The Experts below are selected from a list of 13977 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Reto Asmis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical Partitioning is the Main Mechanism of α‐Tocopherol and Cholesterol Transfer between Lipoproteins and P388D1 Macrophage‐Like Cells
European journal of biochemistry, 1997Co-Authors: Reto AsmisAbstract:The regulation of cellular vitamin E concentration was studied in P388D1 macrophage-like cells. Cellular α-tocopherol levels increased more than 5000-fold over constitutive levels without reaching saturation when P388D1 cells were cultured in vitamin-E-supplemented fetal calf serum. The uptake of α-tocopherol was accompanied by accumulation of α-[3H]tocopherol and [14C]cholesterol in these cells. Human unmodified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) inhibited the uptake of α-[3H]tocopherol and [14C]cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner and with very similar IC50. Acetylated, Cu2+-oxidized and aggregated human LDL and human very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) were similarly potent, whereas human HDL was at least tenfold less effective than human LDL when inhibitory activity was correlated to lipoprotein protein levels. The rate of vitamin E uptake by P388D1 cells, however, always correlated with the extracellular α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio. Efflux of α-[3H]tocopherol from labeled P388D1 cells required extracellular acceptors and was accompanied by the concomitant release of [14C]cholesterol. Both human LDL and HDL could serve as acceptors. Changes in the cellular α-tocopherol level appear to be the direct consequence of changes in the extracellular α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio due to a rapid exchange of lipids between P388D1 cells and their extracellular environment. While the transfer of α-tocopherol from LDL, VLDL, and fetal calf serum into P388D1 cells appears to occur mainly by diffusion, HDL-stimulated efflux of α-tocopherol may underlie a different mechanism. The α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio of the extracellular environment may be a critical factor in determining cellular vitamin E levels in vivo.
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Physical Partitioning is the main mechanism of α tocopherol and cholesterol transfer between lipoproteins and p388d1 macrophage like cells
FEBS Journal, 1997Co-Authors: Reto AsmisAbstract:The regulation of cellular vitamin E concentration was studied in P388D1 macrophage-like cells. Cellular α-tocopherol levels increased more than 5000-fold over constitutive levels without reaching saturation when P388D1 cells were cultured in vitamin-E-supplemented fetal calf serum. The uptake of α-tocopherol was accompanied by accumulation of α-[3H]tocopherol and [14C]cholesterol in these cells. Human unmodified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) inhibited the uptake of α-[3H]tocopherol and [14C]cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner and with very similar IC50. Acetylated, Cu2+-oxidized and aggregated human LDL and human very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) were similarly potent, whereas human HDL was at least tenfold less effective than human LDL when inhibitory activity was correlated to lipoprotein protein levels. The rate of vitamin E uptake by P388D1 cells, however, always correlated with the extracellular α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio. Efflux of α-[3H]tocopherol from labeled P388D1 cells required extracellular acceptors and was accompanied by the concomitant release of [14C]cholesterol. Both human LDL and HDL could serve as acceptors. Changes in the cellular α-tocopherol level appear to be the direct consequence of changes in the extracellular α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio due to a rapid exchange of lipids between P388D1 cells and their extracellular environment. While the transfer of α-tocopherol from LDL, VLDL, and fetal calf serum into P388D1 cells appears to occur mainly by diffusion, HDL-stimulated efflux of α-tocopherol may underlie a different mechanism. The α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio of the extracellular environment may be a critical factor in determining cellular vitamin E levels in vivo.
Anthony A. Hyman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A liquid reservoir for silent chromatin
Nature, 2017Co-Authors: Adam Klosin, Anthony A. HymanAbstract:The gene-silencing action of heterochromatin is thought to arise from the spread of proteins such as HP1 that compact the underlying chromatin and recruit repressors. Two papers in this issue demonstrate that HP1α has the ability to form phase-separated droplets. Gary Karpen and colleagues show that HP1α can nucleate into foci that display liquid properties during the early stages of heterochromatin domain formation in Drosophila embryos. Geeta Narlikar and colleagues demonstrate that human HP1α protein also forms phase-separated droplets. Phosphorylation or DNA binding promotes the Physical Partitioning of HP1α out of the soluble aqueous phase into droplets. These related findings suggest that the repressive action of heterochromatin may be in part mediated by the phase separation of HP1, with the droplets being initiated or dissolved by various ligands depending on nuclear context. The protein HP1 mediates compaction of DNA into a repressive structure called heterochromatin. Analysis reveals that HP1 has liquid-like properties, offering a fresh perspective on genome organization. See Letters p.236 & p.241
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Molecular biology: A liquid reservoir for silent chromatin
Nature, 2017Co-Authors: Adam Klosin, Anthony A. HymanAbstract:The protein HP1 mediates compaction of DNA into a repressive structure called heterochromatin. Analysis reveals that HP1 has liquid-like properties, offering a fresh perspective on genome organization. See Letters p.236 & p.241 The gene-silencing action of heterochromatin is thought to arise from the spread of proteins such as HP1 that compact the underlying chromatin and recruit repressors. Two papers in this issue demonstrate that HP1α has the ability to form phase-separated droplets. Gary Karpen and colleagues show that HP1α can nucleate into foci that display liquid properties during the early stages of heterochromatin domain formation in Drosophila embryos. Geeta Narlikar and colleagues demonstrate that human HP1α protein also forms phase-separated droplets. Phosphorylation or DNA binding promotes the Physical Partitioning of HP1α out of the soluble aqueous phase into droplets. These related findings suggest that the repressive action of heterochromatin may be in part mediated by the phase separation of HP1, with the droplets being initiated or dissolved by various ligands depending on nuclear context.
Wen-jong Fang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multiway FPGA Partitioning by fully exploiting design hierarchy
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, 2000Co-Authors: Wen-jong FangAbstract:In this paper, we present a new integrated synthesis and Partitioning method for multiple-FPGA applications. Our approach bridges the gap between HDL synthesis and Physical Partitioning by fully exploiting the design hierarchy. We propose a novel multiple-FPGA synthesis and Partitioning method which is performed in three phases: (1) fine-grained synthesis, (2) functional-based clustering, and (3) hierarchical set-covering Partitioning. This method first synthesizes a design specification in a fine-grained way so that functional clusters can be preserved based on the structural nature of the design specification. Then, it applies a hierarchical set-covering Partitioning method to form the final FPGA partitions. Experimental results on a number of benchmarks and industrial designs demonstrate that IsO limits are the bottleneck for CLB utilization when applying a traditional multiple-FPGA synthesis method on flattened netlists. In contrast, by fully exploiting the design structural hierarchy during the multiple-FPGA Partitioning, our proposed method produces fewer FPGA partitions with higher CLB and lower IsO-pin utilizations.
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ICCAD - A hierarchical functional structuring and Partitioning approach for multiple-FPGA implementations
1997Co-Authors: Wen-jong FangAbstract:In this short paper, we present a new integrated synthesis and Partitioning approach for multiple-field programmable interconnect chips (FPICs) implementations from register-transfer (RT) netlists. Our approach bridges the gap between RTL/logic synthesis and Physical Partitioning by finely tuning logic implementations suited for multiple-FPGA systems. We propose a hierarchical functional structuring and Partitioning method which fully exploits the design structural hierarchy by decomposing RTL components into sets of logic subfunctions. This allows the partitioner to place portions of components into FPGA partitions. Experimental results on a number of benchmarks and industrial designs show that our approach achieves significant improvement in FPGA configurable logic block (CLB) and I/O-pin utilizations compared to that produced using a traditional multiple-FPGA Partitioning method.
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DAC - Multi-way FPGA Partitioning by fully exploiting design hierarchy
Proceedings of the 34th annual conference on Design automation conference - DAC '97, 1997Co-Authors: Wen-jong FangAbstract:In this paper, we present a new integrated synthesisand Partitioning method for multiple-FPGA applications.This method first synthesizes a design specificationin a fine-grained way so that functional clusters can bepreserved based on the structural nature of the designspecification.Then, it applies a hierarchical set-coveringPartitioning method to form the final FPGA Partitionings.Our approach bridges the gap between HDL synthesisand Physical Partitioning by fully exploiting the designhierarchy.Experimental results on a number of benchmarksand industrial designs demonstrate that I/O limitsare the bottleneck for CLB utilization when applying atraditional multiple-FPGA synthesis method on flattenednetlists.In contrast, by fully exploiting the design structuralhierarchy during the multiple-FPGA Partitioning,our proposed method produces fewer FPGA partitionswith higher CLB and low I/O-pin utilizations.
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ASP-DAC - DP-Gen: a datapath generator for multiple-FPGA applications
Proceedings of ASP-DAC '97: Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, 1Co-Authors: Wen-jong Fang, Ti-yen Yen, Tsair-chin LinAbstract:Presents a datapath generator for multiple-FPGA applications. This datapath generator is able to generate complex datapath designs described in HDLs. Our datapath generator uses a novel synthesis and Partitioning approach which bridges the gap between RTL/logic synthesis and Physical Partitioning to fully exploit the design structural hierarchy for multiple-FPGA implementations. Experiments on a number of benchmarking circuits and industry designs demonstrate that the generator can effectively and efficiently produce high-density multiple-FPGA datapaths.
Adam Klosin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A liquid reservoir for silent chromatin
Nature, 2017Co-Authors: Adam Klosin, Anthony A. HymanAbstract:The gene-silencing action of heterochromatin is thought to arise from the spread of proteins such as HP1 that compact the underlying chromatin and recruit repressors. Two papers in this issue demonstrate that HP1α has the ability to form phase-separated droplets. Gary Karpen and colleagues show that HP1α can nucleate into foci that display liquid properties during the early stages of heterochromatin domain formation in Drosophila embryos. Geeta Narlikar and colleagues demonstrate that human HP1α protein also forms phase-separated droplets. Phosphorylation or DNA binding promotes the Physical Partitioning of HP1α out of the soluble aqueous phase into droplets. These related findings suggest that the repressive action of heterochromatin may be in part mediated by the phase separation of HP1, with the droplets being initiated or dissolved by various ligands depending on nuclear context. The protein HP1 mediates compaction of DNA into a repressive structure called heterochromatin. Analysis reveals that HP1 has liquid-like properties, offering a fresh perspective on genome organization. See Letters p.236 & p.241
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Molecular biology: A liquid reservoir for silent chromatin
Nature, 2017Co-Authors: Adam Klosin, Anthony A. HymanAbstract:The protein HP1 mediates compaction of DNA into a repressive structure called heterochromatin. Analysis reveals that HP1 has liquid-like properties, offering a fresh perspective on genome organization. See Letters p.236 & p.241 The gene-silencing action of heterochromatin is thought to arise from the spread of proteins such as HP1 that compact the underlying chromatin and recruit repressors. Two papers in this issue demonstrate that HP1α has the ability to form phase-separated droplets. Gary Karpen and colleagues show that HP1α can nucleate into foci that display liquid properties during the early stages of heterochromatin domain formation in Drosophila embryos. Geeta Narlikar and colleagues demonstrate that human HP1α protein also forms phase-separated droplets. Phosphorylation or DNA binding promotes the Physical Partitioning of HP1α out of the soluble aqueous phase into droplets. These related findings suggest that the repressive action of heterochromatin may be in part mediated by the phase separation of HP1, with the droplets being initiated or dissolved by various ligands depending on nuclear context.
Masato Edahiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ASP-DAC - Towards scalable and secure execution platform for embedded systems
2007 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, 2007Co-Authors: J. Sakai, Hiroaki Inoue, Masato EdahiroAbstract:Reliability of embedded systems can be enhanced by multicore and Partitioning approaches. Physical Partitioning based on AMP multicore achieves runtime stability of multiple applications in a system and prevents the whole system shutdown as well even when a malicious code creeps in. Combined with logical Partitioning by processor visualization and SMP technologies, the multicore architecture could realize more flexible and more scalable platform for future embedded systems.