brand Personality useful in competitive differentiation. Drawing on a series of qualitative and quantitative studies consistent with psychometric Scale development procedures, this study develops and validates a six-dimension University Brand Personality Scale (UBPS). The UBPS comprises prestige, sincerity, appeal, lively, conscientiousness, and cosmopolitan dimensions. Results suggest that the Scale strongly relates to brand love, positive word-of-mouth, and students' intention to support their university as alumni. Theoretical implications and recommendations for university managers follow from study results.

Paul Malloy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • factor analysis of the frontal systems behavior Scale frsbe
    2003
    Co-Authors: Julie C Stout, Janet Grace, Paul Malloy, Rebecca E Ready, Jane S Paulsen
    Abstract:

    The Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe), formerly called the Frontal Lobe Personality Scale (FLOPS), is a brief behavior rating Scale with demonstrated validity for the assessment of behavior disturbances associated with damage to the frontal-subcortical brain circuits. The authors report an exploratory principal factor analysis of the FrSBe-Family Version in a sample including 324 neurological patients and research participants, of which about 63% were diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases (Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases). The three-factor solution accounted for a modest level of variance (41%) and confirmed a factor structure consistent with the three subScales proposed on the theoretical basis of the frontal systems. Most items (83%)from the FrSBe subScales of Apathy, Disinhibition, and Executive Dysfunction loaded saliently on three corresponding factors. The FrSBe factor structure supports its utility for assessing both the severity of the three frontal syndromes in aggregate and separately.

  • assessing frontal lobe behavioral syndromes with the frontal lobe Personality Scale
    1999
    Co-Authors: Janet Grace, Julie C Stout, Paul Malloy
    Abstract:

    Reliability and construct validity are reported for the Frontal Lobe Personality Scale (FLOPS), a brief neurobehavior rating Scale. The FLOPS Family form was completed by family members of 24 frontal lobe brain-damaged patients, 15 non-frontal lobe braindamaged patients, and 48 healthy controls. IntraScale reliability was demonstrated (internal consistency .96; split half .93). Validity studies of frontal lobe patients post-lesion compared to their pre-lesion status, to healthy controls, and of frontal lobe patients preand post-lesion compared to non-frontal lobe patients preand post-lesion, indicated that frontal lobe patients post-lesion showed significantly more "frontal" behavior than (a) pre-lesion frontal lobe patients, (b) healthy controls, and (c) post-lesion non-frontal lobe patients. The FLOPS appears to be useful for quantifying frontal lobe behavior in clinical and research settings.