The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hiroaki Yamauchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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factors affecting the digestibility of raw and gelatinized potato starches
Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Naoto Hashimoto, Hiroaki Yamauchi, Tatsuro Suzuki, N S Kottearachchi, I S M ZaidulAbstract:The enzymatic digestibilities of raw and gelatinized starches in various potato starches, as well as sweet potato, cassava, and yam starches, were estimated, along with other starch properties, such as the Phosphorus Content, median granule size, and rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting properties. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between the hydrolysis rates (HR) by amylase and other starch quality parameters. A larger granule size was closely associated with a lower HR in raw starch, while the HR in gelatinized starch did not correlate with the median granule size. An increase in Phosphorus Content resulted in a definitely lower HR in raw starch and tended to decrease the HR in gelatinized starch for the composite of potato and other starches. In contrast, no correlation coefficients of the Phosphorus Content with the HRs in raw and gelatinized starches were observed within potato starches. Starches with higher peak viscosity and breakdown showed a lower HR in raw starch, while few or no effects of these RVA parameters on the HR in gelatinized starch were observed for the composite of potato and other starches or among potato starches, respectively.
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determination of the Phosphorus Content in potato starch using an energy dispersive x ray fluorescence method
Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shogo Tsuda, Motoyuki Mori, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Sunju Kim, Naoto Hashimoto, Hiroaki YamauchiAbstract:Potato starch is unique because of its high starch Phosphorus Content. The textural characteristics of potato starch change due to the presence of the starch phosphate. Thus, the measurement of Phosphorus in potato starch is needed, but conventional methods require a considerable amount of time and labour. In this investigation, a simple and fast analytical procedure has been developed for the determination of the Phosphorus Content of potato starch with a non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique. Potato starch samples were analyzed as pressed pellets using detection times of 200 s. Reference values, measured by a conventional method, namely, wet chemical analysis, were used to calibrate the ED-XRF. Calibration was done using 20 potato starch samples, and the results were validated using a second set of 15 samples. The results indicated the validity of ED-XRF as a rapid and non-destructive method for the quantitative determination of Phosphorus Content of potato starch. Based on the combined results of ED-XRF and Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA), ED-XRF is promising for predicting the peak viscosity, by RVA, of potato starch paste through the measurement of starch Phosphorus Content.
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the effect of harvest dates on the starch properties of various potato cultivars
Food Chemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shogo Tsuda, Motoyuki Mori, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Katsuichi Saito, Wickramasinghe Hetti Arachichige Mangalika, Akihiro Hanaoka, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Hiroaki YamauchiAbstract:The effect of harvest dates on the starch properties of six potato cultivars was studied. The focus was on the Content of amylose and Phosphorus, mean granule size, viscosity analysis by rapid visco analyzer, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry, and chain length distribution of amylopectin. A late harvest date significantly enhanced mean granule size, the Phosphorus Content, peak viscosity and breakdown. Furthermore, a late harvest date led to significant but slight decreases in amylose Content, pasting temperature, and gelatinization temperature. In contrast, harvest date had no influences on gelatinization enthalpy on distribution of the shorter chain lengths of amylopectin. The correlation coefficients were calculated among these starch properties, and starch Phosphorus Content was found to have positively significant correlations with the peak viscosity and breakdown.
Kirsten Remmen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of high salt concentration on Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge and dewatering properties
Journal of water process engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Kirsten Remmen, Claudia Niewersch, Thomas Wintgens, Suleyman Yuce, Matthias WesslingAbstract:Abstract Phosphorus is an essential element in the life cycle of all organisms. Phosphorus rock is mined to produce fertilizers which are necessary to gain high crop yields. Phosphorus rock is limited, predictions of experts vary between 60 and 300 years availability of mineral deposits. A high Phosphorus level in water bodies leads to eutrophication which is not only harmful to aquatic ecosystems but can also be a hazard for humans. Sewage sludge in wastewater treatment plants acts as a Phosphorus sink and hence represents a promising source for Phosphorus recovery. This paper is a study on the influence of high salinity waters on the dissolved Phosphorus Content in the liquid phase of waste activated sludge. Next to the dissolution effectiveness as a function of the sodium chloride concentration, the influence of the salt dose on the dewaterability is investigated. It is demonstrated that it is possible to increase the Phosphorus Content in the liquid phase by high salinity. Furthermore the sludge structure is changed which is beneficial for dewatering processes. In fact, dosing of salt can enhance Phosphorus recovery efficiently in cases in which brines or residual salt is available close by wastewater treatment facilities.
James J. Elser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the metabolic basis of whole organism rna and Phosphorus Content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005Co-Authors: James J. Elser, James F Gillooly, Andrew P Allen, James H Brown, Carlos Martinez Del Rio, Van M Savage, Geoffrey B WestAbstract:Understanding the storage, flux, and turnover of nutrients in organisms is important for quantifying contributions of biota to biogeochemical cycles. Here we present a model that predicts the storage of Phosphorus-rich RNA and whole-body Phosphorus Content in eukaryotes based on the mass- and temperature- dependence of ATP production in mitochondria. Data from a broad assortment of eukaryotes support the model's two main predic- tions. First, whole-body RNA concentration is proportional to mitochondrial density and consequently scales with body mass to the14 power. Second, whole-body Phosphorus Content declines with increasing body mass in eukaryotic unicells but approaches a relatively constant value in large multicellular animals because the fraction of Phosphorus in RNA decreases relative to the fraction in other pools. Extension of the model shows that differences in the flux of RNA-associated Phosphorus are due to the size dependen- cies of metabolic rate and RNA concentration. Thus, the model explicitly links two biological currencies at the individual level: energy in the form of ATP and materials in the form of Phosphorus, both of which are critical to the functioning of ecosystems. The model provides a framework for linking attributes of individuals to the storage and flux of Phosphorus in ecosystems.
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allometric and phylogenetic variation in insect Phosphorus Content
Functional Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: H A Woods, James J. Elser, William F Fagan, Jon F HarrisonAbstract:Summary 1 Phosphorus Content was measured in adult insects and arachnids from 170 species collected in the Sonoran Desert. 2 Across insect body sizes spanning four orders of magnitude, Phosphorus Content was inversely related to body mass. The largest species (∼1 g dry) had Phosphorus Contents that were only about 60% (0·62% P absolute) as high as Phosphorus Contents of the smallest species (∼0·0001 g dry; 0·97% P). Negative Phosphorus allometry was observed within each of seven insect orders and within arachnids. 3 Phosphorus Contents of insect predators and herbivores were statistically indistinguishable. 4 More recently derived orders tended to have lower Phosphorus Contents – with the exception of the most recently derived group (Panorpida = Diptera + Lepidoptera), which had high Phosphorus Contents.
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Growth responses of littoral mayflies to the Phosphorus Content of their food
Ecology Letters, 2002Co-Authors: Paul C. Frost, James J. ElserAbstract:We examined how mayfly growth rates and body stoichiometry respond to changing Phosphorus (P) Content in food. In two experiments, mayfly nymphs were given high or low quantities of food at different carbon:Phosphorus (C:P) ratios and their growth was measured. Low food quantity resulted in negative growth rates in both experiments, regardless of food P Content. However, under high food availability, mayfly growth was affected by the type of food eaten, with low C:P ratio food producing more rapid growth. In addition, mayfly growth increased somewhat when P-poor food was artificially enriched with inorganic P although this effect was not statistically significant. Mayfly body P Content was inversely related to body size but increased in animals fed artificially P-enriched food. A model was constructed to simulate mass balance constraints on mayfly growth imposed by the relative supply of two elements (C and P) in food. The model shows that mayfly growth should be limited by food P Content at moderately low C:P ratios (c. 120, by mass). Given high C:P ratios (mean c. 270, by mass) in periphyton from oligotrophic boreal lakes, our experimental and theoretical results indicate that stoichiometric constraints are important factors affecting benthic food webs in lakes from the Canadian Shield and perhaps in other systems with similarly high C:P ratios in periphyton.
Takahiro Noda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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factors affecting the digestibility of raw and gelatinized potato starches
Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Naoto Hashimoto, Hiroaki Yamauchi, Tatsuro Suzuki, N S Kottearachchi, I S M ZaidulAbstract:The enzymatic digestibilities of raw and gelatinized starches in various potato starches, as well as sweet potato, cassava, and yam starches, were estimated, along with other starch properties, such as the Phosphorus Content, median granule size, and rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting properties. Furthermore, correlation coefficients were calculated between the hydrolysis rates (HR) by amylase and other starch quality parameters. A larger granule size was closely associated with a lower HR in raw starch, while the HR in gelatinized starch did not correlate with the median granule size. An increase in Phosphorus Content resulted in a definitely lower HR in raw starch and tended to decrease the HR in gelatinized starch for the composite of potato and other starches. In contrast, no correlation coefficients of the Phosphorus Content with the HRs in raw and gelatinized starches were observed within potato starches. Starches with higher peak viscosity and breakdown showed a lower HR in raw starch, while few or no effects of these RVA parameters on the HR in gelatinized starch were observed for the composite of potato and other starches or among potato starches, respectively.
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determination of the Phosphorus Content in potato starch using an energy dispersive x ray fluorescence method
Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shogo Tsuda, Motoyuki Mori, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Sunju Kim, Naoto Hashimoto, Hiroaki YamauchiAbstract:Potato starch is unique because of its high starch Phosphorus Content. The textural characteristics of potato starch change due to the presence of the starch phosphate. Thus, the measurement of Phosphorus in potato starch is needed, but conventional methods require a considerable amount of time and labour. In this investigation, a simple and fast analytical procedure has been developed for the determination of the Phosphorus Content of potato starch with a non-destructive energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique. Potato starch samples were analyzed as pressed pellets using detection times of 200 s. Reference values, measured by a conventional method, namely, wet chemical analysis, were used to calibrate the ED-XRF. Calibration was done using 20 potato starch samples, and the results were validated using a second set of 15 samples. The results indicated the validity of ED-XRF as a rapid and non-destructive method for the quantitative determination of Phosphorus Content of potato starch. Based on the combined results of ED-XRF and Rapid Visco-Analyzer (RVA), ED-XRF is promising for predicting the peak viscosity, by RVA, of potato starch paste through the measurement of starch Phosphorus Content.
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the effect of harvest dates on the starch properties of various potato cultivars
Food Chemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Takahiro Noda, Shogo Tsuda, Motoyuki Mori, Shigenobu Takigawa, Chie Matsuuraendo, Katsuichi Saito, Wickramasinghe Hetti Arachichige Mangalika, Akihiro Hanaoka, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Hiroaki YamauchiAbstract:The effect of harvest dates on the starch properties of six potato cultivars was studied. The focus was on the Content of amylose and Phosphorus, mean granule size, viscosity analysis by rapid visco analyzer, thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry, and chain length distribution of amylopectin. A late harvest date significantly enhanced mean granule size, the Phosphorus Content, peak viscosity and breakdown. Furthermore, a late harvest date led to significant but slight decreases in amylose Content, pasting temperature, and gelatinization temperature. In contrast, harvest date had no influences on gelatinization enthalpy on distribution of the shorter chain lengths of amylopectin. The correlation coefficients were calculated among these starch properties, and starch Phosphorus Content was found to have positively significant correlations with the peak viscosity and breakdown.
Yoshiaki Nakano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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strain effect for different Phosphorus Content of ingaas gaasp super lattice in gaas p i n single junction solar cell
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2014Co-Authors: Kentaroh Watanabe, Yunpeng Wang, Hassanet Sodabanlu, Masakazu Sugiyama, Yoshiaki NakanoAbstract:Abstract The GaAs p–i–n single junction solar cell with InGaAs/GaAsP super-lattice (SL) in the i-region was fabricated by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Using the in situ wafer curvature monitoring, a series of SL solar cell samples with different Phosphorus composition in the barrier GaAsP layer was evaluated the accumulated strain during MOVPE growth. The sample with larger Phosphorus Content in GaAsP barrier layer reduced total strain accumulation, resulted in improved solar cell performance regardless to the higher potential barrier. This result indicated the about 3-nm thick barrier is sufficiently thin for carrier extraction by assisting the tunneling effect. Furthermore, the accumulated strain during MOVPE growth of SL deteriorate solar cell.
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strain effect for different Phosphorus Content of ingaas gaasp super lattice in gaas p i n single junction solar cell
Journal of Crystal Growth, 2014Co-Authors: Kentaroh Watanabe, Yunpeng Wang, Hassanet Sodabanlu, Masakazu Sugiyama, Yoshiaki NakanoAbstract:Abstract The GaAs p–i–n single junction solar cell with InGaAs/GaAsP super-lattice (SL) in the i-region was fabricated by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Using the in situ wafer curvature monitoring, a series of SL solar cell samples with different Phosphorus composition in the barrier GaAsP layer was evaluated the accumulated strain during MOVPE growth. The sample with larger Phosphorus Content in GaAsP barrier layer reduced total strain accumulation, resulted in improved solar cell performance regardless to the higher potential barrier. This result indicated the about 3-nm thick barrier is sufficiently thin for carrier extraction by assisting the tunneling effect. Furthermore, the accumulated strain during MOVPE growth of SL deteriorate solar cell.