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T J Purakayastha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Abstract Agri-wastes biochars viz . eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5–70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9–77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Agri-wastes biochars viz. eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5-70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9-77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
Abhishek Mandal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Abstract Agri-wastes biochars viz . eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5–70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9–77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Agri-wastes biochars viz. eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5-70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9-77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
Neera Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Abstract Agri-wastes biochars viz . eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5–70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9–77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
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characterization of Pesticide sorption behaviour of slow pyrolysis biochars as low cost adsorbent for atrazine and imidacloprid removal
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Abhishek Mandal, Neera Singh, T J PurakayasthaAbstract:Agri-wastes biochars viz. eucalyptus bark (EBBC), corn cob (CCBC), bamboo chips (BCBC), rice husk (RHBC) and rice straw (RSBC) and acid treated RSBC (T-RSBC), were characterized for their physico-chemical properties and sorption behaviour of atrazine and imidacloprid was studied. Kinetics study suggested that except atrazine adsorption on RSBC, which was best explained by the pseudo second order model, sorption of atrazine and imidacloprid on biochars was well explained by the modified Elovich model. Among the five normal biochars, the RSBC showed the maximum atrazine (37.5-70.7%) and imidacloprid (39.9-77.8%) sorption. The phosphoric acid treatment of RSBC further enhanced the sorption of both Pesticides in T-RSBC. The Freundlich adsorption isotherms were highly nonlinear and percent adsorption decreased with increase in Pesticide concentration in solution. Pesticide adsorption on biochars was affected by their aromaticity, polarity, pore diameter, pH and weak acid fraction. Thus, rice straw biochars have great potential for environmental implications and can be exploited as adsorbents for Pesticide Industry spewed waste water purification.
Juan Carlos Piola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pesticide poisoning in the developing world a minimum Pesticides list
The Lancet, 2002Co-Authors: Lakshman Karalliedde, Gerard Hutchinson, Geoff Isbister, Flemming Konradsen, Douglas Murray, Nicholas A Buckley, Ravindra Fernando, Juan Carlos PiolaAbstract:The widespread adoption of Pesticides during the 1950s was associated with increased crop yields, opening up of new agricultural land, and reductions in incidence of vector-borne diseases. However, increasing pest resistance has resulted in lower yields and a resurgence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria. At the same time, the many health and environmental costs of intensive Pesticide use have become starkly apparent. Most Pesticides are toxic to human beings; WHO has classified their toxic effects from class Ia (extremely In parts of the developing world, Pesticide poisoning causes more deaths than infectious diseases. Use of Pesticides is poorly regulated and often dangerous; their easy availability also makes them a popular method of self-harm. In 1985, the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) produced a voluntary code of conduct for the Pesticide Industry in an attempt to limit the harmful effects of Pesticides. Unfortunately, a lack of adequate government resources in the developing world makes this code ineffective, and thousands of deaths continue today. WHO has recommended that access to highly toxic Pesticides be restricted—where this has been done, suicide rates have fallen. Since an Essential Drugs List was established in 1977, use of a few essential drugs has rationalised drug use in many regions. An analogous Minimum Pesticides List would identify a restricted number of less dangerous Pesticides to do specific tasks within an integrated pest management system. Use of safer Pesticides should result in fewer deaths, just as the change from barbiturates to benzodiazepines has reduced the number of deaths from pharmaceutical self-poisoning.
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Pesticide poisoning in the developing world a minimum Pesticides list
The Lancet, 2002Co-Authors: Lakshman Karalliedde, Gerard Hutchinson, Geoff Isbister, Flemming Konradsen, Douglas Murray, Nicholas A Buckley, Ravindra Fernando, Michael Eddleston, Juan Carlos PiolaAbstract:The widespread adoption of Pesticides during the 1950s was associated with increased crop yields, opening up of new agricultural land, and reductions in incidence of vector-borne diseases. However, increasing pest resistance has resulted in lower yields and a resurgence of vector-borne diseases such as malaria. At the same time, the many health and environmental costs of intensive Pesticide use have become starkly apparent. Most Pesticides are toxic to human beings; WHO has classified their toxic effects from class Ia (extremely In parts of the developing world, Pesticide poisoning causes more deaths than infectious diseases. Use of Pesticides is poorly regulated and often dangerous; their easy availability also makes them a popular method of self-harm. In 1985, the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) produced a voluntary code of conduct for the Pesticide Industry in an attempt to limit the harmful effects of Pesticides. Unfortunately, a lack of adequate government resources in the developing world makes this code ineffective, and thousands of deaths continue today. WHO has recommended that access to highly toxic Pesticides be restricted—where this has been done, suicide rates have fallen. Since an Essential Drugs List was established in 1977, use of a few essential drugs has rationalised drug use in many regions. An analogous Minimum Pesticides List would identify a restricted number of less dangerous Pesticides to do specific tasks within an integrated pest management system. Use of safer Pesticides should result in fewer deaths, just as the change from barbiturates to benzodiazepines has reduced the number of deaths from pharmaceutical self-poisoning.
Ilias G Eleftherohorinos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pesticide exposure safety issues and risk assessment indicators
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011Co-Authors: Christos A. Damalas, Ilias G EleftherohorinosAbstract:Pesticides are widely used in agricultural production to prevent or control pests, diseases, weeds, and other plant pathogens in an effort to reduce or eliminate yield losses and maintain high product quality. Although Pesticides are developed through very strict regulation processes to function with reasonable certainty and minimal impact on human health and the environment, serious concerns have been raised about health risks resulting from occupational exposure and from residues in food and drinking water. Occupational exposure to Pesticides often occurs in the case of agricultural workers in open fields and greenhouses, workers in the Pesticide Industry, and exterminators of house pests. Exposure of the general population to Pesticides occurs primarily through eating food and drinking water contaminated with Pesticide residues, whereas substantial exposure can also occur in or around the home. Regarding the adverse effects on the environment (water, soil and air contamination from leaching, runoff, and spray drift, as well as the detrimental effects on wildlife, fish, plants, and other non-target organisms), many of these effects depend on the toxicity of the Pesticide, the measures taken during its application, the dosage applied, the adsorption on soil colloids, the weather conditions prevailing after application, and how long the Pesticide persists in the environment. Therefore, the risk assessment of the impact of Pesticides either on human health or on the environment is not an easy and particularly accurate process because of differences in the periods and levels of exposure, the types of Pesticides used (regarding toxicity and persistence), and the environmental characteristics of the areas where Pesticides are usually applied. Also, the number of the criteria used and the method of their implementation to assess the adverse effects of Pesticides on human health could affect risk assessment and would possibly affect the characterization of the already approved Pesticides and the approval of the new compounds in the near future. Thus, new tools or techniques with greater reliability than those already existing are needed to predict the potential hazards of Pesticides and thus contribute to reduction of the adverse effects on human health and the environment. On the other hand, the implementation of alternative cropping systems that are less dependent on Pesticides, the development of new Pesticides with novel modes of action and improved safety profiles, and the improvement of the already used Pesticide formulations towards safer formulations (e.g., microcapsule suspensions) could reduce the adverse effects of farming and particularly the toxic effects of Pesticides. In addition, the use of appropriate and well-maintained spraying equipment along with taking all precautions that are required in all stages of Pesticide handling could minimize human exposure to Pesticides and their potential adverse effects on the environment.