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Hong-chao Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Background Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. Method RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. Results GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. Conclusion These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases
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Pheretima aspergillum decoction suppresses inflammation and relieves asthma in a mouse model of bronchial asthma by NF-κB inhibition
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2016Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Ling Gong, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance and aim of the study Guang-Pheretima, the live form of the earthworm Pheretima aspergillum , is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used for the treatment of asthma, cough, stroke, epilepsy and other diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-seizure, thrombolytic and diuretic properties. Although Guang-Pheretima is effective in the relief of asthma, its pharmacological activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we investigated the effects of a Pheretima aspergillum decoction (PAD) against inflammation in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in BALB/c mice, as well as the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway involved in this process. Materials and methods OVA was used to sensitize and challenge the airway of the mice, and PAD was administrated by gavage. We measured airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the mice 24 h following a final methacholine challenge with whole-body plethysmography. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum and pulmonary tissues were collected 48 h after the last challenge. The levels of inflammatory factors and the related mRNAs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The number of differential inflammatory cells in the BALF was counted. Serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels were measured with ELISA. The activation of NF-κB signaling in the lung was detected by western blotting. In addition, the lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid Schiff stain for histopathological examination. Results PAD treatment significantly alleviated AHR in the asthmatic mice, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and downregulated IgE. In addition, PAD treatment attenuated mucus secretion and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung while inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling. Conclusions PAD effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling in the lungs of mice with OVA-induced asthma, and mitigated AHR and Th2 type inflammatory reactions. Therefore, PAD may serve as a drug candidate for asthma treatment.
Jarmuji Jarmuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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IMBANGAN FESES SAPI DAN KULIT KOPI TERHADAP BIOMASSA DAN KUALITAS VERMIKOMPOS CACING TANAH (Pheretima sp)
2018Co-Authors: Handayani, Putri Asih, Jarmuji Jarmuji, Sutriyono SutriyonoAbstract:Cacing tanah (Pheretima sp)dikenal sebagai hewan yang memiliki banyak manfaat mulai dari sebagai pakan untuk hewan ternak, vermikompos dalam pertanian dan perkebunan, digunakan sebagai umpan memancing, bahan kosmetika dan obat- obatan. Pemanfaatan cacing tanah ini sangatlah wajar bila dilihat dari kandungan protein yang dikandungnya. Biomassa dapat ditandai dengan pertumbuhan cacing tanah(Pheretima sp) yang dapat hidup dengan optimal pada media yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Biomassa dapat mempengaruhi beberapa faktor lingkungan seperti pH, cahaya matahari, aerasi, predator dan ketersediaan bahan organik dalam media. Sedangkan perkembangan cacing tanah ditandai dengan kemampuan cacing tanah (Pheretima sp)dalam menghasilkan kokon.Vermikomposting adalah proses dekomposisi bahan organik yang melibatkan kerjasama antara cacing tanah dan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi imbangan feses sapi dan kulit kopi terhadap biomassa dan kualitas vermikompos cacing tanah(Pheretima sp). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai bulan Mei 2018 di Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu Kota Bengkulu.Variabel penelitian yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu biomassa cacing tanah (Pheretima sp), susut media, kandungan hara pada kompos, suhu, Ph dan kelembaban. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan 5 ulangan. Setiap ulangan berisi 10 ekor cacing tanah (Pheretima sp) umur 2-3 hari yang diletakkan secara acak pada kotak papan percobaan. Perlakuan yang diberikan; P1 = 100% feses sapi, P2 = 10% kulit kopi + 90% feses sapi, P3 = 20% kulit kopi + 80% feses sapi, P4 = 30% kulit kopi + 70% feses sapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian media 30% kulit kopi + 70% feses sapi dan 20% kulit kopi + 80% feses sapi berpengaruh nyata (P
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PENGARUH IMBANGAN FESES SAPI DAN KULIT BIJI KOPI TERHADAP REPRODUKSI CACING TANAH (Pheretima sp)
2018Co-Authors: Gani, Muhajir Abdul, Bieng Brata, Jarmuji JarmujiAbstract:Cacing tanah merupakan salah satu jenis fauna yang ikut melengkapi khasana hayati fauna indonesia dan termasuk kedalam kelompok hewan tingkat rendah, tidak bertulang belakang (Invertebrata) dan merupakan kelompok annelida atau cacing bersegmen. Ada beberapa manfaat dari cacing tanah (Pheretima sp) diantaranya yaitu pakan ternak dan bahan pembuatan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh manakah yang paling baik dari ke empat perlakuan dengan menggunakan imbangan feses sapi dan kulit biji kopi terhadap reproduksi cacing tanah (Pheretima sp). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari tanggal 6 maret 2018 sampai 4 mei 2018 bertempat di Pondokan iyon Jl. Pematang Said Kel. Kandang limun Universitas Bengkulu, Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu, Kota Bengkulu. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan masing-masing ulangan menggunakan 10 ekor cacing tanah (Pheretima sp) umur 2-3 hari. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah P1 = 100 % feses sapi, P2 = 90% feses sapi dan 10% kulit biji kopi, P3 = 80% feses sapi dan 20% kulit biji kopi, P4 = 70% feses sapi dan 30% kulit biji kopi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan statistik menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila ada perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Mult ipl e Range T es t (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian media 70% feses sapi dan 30% kulit biji kopi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P
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IMBANGAN PEMBERIAN LIMBAH BIOGAS DENGAN SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI CAMPURAN MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CACING TANAH (Pheretima sp)
2017Co-Authors: Simbolon, Ardha Magrisa, Brata Bieng, Jarmuji JarmujiAbstract:Hingga saat ini lebih kurang 1800 spesies cacing tanah yang telah diidentifikasi dan diklasifikasikan, sembilan spesies sudah dibudidayakan dan empat dari spesies itu dikembangkan sebagai ternak potensial bagi kepentingan komersial yaitu Eisenia Foetida, Lubricus Rubellus, dan Esinea Eugania yang merupakan 80-90 persen dari total cacing tanah komersial di Eropa, Amerika Serikat, dan Kanada serta Pheretima Asiatica yang hanya dikembangkan di Asia sebagai cacing tanah komersial. Cacing tanah merupakan hewan yang tidak memiliki tulang belakang (invertebrata) bertubuh lunak yang termasuk hewan tingkat rendah. cacing tanah memiliki ciri-ciri tubuh yang sangat khusus dibandingkan dengan lainnya, tubuhnya terdiri dari segmen-segmen teratur seperti cincin (annalus) sehingga cacing tanah dimasukkan kedalam kelompok annelida. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Betungan kota Bengkulu pada 24 Desember 2016 – 24 Februari 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi imbangan pemberian limbah biogas dengan sekam padi sebagai campuran media terhadap pertumbuhan cacing Pheretima sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan cacing tanah Pheretima sp. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, setiap ulangan menggunakan 10 ekor cacing tanah Pheretima sp berumur 2-3 hari dengan perlakuan yang diberikan antara lain ; P0= 100% feses sapi, P1 = 25% feses sapi + 50% limbah biogas + 25% sekam padi, P2 = 25% feses sapi + 25% limbah biogas + 50% sekam padi, P3 = 25% feses sapi + 37,5% limbah biogas + 37,5% sekam padi. Hasil penelitian ini berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan cacing tanah Pheretima sp. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disarankan pemberian limbah biogas sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai media tumbuh cacing tanah Pheretima s
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IMBANGAN LIMBAH BATANG PISANG DAN SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI CAMPURAN MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CACING TANAH (Pheretima sp)
2017Co-Authors: Nazarudin Nazarudin, Jarmuji Jarmuji, Brata BiengAbstract:Cacing tanah merupakan hewan yang tidak memiliki tulang belakang (invertebrata) bertubuh lunak yang termasuk hewan tingkat rendah. Cacing tanah memiliki ciri-ciri tubuh yang sangat khusus dibandingkan dengan lain, tubuhnnya terdiri dari segmen-segmen teratur seperti cincin (annalus) sehingga cacing tanah dimasukkan kedalam kelompok (annelida). Limbah batang pisang dan sekam padi sangat jarang dimanfaatkan dan jumlahnya sangat melimpah, sehingga limbah batang pisang dan sekam padi menjadi limbah dikalangan masyarakat. Limbah batang pisang dan sekam padi mempunyai potensi yang cukup baik apabila dikelola, salah satu potensi yang dapat digunakan yaitu media cacing tanah (Pheretima sp). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Desa Sunda Kelapa, Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian telah berlangsung selama 2 bulan dari bulan Oktober-Desember 2015 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui imbangan limbah batang pisang dan sekam padi yang tepat sebagai campuran media terhadap pertumbuhan cacing tanah (Pheretima sp). Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan 5 ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdiri atas 10 ekor anak cacing tanah (Pheretima sp) yang berumur 3-5 hari pada masing-masing unit pemeliharaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam (ANOVA), bila terdapat terpengaruh yang nyata diuji dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Variabel yang diamati adalah pertambahan bobot badan induk, pertambahan bobot badan anak dan produksi biomassa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertambahan bobot badan induk cacing tanah (Pheretima sp) bahwa pemberian 100 % feses sapi, 50 % limbah batang pisang + 25 % sekam padi + 25 % feses sapi, 25 % limbah batang pisang + 50 % sekam padi + 25 % feses sapi, 37,5 % limbah batang pisang + 37,5 % sekam padi + 25 % selama 60 hari pengamatan memperlihatkkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan induk cacing tanah (Pheretima sp), dari pertambahan bobot badan anak menunnjukkan berbeda sangat nyata (P
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Kolaborasi Messessaba (Media Feses Sapi dan Feses Domba) terhadap Respon Cacing Tanah (Pheretima Sp)
BPFP Universitas Bengkulu, 2017Co-Authors: I. R. Dani, Jarmuji Jarmuji, A. W. N. Pratama, D. A. NugrahaAbstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi imbangan feses sapi dan domba sebagai media untuk pertumbuhan dan mortalitas cacing tanah (Pheretima sp). Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, masing–masing ulangan berisi 10 ekor cacing tanah Pheretima sp berumur 2-3 hari dengan perlakuan yang diberikan antara lain ; P1 = 50% sekam padi + 50% feses (100% feses sapi), P2 = 50% sekam padi + 50% feses (75% feses sapi + 25% feses domba), P3 = 50% sekam padi + 50% feses (50% feses sapi + 50% feses domba), P4 = 50% sekam padi + 50% feses (25% feses sapi + 75% feses domba), P5 = 50% sekam padi + 50% feses (100% feses domba). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi penggunaan feses domba dapat menurunkan pertambahan bobot badan dan meningkatkan mortalitas cacing tanah (Pheretima sp). Penggunaan 100% feses sapi sebagai media menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik dari semua perlakuan. Kata kunci: cacing tanah, pertumbuhan, imbangan media, mortalita
Chuan-qi Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Background Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. Method RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. Results GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. Conclusion These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases
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Pheretima aspergillum decoction suppresses inflammation and relieves asthma in a mouse model of bronchial asthma by NF-κB inhibition
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2016Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Ling Gong, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance and aim of the study Guang-Pheretima, the live form of the earthworm Pheretima aspergillum , is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used for the treatment of asthma, cough, stroke, epilepsy and other diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-seizure, thrombolytic and diuretic properties. Although Guang-Pheretima is effective in the relief of asthma, its pharmacological activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we investigated the effects of a Pheretima aspergillum decoction (PAD) against inflammation in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in BALB/c mice, as well as the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway involved in this process. Materials and methods OVA was used to sensitize and challenge the airway of the mice, and PAD was administrated by gavage. We measured airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the mice 24 h following a final methacholine challenge with whole-body plethysmography. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum and pulmonary tissues were collected 48 h after the last challenge. The levels of inflammatory factors and the related mRNAs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The number of differential inflammatory cells in the BALF was counted. Serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels were measured with ELISA. The activation of NF-κB signaling in the lung was detected by western blotting. In addition, the lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid Schiff stain for histopathological examination. Results PAD treatment significantly alleviated AHR in the asthmatic mice, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and downregulated IgE. In addition, PAD treatment attenuated mucus secretion and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung while inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling. Conclusions PAD effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling in the lungs of mice with OVA-induced asthma, and mitigated AHR and Th2 type inflammatory reactions. Therefore, PAD may serve as a drug candidate for asthma treatment.
Kelin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differences in the bioaccumulation of selenium by two earthworm species Pheretima guillemi and eisenia fetida
Chemosphere, 2018Co-Authors: Kongcao Xiao, Dejun Li, Hao Chen, Min Song, Kelin WangAbstract:Abstract Information on the bioaccumulation of selenium (Se) in soil invertebrates (e.g. earthworms) is rather scarce. In the present study, bioaccumulation of Se in two eco-physiologically different earthworms, namely anecic Pheretima guillemi and epigeic Eisenia fetida , was determined after 28 days exposure to a successive doses of Se-spiked soil, specifically 0.5, 5, 50, and 200 μg Se g −1 soil. The results showed that Se concentration in earthworms elevated with increasing exposure levels, and maximums were up to 54.6 and 83.0 μg g −1 dry weight in Pheretima guillemi and Eisenia fetida , respectively, after 4 weeks exposure to 200 μg Se g −1 soil. Exposure to Se caused significant inhibition on earthworm growth, with the fresh weight loss ranging from 8.9% to 80.5%. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs), empirically-derived and non-steady state, ranged from 0.12 to 4.17 and generally declined at higher exposure levels. Moreover, BAFs of Pheretima guillemi were higher than those of Eisenia fetida in low-dose Se-spiked soils, but the opposite was true in high-dose soils, indicating there is a species-specific response to exposure of Se between different earthworms. Further research is thus needed to reveal the accumulation pattern of Se in a wider range of earthworm species other than Eisenia fetida , which allows a better risk assessment of excessive Se to soil invertebrates and higher order organisms.
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differences in the bioaccumulation of selenium by two earthworm species Pheretima guillemi and eisenia fetida
Chemosphere, 2018Co-Authors: Kongcao Xiao, Dejun Li, Hao Chen, Min Song, Kelin WangAbstract:Abstract Information on the bioaccumulation of selenium (Se) in soil invertebrates (e.g. earthworms) is rather scarce. In the present study, bioaccumulation of Se in two eco-physiologically different earthworms, namely anecic Pheretima guillemi and epigeic Eisenia fetida , was determined after 28 days exposure to a successive doses of Se-spiked soil, specifically 0.5, 5, 50, and 200 μg Se g −1 soil. The results showed that Se concentration in earthworms elevated with increasing exposure levels, and maximums were up to 54.6 and 83.0 μg g −1 dry weight in Pheretima guillemi and Eisenia fetida , respectively, after 4 weeks exposure to 200 μg Se g −1 soil. Exposure to Se caused significant inhibition on earthworm growth, with the fresh weight loss ranging from 8.9% to 80.5%. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs), empirically-derived and non-steady state, ranged from 0.12 to 4.17 and generally declined at higher exposure levels. Moreover, BAFs of Pheretima guillemi were higher than those of Eisenia fetida in low-dose Se-spiked soils, but the opposite was true in high-dose soils, indicating there is a species-specific response to exposure of Se between different earthworms. Further research is thus needed to reveal the accumulation pattern of Se in a wider range of earthworm species other than Eisenia fetida , which allows a better risk assessment of excessive Se to soil invertebrates and higher order organisms.
Qiu-feng Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases.
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Anti-inflammatory activities of Guang-Pheretima extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Background Guang-Pheretima, which is originated from Pheretima aspergillum, has been documented in academic Chinese herbal studies for nearly 2000 years for its prominent treating effects of various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cough and fever. However, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of Guang-Pheretima has been rarely reported. Hence, we investigated the inhibitory effect and the underlying mechanism of Guang-Pheretima aqueous extracts on inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. Method RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations of Guang-Pheretima decoction (GPD) or protein-free Guang-Pheretima decoction (PF-GPD) and subsequently stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger the inflammatory response. Productions of nitric oxide (NO) were determined by Griess reaction, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The protein expressions and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amounts of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were analyzed by Western Blot and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Finally, the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was observed by Western Blot. Results GPD of the experimental concentrations showed no anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, PF-GPD at concentrations of 40–320 μg/mL significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2, TNF-α, as well as the related key synthases including iNOS and COX-2. Moreover, PF-GPD markedly suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6. Conclusion These results demonstrate the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of PF-GPD, and suggest that Guang-Pheretima may be used to treat and prevent certain inflammatory diseases
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Pheretima aspergillum decoction suppresses inflammation and relieves asthma in a mouse model of bronchial asthma by NF-κB inhibition
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2016Co-Authors: Chuan-qi Huang, Qiu-feng Zhang, Li-hong Chen, Wei-ming Chen, Ling Gong, Hong-chao ZhangAbstract:Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance and aim of the study Guang-Pheretima, the live form of the earthworm Pheretima aspergillum , is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used for the treatment of asthma, cough, stroke, epilepsy and other diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-seizure, thrombolytic and diuretic properties. Although Guang-Pheretima is effective in the relief of asthma, its pharmacological activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we investigated the effects of a Pheretima aspergillum decoction (PAD) against inflammation in a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in BALB/c mice, as well as the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway involved in this process. Materials and methods OVA was used to sensitize and challenge the airway of the mice, and PAD was administrated by gavage. We measured airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the mice 24 h following a final methacholine challenge with whole-body plethysmography. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum and pulmonary tissues were collected 48 h after the last challenge. The levels of inflammatory factors and the related mRNAs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The number of differential inflammatory cells in the BALF was counted. Serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels were measured with ELISA. The activation of NF-κB signaling in the lung was detected by western blotting. In addition, the lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or periodic acid Schiff stain for histopathological examination. Results PAD treatment significantly alleviated AHR in the asthmatic mice, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and downregulated IgE. In addition, PAD treatment attenuated mucus secretion and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung while inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling. Conclusions PAD effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling in the lungs of mice with OVA-induced asthma, and mitigated AHR and Th2 type inflammatory reactions. Therefore, PAD may serve as a drug candidate for asthma treatment.