The Experts below are selected from a list of 4749 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Satomi Onoue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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photosafety assessments on pirfenidone photochemical photobiological and pharmacokinetic characterization
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology, 2013Co-Authors: Yoshiki Seto, Shizuo Yamada, Masashi Kato, Ryo Inoue, Satomi OnoueAbstract:Abstract Pirfenidone (PFD), an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis drug, has Phototoxic risk in clinical use, although its detailed mechanisms for the Phototoxicity have never been fully elucidated. In the present study, the photochemical properties and in vitro Phototoxicity of PFD were evaluated with a focus on ultraviolet absorption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, photodynamic lipid peroxidation, and DNA photocleavage. To clarify the in vivo Phototoxic behavior of PFD, photoirritation and pharmacokinetic characteristics were also assessed in rats after its oral administration. There was marked generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide from PFD upon exposure to simulated sunlight, suggesting its high photoreactivity and Phototoxic potential. Photobiochemical studies demonstrated the potent in vitro photoirritation of PFD, but not its photogenotoxic risk. Pharmacokinetic profiling and in vivo Phototoxicity testing on PFD at a dose of 160 mg/kg suggested that highly concentrated PFD in the skin might cause Phototoxic skin reactions in rats, whereas PFD at 30 mg/kg was far less Phototoxic, possibly due to the limited skin deposition. From these findings, a high dose of orally administered PFD might cause Phototoxic skin responses, possibly via a ROS-mediated photoirritant pathway.
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inhalable powder formulation of pirfenidone with reduced Phototoxic risk for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis
Pharmaceutical Research, 2013Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Kojo, Yoshiki Seto, Yosuke Aoki, Masashi Kato, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:Purpose Orally-taken pirfenidone (PFD), an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis drug, often causes severe Phototoxicity. Present study aimed to develop a respirable powder formulation for PFD (PFD-RP) to minimize Phototoxic risk.
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high throughput screening system for identifying Phototoxic potential of drug candidates based on derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites
Pharmaceutical Research, 2010Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Seto, Naoko Igarashi, Masanori Ochi, Graham Gandy, Yukinori Yamauchi, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:The present study aimed to develop a high-throughput screening strategy for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances, using a derivatives-of-reactive-oxygen-metabolites (D-ROM) assay. The assay conditions of the D-ROM assay were optimized with a focus on screening run time, sensitivity, solvent system, and reproducibility. The Phototoxic potentials of 25 model compounds were assessed by the D-ROM assay, as well as by other screening systems for comparison, including the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the DNA-photocleavage assay, and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (3T3 NRU PT). Some Phototoxic drugs tended to yield D-ROM when exposed to simulated sunlight (250 W/m2), whereas D-ROM generation was negligible for non-Phototoxic chemicals. Compared with the ROS assay, the assay procedure for the D-ROM assay was highly simplified with a marked reduction in screening run time. Comparative experiments also demonstrated that D-ROM data were related to the outcomes of the DNA-photocleavage assay and the 3T3 NRU PT, with prediction accuracies of 76 and 72%, respectively. The D-ROM assay has potential for identifying the Phototoxic potential of a large number of new drugs as a 1st screening system in the early stages of drug discovery.
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reactive oxygen species assay based risk assessment of drug induced Phototoxicity classification criteria and application to drug candidates
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshiki Seto, Satomi Onoue, Kiyoshi Kawamura, Naoko Igarashi, Yu Zhou, Masaaki Fujikawa, Hiroshi Yamada, Yoshiko Tsuda, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:We have previously demonstrated that the Phototoxic potential of chemicals could be partly predicted by the determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from photo-irradiated compounds. In this study, ROS assay strategy was applied to 39 marketed drugs and 210 drug candidates in order to establish provisional classification criteria for risk assessment of drug-induced Phototoxicity. The photosensitizing properties of 39 model compounds consisting of Phototoxic and non-Phototoxic chemicals, as well as ca. 210 drug candidates including 11 chemical series were evaluated using ROS assay and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (NRU PT). With respect to marketed drugs, most Phototoxic drugs tended to cause type I and/or II photochemical reactions, resulting in generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide. There seemed to be a clear difference between Phototoxic drugs and non-Phototoxic compounds in their abilities to induce photochemical reactions. A plot analysis of ROS data on the marked drugs provided classification criteria to discriminate the photosensitizers from non-Phototoxic substances. Of all drug candidates tested, 35.2% compounds were identified as Phototoxic or likely Phototoxic on the basis of the 3T3 NRU PT, and all ROS data for these Phototoxic compounds were found to be over the threshold value. Furthermore, 46.3% of non-Phototoxic drug candidates were found to be in the subthreshold region. These results verify the usefulness of the ROS assay for understanding the Phototoxicity risk of pharmaceutical substances, and the ROS assay can be used for screening purposes in the drug discovery stage.
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high throughput reactive oxygen species ros assay an enabling technology for screening the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Shizuo Yamada, Naoko Igarashi, Yoshiko TsudaAbstract:Recently, attention has been drawn to drug-induced Phototoxic skin responses, and avoidance of this undesired side effect is necessary for pharmaceutical development. We previously proposed that determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from photoirradiated compounds would be effective for the prediction of the Phototoxic potential. In this investigation, a high-throughput ROS assay system was developed using a multiwell plate and quartz reaction container. The experimental conditions of irradiance uniformity, UV intensity, exposure time, temperature and solvent systems were found to affect the generation of ROS, and thus the conditions of the ROS assay were optimized. The intra- and inter-day R.S.D. values for the determination of ROS from quinine (200 microM) irradiated at 250 W/m(2) for 1h was found to be less than 3.3 and 4.5%, respectively. The results from the ROS assay of 39 compounds allowed us to estimate classification criteria to identify the ability of Phototoxic/photochemical responses. The developed assay system will be an effective tool for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical candidates in early stage of pharmaceutical development.
Joan E Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Photobiology of Lutein and Zeaxanthin in the Eye
Journal of ophthalmology, 2015Co-Authors: Joan E Roberts, Jessica DennisonAbstract:Lutein and zeaxanthin are antioxidants found in the human retina and macula. Recent clinical trials have determined that age- and diet-related loss of lutein and zeaxanthin enhances Phototoxic damage to the human eye and that supplementation of these carotenoids has a protective effect against photoinduced damage to the lens and the retina. Two of the major mechanisms of protection offered by lutein and zeaxanthin against age-related blue light damage are the quenching of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species and the absorption of blue light. Determining the specific reactive intermediate(s) produced by a particular Phototoxic ocular chromophore not only defines the mechanism of toxicity but can also later be used as a tool to prevent damage.
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detection and prevention of ocular Phototoxicity of ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolone antibiotics
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2010Co-Authors: Baozhong Zhao, Colin F Chignell, Usha P Andley, Mustapha Rammal, Frank Smith, Mary G Hamilton, Joan E RobertsAbstract:Fluoroquinolone (FLQ) drugs are a potent family of antibiotics used to treat infections including ocular infections. To determine if these antibiotics may be Phototoxic to the eye, we exposed human lens epithelial cells to 0.125-1 mm FLQs (ciprofloxacin [Cipro], lomefloxacin [Lome], norfloxacin [Nor] and ofloxacin [Ofl]), the precursor quinolone nalidixic acid (Nalid) and UVA radiation (2.5 J cm(-2)). Based on fluorescence confocal microscopy, FLQs are diffused throughout the cytoplasm and preferentially located in the lysosomes of lens epithelial cells. Neither FLQ exposure alone nor UVA exposure alone reduced cell viability. However, with exposure to UVA radiation the FLQs studied (Cipro, Nor, Lome and Ofl) induced a Phototoxic reaction that included necrosis, apoptosis, loss of cell viability as measured by MTS, and membrane damage as determined by the lactate dehydrogenase assay. Both Nalid and all FLQs studied (Cipro, Nor, Lome and Ofl) photopolymerized the lens protein alpha-crystallin. Phototoxic damage to lens epithelial cells and/or alpha-crystallin will lead to a loss of transparency of the human lens. However, if precautions are taken to filter all UV radiation from the eye while taking these antibiotics, eye damage may be prevented.
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Phototoxicity and cytotoxicity of fullerol in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2010Co-Authors: Albert R Wielgus, Baozhong Zhao, Colin F Chignell, Joan E RobertsAbstract:Abstract The water-soluble nanoparticle hydroxylated fullerene [fullerol, nano-C 60 (OH) 22–26 ] has several clinical applications including use as a drug carrier to bypass the blood ocular barriers. We have previously found that fullerol is both cytotoxic and Phototoxic to human lens epithelial cells (HLE B-3) and that the endogenous antioxidant lutein blocked some of this Phototoxicity. In the present study we have found that fullerol induces cytotoxic and Phototoxic damage to human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Accumulation of nano-C 60 (OH) 22–26 in the cells was confirmed spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, and cell viability, cell metabolism and membrane permeability were estimated using trypan blue, MTS and LDH assays, respectively. Fullerol was cytotoxic toward hRPE cells maintained in the dark at concentrations higher than 10 μM. Exposure to an 8.5 J·cm − 2 dose of visible light in the presence of > 5 μM fullerol induced TBARS formation and early apoptosis, indicating Phototoxic damage in the form of lipid peroxidation. Pretreatment with 10 and 20 μM lutein offered some protection against fullerol photodamage. Using time resolved photophysical techniques, we have now confirmed that fullerol produces singlet oxygen with a quantum yield of Φ = 0.05 in D 2 O and with a range of 0.002–0.139 in various solvents. As our previous studies have shown that fullerol also produces superoxide in the presence of light, retinal Phototoxic damage may occur through both type I (free radical) and type II (singlet oxygen) mechanisms. In conclusion, ocular exposure to fullerol, particularly in the presence of sunlight, may lead to retinal damage.
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Phototoxicity in human retinal pigment epithelial cells promoted by hypericin a component of st john s wort
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2007Co-Authors: Albert R Wielgus, Colin F Chignell, David S Miller, Ben Van Houten, Joel N Meyer, Joan E RobertsAbstract:St. John’s wort (SJW), an over-the-counter antidepressant, contains hypericin, which absorbs light in the UV and visible ranges. In vivo studies have determined that hypericin is Phototoxic to skin and our previous in vitro studies with lens tissues have determined that it is potentially Phototoxic to the human lens. To determine if hypericin might also be Phototoxic to the human retina, we exposed human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells to 10 )7 to 10 )5 M hypericin. Fluorescence emission detected from the cells (kex = 488 nm; kem = 505 nm) confirmed hypericin uptake by human RPE. Neither hypericin exposure alone nor visible light exposure alone reduced cell viability. However when irradiated with 0.7 J cm )2 of visible light (k > 400 nm) there was loss of cell viability as measured by MTS and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The presence of hypericin in irradiated hRPE cells significantly changed the redox equilibrium of glutathione and a decrease in the activity of glutathione reductase. Increased lipid peroxidation as measured by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay correlated to hypericin concentration in hRPE cells and visible light radiation. Thus, ingested SJW is potentially Phototoxic to the retina and could contribute to retinal or early macular degeneration.
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Phototoxicity in human lens epithelial cells promoted by st john s wort
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2004Co-Authors: Colin F Chignell, David S Miller, Usha P Andley, Joan E RobertsAbstract:St. John’s Wort (SJW), an over-the-counter antidepressant, contains hypericin, which absorbs light in the UV and visible ranges and is Phototoxic to skin. To determine if it also could be Phototoxic to the eye, we exposed human lens epithelial cells to 0.1–10 lM hypericin and irradiated them with 4 J/cm 2 UV-A or 0.9 J/cm 2 visible light. Neither hypericin exposure alone nor light exposure alone reduced cell viability. In contrast, cells exposed to hypericin in combination with UV-A or visible light underwent necrosis and apoptosis. The ocular antioxidants lutein and N-acetyl cysteine did not prevent damage. Thus, ingested SJW is potentially Phototoxic to the eye and could contribute to early cataractogenesis. Precautions should be taken to protect the eye from intense sunlight while taking SJW.
Shizuo Yamada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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photosafety assessments on pirfenidone photochemical photobiological and pharmacokinetic characterization
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology, 2013Co-Authors: Yoshiki Seto, Shizuo Yamada, Masashi Kato, Ryo Inoue, Satomi OnoueAbstract:Abstract Pirfenidone (PFD), an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis drug, has Phototoxic risk in clinical use, although its detailed mechanisms for the Phototoxicity have never been fully elucidated. In the present study, the photochemical properties and in vitro Phototoxicity of PFD were evaluated with a focus on ultraviolet absorption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, photodynamic lipid peroxidation, and DNA photocleavage. To clarify the in vivo Phototoxic behavior of PFD, photoirritation and pharmacokinetic characteristics were also assessed in rats after its oral administration. There was marked generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide from PFD upon exposure to simulated sunlight, suggesting its high photoreactivity and Phototoxic potential. Photobiochemical studies demonstrated the potent in vitro photoirritation of PFD, but not its photogenotoxic risk. Pharmacokinetic profiling and in vivo Phototoxicity testing on PFD at a dose of 160 mg/kg suggested that highly concentrated PFD in the skin might cause Phototoxic skin reactions in rats, whereas PFD at 30 mg/kg was far less Phototoxic, possibly due to the limited skin deposition. From these findings, a high dose of orally administered PFD might cause Phototoxic skin responses, possibly via a ROS-mediated photoirritant pathway.
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inhalable powder formulation of pirfenidone with reduced Phototoxic risk for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis
Pharmaceutical Research, 2013Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Kojo, Yoshiki Seto, Yosuke Aoki, Masashi Kato, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:Purpose Orally-taken pirfenidone (PFD), an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis drug, often causes severe Phototoxicity. Present study aimed to develop a respirable powder formulation for PFD (PFD-RP) to minimize Phototoxic risk.
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high throughput screening system for identifying Phototoxic potential of drug candidates based on derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites
Pharmaceutical Research, 2010Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Seto, Naoko Igarashi, Masanori Ochi, Graham Gandy, Yukinori Yamauchi, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:The present study aimed to develop a high-throughput screening strategy for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances, using a derivatives-of-reactive-oxygen-metabolites (D-ROM) assay. The assay conditions of the D-ROM assay were optimized with a focus on screening run time, sensitivity, solvent system, and reproducibility. The Phototoxic potentials of 25 model compounds were assessed by the D-ROM assay, as well as by other screening systems for comparison, including the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the DNA-photocleavage assay, and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (3T3 NRU PT). Some Phototoxic drugs tended to yield D-ROM when exposed to simulated sunlight (250 W/m2), whereas D-ROM generation was negligible for non-Phototoxic chemicals. Compared with the ROS assay, the assay procedure for the D-ROM assay was highly simplified with a marked reduction in screening run time. Comparative experiments also demonstrated that D-ROM data were related to the outcomes of the DNA-photocleavage assay and the 3T3 NRU PT, with prediction accuracies of 76 and 72%, respectively. The D-ROM assay has potential for identifying the Phototoxic potential of a large number of new drugs as a 1st screening system in the early stages of drug discovery.
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reactive oxygen species assay based risk assessment of drug induced Phototoxicity classification criteria and application to drug candidates
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshiki Seto, Satomi Onoue, Kiyoshi Kawamura, Naoko Igarashi, Yu Zhou, Masaaki Fujikawa, Hiroshi Yamada, Yoshiko Tsuda, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:We have previously demonstrated that the Phototoxic potential of chemicals could be partly predicted by the determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from photo-irradiated compounds. In this study, ROS assay strategy was applied to 39 marketed drugs and 210 drug candidates in order to establish provisional classification criteria for risk assessment of drug-induced Phototoxicity. The photosensitizing properties of 39 model compounds consisting of Phototoxic and non-Phototoxic chemicals, as well as ca. 210 drug candidates including 11 chemical series were evaluated using ROS assay and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (NRU PT). With respect to marketed drugs, most Phototoxic drugs tended to cause type I and/or II photochemical reactions, resulting in generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide. There seemed to be a clear difference between Phototoxic drugs and non-Phototoxic compounds in their abilities to induce photochemical reactions. A plot analysis of ROS data on the marked drugs provided classification criteria to discriminate the photosensitizers from non-Phototoxic substances. Of all drug candidates tested, 35.2% compounds were identified as Phototoxic or likely Phototoxic on the basis of the 3T3 NRU PT, and all ROS data for these Phototoxic compounds were found to be over the threshold value. Furthermore, 46.3% of non-Phototoxic drug candidates were found to be in the subthreshold region. These results verify the usefulness of the ROS assay for understanding the Phototoxicity risk of pharmaceutical substances, and the ROS assay can be used for screening purposes in the drug discovery stage.
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high throughput reactive oxygen species ros assay an enabling technology for screening the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Shizuo Yamada, Naoko Igarashi, Yoshiko TsudaAbstract:Recently, attention has been drawn to drug-induced Phototoxic skin responses, and avoidance of this undesired side effect is necessary for pharmaceutical development. We previously proposed that determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from photoirradiated compounds would be effective for the prediction of the Phototoxic potential. In this investigation, a high-throughput ROS assay system was developed using a multiwell plate and quartz reaction container. The experimental conditions of irradiance uniformity, UV intensity, exposure time, temperature and solvent systems were found to affect the generation of ROS, and thus the conditions of the ROS assay were optimized. The intra- and inter-day R.S.D. values for the determination of ROS from quinine (200 microM) irradiated at 250 W/m(2) for 1h was found to be less than 3.3 and 4.5%, respectively. The results from the ROS assay of 39 compounds allowed us to estimate classification criteria to identify the ability of Phototoxic/photochemical responses. The developed assay system will be an effective tool for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical candidates in early stage of pharmaceutical development.
Naoko Igarashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high throughput screening system for identifying Phototoxic potential of drug candidates based on derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites
Pharmaceutical Research, 2010Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Seto, Naoko Igarashi, Masanori Ochi, Graham Gandy, Yukinori Yamauchi, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:The present study aimed to develop a high-throughput screening strategy for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances, using a derivatives-of-reactive-oxygen-metabolites (D-ROM) assay. The assay conditions of the D-ROM assay were optimized with a focus on screening run time, sensitivity, solvent system, and reproducibility. The Phototoxic potentials of 25 model compounds were assessed by the D-ROM assay, as well as by other screening systems for comparison, including the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the DNA-photocleavage assay, and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (3T3 NRU PT). Some Phototoxic drugs tended to yield D-ROM when exposed to simulated sunlight (250 W/m2), whereas D-ROM generation was negligible for non-Phototoxic chemicals. Compared with the ROS assay, the assay procedure for the D-ROM assay was highly simplified with a marked reduction in screening run time. Comparative experiments also demonstrated that D-ROM data were related to the outcomes of the DNA-photocleavage assay and the 3T3 NRU PT, with prediction accuracies of 76 and 72%, respectively. The D-ROM assay has potential for identifying the Phototoxic potential of a large number of new drugs as a 1st screening system in the early stages of drug discovery.
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reactive oxygen species assay based risk assessment of drug induced Phototoxicity classification criteria and application to drug candidates
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshiki Seto, Satomi Onoue, Kiyoshi Kawamura, Naoko Igarashi, Yu Zhou, Masaaki Fujikawa, Hiroshi Yamada, Yoshiko Tsuda, Shizuo YamadaAbstract:We have previously demonstrated that the Phototoxic potential of chemicals could be partly predicted by the determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from photo-irradiated compounds. In this study, ROS assay strategy was applied to 39 marketed drugs and 210 drug candidates in order to establish provisional classification criteria for risk assessment of drug-induced Phototoxicity. The photosensitizing properties of 39 model compounds consisting of Phototoxic and non-Phototoxic chemicals, as well as ca. 210 drug candidates including 11 chemical series were evaluated using ROS assay and the 3T3 neutral red uptake Phototoxicity test (NRU PT). With respect to marketed drugs, most Phototoxic drugs tended to cause type I and/or II photochemical reactions, resulting in generation of singlet oxygen and superoxide. There seemed to be a clear difference between Phototoxic drugs and non-Phototoxic compounds in their abilities to induce photochemical reactions. A plot analysis of ROS data on the marked drugs provided classification criteria to discriminate the photosensitizers from non-Phototoxic substances. Of all drug candidates tested, 35.2% compounds were identified as Phototoxic or likely Phototoxic on the basis of the 3T3 NRU PT, and all ROS data for these Phototoxic compounds were found to be over the threshold value. Furthermore, 46.3% of non-Phototoxic drug candidates were found to be in the subthreshold region. These results verify the usefulness of the ROS assay for understanding the Phototoxicity risk of pharmaceutical substances, and the ROS assay can be used for screening purposes in the drug discovery stage.
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high throughput reactive oxygen species ros assay an enabling technology for screening the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical substances
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008Co-Authors: Satomi Onoue, Shizuo Yamada, Naoko Igarashi, Yoshiko TsudaAbstract:Recently, attention has been drawn to drug-induced Phototoxic skin responses, and avoidance of this undesired side effect is necessary for pharmaceutical development. We previously proposed that determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from photoirradiated compounds would be effective for the prediction of the Phototoxic potential. In this investigation, a high-throughput ROS assay system was developed using a multiwell plate and quartz reaction container. The experimental conditions of irradiance uniformity, UV intensity, exposure time, temperature and solvent systems were found to affect the generation of ROS, and thus the conditions of the ROS assay were optimized. The intra- and inter-day R.S.D. values for the determination of ROS from quinine (200 microM) irradiated at 250 W/m(2) for 1h was found to be less than 3.3 and 4.5%, respectively. The results from the ROS assay of 39 compounds allowed us to estimate classification criteria to identify the ability of Phototoxic/photochemical responses. The developed assay system will be an effective tool for predicting the Phototoxic potential of pharmaceutical candidates in early stage of pharmaceutical development.
Ferret Pierrejacques - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of the Phototoxic hazard of some essential oils using modified 3t3 neutral red uptake assay
Toxicology in Vitro, 2006Co-Authors: Dijoux Nathalie, Guingand Yannick, Bourgeois Caroline, Durand Sandrine, Fromageot Claude, Combe Corinne, Ferret PierrejacquesAbstract:When substances are developed in the aim to be a constituent of personal care products, and to be applied on the skin, it is necessary to carry out an assessment of potential Phototoxic hazard. Phototoxicity is skin reaction caused by concurrent topical or systemic exposure to specific molecule and ultraviolet radiation. Most Phototoxic compounds absorb energy particularly from UVA light leading to the generation of activated derivatives which can induce cellular damage. This type of adverse cutaneous response can be reproduced in vitro using different models of Phototoxicity such as the validated 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Phototoxicity assay. In the present study we utilised two different cell lines (the murine fibroblastic cell line 3T3 and the rabbit cornea derived cell line SIRC) to compare the photo-irritation potential of a strong Phototoxic compound, chlorpromazine, to a weaker composite, such as 8-methoxypsoralen and Bergamot oil. After comparison of the different systems, five other essential oils were tested with both cell lines. Cellular damage was evaluated by the NRU cytotoxicity test or by MTT conversion test.