The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paolo Chiesa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
CO2 Emission Abatement in IGCC Power Plants by Semiclosed Cycles: Part B—With Air-Blown Combustion and CO2 Physical Absorption
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1999Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with oxygen-blown combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO{sub 2} for storage or disposal. However, CO{sub 2} concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance. The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38--39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones ofmore » Part A. Finally, the authors demonstrate that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO{sub 2} separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts is therefore addressed.« less
-
co2 emission abatement in igcc power plants by semiclosed cycles part b with air blown combustion and co2 Physical Absorption
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-transactions of The Asme, 1999Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with oxygen-blown combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO{sub 2} for storage or disposal. However, CO{sub 2} concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance. The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38--39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones ofmore » Part A. Finally, the authors demonstrate that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO{sub 2} separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts is therefore addressed.« less
-
Shift reactors and Physical Absorption for Low-CO2 emission IGCCs
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1999Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Stefano ConsonniAbstract:Integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC) exhibit conditions particularly favourable to the sequestration of CO 2 . The concept pursued in this paper is the generation of syngas low in carbon, where most of the heating value of the coal fuel is carried by hydrogen. Catalytic shift reactors convert most of the CO in the syngas into CO 2 , which is subsequently removed by Physical Absorption and then compressed to make it suitable for transport and permanent storage. Energy balances, performance, and cost of electricity are evaluated for two plants based on a Texaco gasifier and a large, heavy-duty gas turbine giving an overall IGCC power output between 350 and 400 MW. In one plant the raw syngas exiting the gasifier is cooled in a high-temperature, radiative cooler ; in the other it is quenched by the injection of liquid water. With respect to conventional Texaco IGCCs, the reduction of specific CO 2 emissions by 90 percent reduces LHV efficiency from 5 to 7 percentage points and increases the cost of electricity of about 40 percent. These penalties can be reduced by accepting lower reductions of CO 2 emissions. Compared to the semiclosed cycle considered by other authors, where CO 2 is the main component of the gas turbine working fluid, the plants analyzed here exhibit higher efficiency over the whole range of specific CO 2 emission.
-
Shift Reactors and Physical Absorption for Low-CO2 Emission IGCCs
Volume 3: Coal Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations, 1998Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Stefano ConsonniAbstract:Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles (IGCC) exhibit conditions particularly favourable to the sequestration of CO2. The concept pursued in this paper is the generation of syngas low in carbon, where most of the heating value of the coal fuel is carried by hydrogen. Catalytic shift reactors convert most of the CO in the syngas into CO2, which is subsequently removed by Physical Absorption and then compressed to make it suitable for transport and permanent storage.Energy balances, performance and cost of electricity are evaluated for two plants based on a Texaco gasifier and a large, heavy-duty gas turbine giving an overall IGCC power output between 350 and 400 MW. In one plant the raw syngas exiting the gasifier is cooled in a high-temperature, radiative cooler; in the other it is quenched by the injection of liquid water.With respect to “conventional” Texaco IGCCs, the reduction of specific CO2 emissions by 90% reduces LHV efficiency from 5 to 7 percentage points and increases the cost of electricity of about 45%. These penalties can be reduced by accepting lower reductions of CO2 emissions. Compared to the semi-closed cycle considered by other authors, where CO2 is the main component of the gas turbine working fluid, the plants analyzed here exhibit higher efficiency over the whole range of specific CO2 emissions.Copyright © 1998 by ASME
-
CO2 Emission Abatement in IGCC Power Plants by Semiclosed Cycles: Part B — With Air-Blown Combustion and CO2 Physical Absorption
Volume 3: Coal Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations, 1998Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with Oxygen-Blown Combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO2 for storage or disposal. However, CO2 concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance.The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38–39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones of Part A. Finally, we demonstrated that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO2 separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts was therefore addressed.Copyright © 1998 by ASME
Giovanni Lozza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
CO2 Emission Abatement in IGCC Power Plants by Semiclosed Cycles: Part B—With Air-Blown Combustion and CO2 Physical Absorption
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 1999Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with oxygen-blown combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO{sub 2} for storage or disposal. However, CO{sub 2} concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance. The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38--39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones ofmore » Part A. Finally, the authors demonstrate that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO{sub 2} separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts is therefore addressed.« less
-
co2 emission abatement in igcc power plants by semiclosed cycles part b with air blown combustion and co2 Physical Absorption
Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-transactions of The Asme, 1999Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with oxygen-blown combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO{sub 2} for storage or disposal. However, CO{sub 2} concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance. The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38--39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones ofmore » Part A. Finally, the authors demonstrate that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO{sub 2} separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts is therefore addressed.« less
-
CO2 Emission Abatement in IGCC Power Plants by Semiclosed Cycles: Part B — With Air-Blown Combustion and CO2 Physical Absorption
Volume 3: Coal Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations, 1998Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with Oxygen-Blown Combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO2 for storage or disposal. However, CO2 concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance.The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38–39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones of Part A. Finally, we demonstrated that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO2 separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts was therefore addressed.Copyright © 1998 by ASME
-
co2 emission abatement in igcc power plants by semiclosed cycles part b with air blown combustion and co2 Physical Absorption
Volume 3: Coal Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations, 1998Co-Authors: Paolo Chiesa, Giovanni LozzaAbstract:This paper analyzes the fundamentals of IGCC power plants with carbon dioxide removal systems, by a cycle configuration alternative to the one discussed in Part A (with Oxygen-Blown Combustion). The idea behind this proposal is to overcome the major drawbacks of the previous solution (large oxygen consumption and re-design of the gas turbine unit), by means of a semiclosed cycle using air as the oxidizer. Consequently, combustion gases are largely diluted by nitrogen and cannot be simply compressed to produce liquefied CO2 for storage or disposal. However, CO2 concentration remains high enough to make separation possible by a Physical Absorption process. It requires a re-pressurization of the flow subtracted from the cycle, with relevant consequences on the plant energy balance.The configuration and the thermodynamic performance of this plant concept are extensively addressed in the paper. As in the first part, the influence of the pressure ratio is discussed, but values similar to the ones adopted in commercial heavy-duty machines provide here acceptable performance. Proper attention was paid to the impact of the Absorption process on the energy consumption. The resulting net overall efficiency is again in the 38–39% range, with assumptions fully comparable to the ones of Part A. Finally, we demonstrated that the present scheme enables the use of unmodified machines, but large additional equipment is required for exhausts treatment and CO2 separation. A final comparison between the two semiclosed cycle concepts was therefore addressed.Copyright © 1998 by ASME
Jose Palomar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Demonstrating the key role of kinetics over thermodynamics in the selection of ionic liquids for CO2 Physical Absorption
Separation and Purification Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Jose Palomar, Daniel Moreno, Marcos Larriba, Jesús Lemus, Rubén Santiago, Cristian Moya, J. De Riva, G. PedrosaAbstract:Abstract A comprehensive study of over 50 ionic liquids (ILs) -integrating molecular simulation, gravimetric experiments and process analysis- has been conducted to evaluate the role of thermodynamics and kinetics on the Physical Absorption of CO2 by these widely researched solvents. Despite the common view, CO2 molar gas solubility is found as a misleading criterion to select the adequate IL for being used as CO2 absorbent in commercial separation columns, due to the strong kinetic control of the operation. In contrast, low viscosity and molar weight are demonstrated to be key parameters to minimize solvent consumption, energy duty and equipment size. Short-chain imidazolium-based ILs with tetracyanoborate, tricyanomethanide, and dicyanamide anions are proposed as adequate CO2 absorbents with favorable transport and thermodynamic properties. Current results indicate that ILs do not exhibit better absorbent performance in the CO2 capture unit than conventional organic solvents (such as glymes, components of Selexol) already used in the industry. IL regeneration stage need to be considered in future studies in order to state the promising advantages of IL absorbents in terms of thermal stability, energy consume and economy.
-
Ionic liquids for post-combustion CO2 capture by Physical Absorption: Thermodynamic, kinetic and process analysis
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2017Co-Authors: Juan De Riva, José Suarez-reyes, Daniel Moreno, Ismael Díaz, Victor R. Ferro, Jose PalomarAbstract:Abstract The post-combustion CO 2 Physical Absorption with ionic liquids (ILs) is studied in this work using a COSMO-based methodology that allows including ILs into Aspen Plus. Firstly, the performance of 8 ILs with different nature in the Absorption and regeneration individual operations is evaluated in commercial packed columns at different temperature and pressure conditions adding thermodynamic, mass transfer kinetic and technical criteria to the IL selection. Secondly, both the Absorption and regeneration are integrated in a complete CO 2 capture process simulation. The interdependency of variables and their influence in the total operating cost (OPEX) is estimated. The total energy needed for this capture process is compared to homologue results presented in literature for other CO 2 capture technologies. Finally, we provide a preliminary estimation of the capital cost (CAPEX) of the process for a pilot near to industrial scaled plant.
-
Understanding the Physical Absorption of CO2 in Ionic Liquids Using the COSMO-RS Method
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2011Co-Authors: Jose Palomar, Maria Gonzalez-miquel, Alicia Polo, Francisco RodríguezAbstract:The quantum chemical Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) method was evaluated as a theoretical framework to computationally investigate the application of room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) in absorptive technologies for capturing CO2 from power plant emissions to efficiently reduce both experimental efforts and time consumption. First, different molecular models to simulate ILs and computational methods in geometry calculations were investigated to optimize the COSMO-RS capability to predict Henry’s Law coefficients using a demanding solubility sample test with 35 gaseous solute-IL systems and 20 CO2−IL systems. The simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data, indicating that using an ion-pair molecular model optimized in a gas-phase environment allows a finer COSMO-RS description of the IL structure influence on the CO2 and other solutes solubilities. Moreover, the COSMO-RS methodology was used for the first time to achieve a deeper insight into the behavio...
Gilles Hébrard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Physical Absorption of volatile organic compounds by spraying emulsion in a spray tower: experiments and modelling
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2015Co-Authors: Romuald Tatin, Lorena Moura, Nicolas Dietrich, Sylvie Baig, Gilles HébrardAbstract:This study outlines a volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal spray tower consisting of an empty cylindrical vessel and nozzles spraying an oil/water emulsion into the vessel. Spraying an emulsion into a spray tower absorbs both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds, facilitates oil transport, improves the interfacial area (oil coats water droplets) and increases the turbulent flow regime enhancing mass transfer. Toluene was chosen as the synthetic lipophilic pollutant. The choice of the organic absorbent, silicone oil (47v350 Rhordorsil (R)), was made by considering several properties: thermal and mechanical stability, non-biodegradable nature, insolubility in water and low value of Henry's constant. Gas-liquid mass transfer and the hydrodynamics of the gas-liquid contactor were thoroughly investigated. It was observed that emulsion spraying allowed the dual Absorption of hydro- and lipophylic VOCs (efficiency around 90% for both) and strongly enhanced the liquid mass transfer coefficient. Finally, a model describing the efficiency of the process as a function of time was developed. The predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Elio Santacesaria - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Mass Transfer and Kinetics in Spray-Tower-Loop Absorbers and Reactors
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2000Co-Authors: Antonello Dimiccoli, M. Di Serio, Elio SantacesariaAbstract:In this work we have studied the kinetic and mass-transfer behavior of spray-tower-loop absorbers and reactors. For this purpose, we have investigated mass-transfer rates in the Physical Absorption...