The Experts below are selected from a list of 24465 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Azadeh Manayi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reverse Pharmacognosy and reverse pharmacology two closely related approaches for drug discovery development
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Soodabeh Saeidnia, Ahmad Reza Gohari, Azadeh ManayiAbstract:: Pharmacognosy is a science, which study natural products as a source of new drug leads and effective drug development. Rational and economic search for novel lead structures could maximize the speed of drug discovery by using powerful high technology methods. Reverse Pharmacognosy, a complementary to Pharmacognosy, couples the high throughput screening (HTS), virtual screening and databases along with the knowledge of traditional medicines. These strategies lead to identification of numerous in vitro active and selective hits enhancing the speed of drug discovery from natural sources. Besides, reverse pharmacology is a target base drug discovery approach; in the first step, a hypothesis is made that the alteration of specific protein activity will produce beneficial curative effects. Both, reverse Pharmacognosy and reverse pharmacology take advantages of high technology methods to accomplish their particular purposes. Moreover, reverse Pharmacognosy effectively utilize traditional medicines and natural products as promising sources to provide new drug leads as well as promote the rational use of them by using valuable information like protein structure databases and chemical libraries which prepare pharmacological profile of traditional medicine, plant extract or natural compounds.
Zhang Hong-wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preliminary discussions on teaching reform of Pharmacognosy
Journal of Shanxi Medical University, 2010Co-Authors: Zhang Hong-weiAbstract:Through reviewing in means,media,and modes of recent theoretical and experimental teaching in Pharmacognosy,the authors revealed and analyzed the existing deficiencies,and in order to improve teaching quality,put forward some proposals in accordance with actual situations on measures appropriate for current Pharmacognosy teaching.
A. N. M. Alamgir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular Pharmacognosy—A New Borderline Discipline Between Molecular Biology and Pharmacognosy
Progress in Drug Research, 2018Co-Authors: A. N. M. AlamgirAbstract:Molecular Pharmacognosy is based on molecular identification technologies and has provided an identification basis of crude drugs at the gene level. Molecular Pharmacognosy includes the systematic assortment of varieties of traditional herbal medicine and Chinese herbs, and studies quality, standardization, conservation, and diversity of medicinal plants. The molecular Pharmacognosy in twenty-first century embraces many items from the study of molecular taxonomy, phylogenetic evolution of medicinal plants and animals, conservation of endangered species, molecular identification of medicinal raw materials, controlling metabolic pathways and biosynthetic regulation of secondary metabolites in plants, conservation of biodiversity, genetic engineering, tissue culture technology, production of pollution-free medicinal plants, structure-activity relationships with a drug potential, etc. to genetic engineering technology based on molecular cloning and the related tissue culture technology, especially molecular marker technology based on PCR. Molecular Pharmacognosy is a rising discipline combining molecular biology and Pharmacognosy, and its development depends on systems biology with reference to genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, and also involved methods of modern biotechnology. Molecular biology has become vital to drug discovery from medicinal plants, through the determination and accomplishment of appropriate screening assays directed toward physiologically relevant molecular targets. DNA markers based tools for molecular identification of traditional medicinal materials are considered more reliable for authentication of herbal materials.
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Origin, Definition, Scope and Area, Subject Matter, Importance, and History of Development of Pharmacognosy
Therapeutic Use of Medicinal Plants and Their Extracts: Volume 1, 2017Co-Authors: A. N. M. AlamgirAbstract:The term ‘Pharmacognosy’ was derived by the merger of two Greek words (e.g., pharmakon—drug and gnosis—knowledge of) to mean the knowledge of drugs. It was introduced and used for the first time by J.A. Schmidt (1811) and C.A. Seydler (1815), respectively, to define the branch of medicine or commodity which deals with crude drugs. Studies on physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs, drug substances, or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources are now included in Pharmacognosy. Pharmacognosy was developed as a descriptive botanical subject in early days (nineteenth and during the last half of the twentieth century), and currently, plant-based drugs are researched and formulated in modern framework of medicine rather than galenical preparations. Pharmacognosy has been playing a significant role in the discovery, characterization, production, and standardization of natural drugs. Therefore, the scope of Pharmacognosy is broad and includes the scientific study of crude drugs, medicinal products (e.g., enzymes, vitamins, antibiotics, pesticides, allergens, and allergenic extracts), and excipients (e.g., coloring, flavuring, emulsifying and suspending agents, diluents, bulking or filler agents, disintegrants, anesthetic aids, sweeteners, binders, adhesives, solidifiers and also the research problems in the areas of phytochemistry, microbial chemistry, biosynthesis, biotransformation, chemotaxonomy, and other biological and chemical sciences. Studies on poisonous, hallucinogenic, and teratogenic plants; raw materials for the production of oral contraceptives, aphrodisiacs, etc., as well as spices, beverages, and condiments are included in the subject matters of Pharmacognosy. The history of development of Pharmacognosy is as old as that of human history as evidenced by the Neanderthals use of healing herbs such as yarrow, marshmallow before >60,000 years. The innovation of medicinal properties of plants at the beginning was accomplished through guesswork, observation, trial and error, accidental discovery, curiosity, and search for food and in many other ways. The ancient people acquired a considerable volume of knowledge about drugs by a combination of all these means and subsequently a group of people (medicine men) emerged in the society who acquired expertise in collecting, testing, and using medicinal plants for treating diseases. The ancient Egyptian, Babylonian or Assyrian, Indian, Chinese, Greek, and Roman were the forerunner of herbal medicine and contributed enormously to the development of Pharmacognosy. The knowledge developed on herbal medicine was once transferred to successors verbally by the use of signs and symbols, and the earliest written form was the Egyptian papyri. This was followed gradually by backed clay tablets, parchments, manuscript herbals, printed herbals, pharmacopoeias and recently by computerized information database systems.
Soodabeh Saeidnia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reverse Pharmacognosy and reverse pharmacology two closely related approaches for drug discovery development
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Soodabeh Saeidnia, Ahmad Reza Gohari, Azadeh ManayiAbstract:: Pharmacognosy is a science, which study natural products as a source of new drug leads and effective drug development. Rational and economic search for novel lead structures could maximize the speed of drug discovery by using powerful high technology methods. Reverse Pharmacognosy, a complementary to Pharmacognosy, couples the high throughput screening (HTS), virtual screening and databases along with the knowledge of traditional medicines. These strategies lead to identification of numerous in vitro active and selective hits enhancing the speed of drug discovery from natural sources. Besides, reverse pharmacology is a target base drug discovery approach; in the first step, a hypothesis is made that the alteration of specific protein activity will produce beneficial curative effects. Both, reverse Pharmacognosy and reverse pharmacology take advantages of high technology methods to accomplish their particular purposes. Moreover, reverse Pharmacognosy effectively utilize traditional medicines and natural products as promising sources to provide new drug leads as well as promote the rational use of them by using valuable information like protein structure databases and chemical libraries which prepare pharmacological profile of traditional medicine, plant extract or natural compounds.
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Pharmacognosy and molecular Pharmacognosy in practice
2012Co-Authors: Soodabeh Saeidnia, Ahmad Reza GohariAbstract:Pharmacognosy and molecular Pharmacognosy in practice , Pharmacognosy and molecular Pharmacognosy in practice , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی
J David Phillipson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy.
Phytochemistry, 2007Co-Authors: J David PhillipsonAbstract:During the past 50 years there have been tremendous advances in chemical and biological techniques of analysis that have transformed research in Pharmacognosy. The PSE has regularly held symposia of relevance to Pharmacognosy and some of these are briefly reviewed in the area of natural products from higher plants. These symposia have charted the developments that link Pharmacognosy with phytochemistry and illustrate the application of increasingly more sophisticated analytical techniques to the discovery of biologically active compounds. Plants have yielded clinical drugs, either as natural product molecules, or as synthetic modifications, particularly for chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer and malaria. Aspects of biotechnology, traditional medicines and herbal medicinal products are briefly discussed.