The Experts below are selected from a list of 7038 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Takanori Harada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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immunotoxicity in mice induced by short term exposure to methoxychlor parathion or Piperonyl Butoxide
Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Tomoki Fukuyama, Tadashi Kosaka, Koichi Hayashi, Lisa Miyashita, Yukari Tajima, Kunio Wada, Risako Nishino, Hideo Ueda, Takanori HaradaAbstract:Exposure to environmental agents can compromise numerous immunological functions. Immunotoxicology focuses on the evaluation of the potential adverse effects of xenobiotics on immune mechanisms that can lead to harmful changes in host responses such as: increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and tumorigenesis; the induction of hypersensitivity reactions; or an increased incidence of autoimmune disease. In order to assess the immunosuppressive response to short-term exposure to some commonly used pesticides, the studies here focused on the response of mice after exposures to the organochlorine pesticide methoxychlor, the organophosphorus pesticide parathion, or the agricultural insecticide synergist Piperonyl Butoxide. In these studies, 7-week-old mice were orally administered (by gavage) methoxychlor, parathion, or Piperonyl Butoxide daily for five consecutive days. On Day 2, all mice in each group were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and their SRBC-specific IgM responses were subseq...
Frank H Arthur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyfluthrin Applied with and without Piperonyl Butoxide and Piperonyl Butoxide Plus Chlorpyrifos-Methyl for Protection of Stored Wheat
Journal of Economic Entomology, 1994Co-Authors: Frank H ArthurAbstract:Soft red winter wheat treated with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 ppm cyfluthrin, all rates + 8.0 ppm Piperonyl Butoxide, and all rates with Piperonyl Butoxide + 6.0 ppm chlorpyrifos-methyl was stored for 10 mo at ambient conditions in southern Georgia. Samples of wheat were bioassayed with lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), every 2 mo. Lesser grain borer survival on wheat treated with cyfluthrin alone ranged from 0-37.0%, whereas survival in the cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide and cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide + chlorpyrifos-methyl combinations ranged from 0 to 16.0%. No F1 adults or ground flour (dockage) was present in incubated samples. Rice weevil survival on wheat treated with 0.5 and 1.0 ppm cyfluthrin steadily increased to a maximum of 94.5 and 43.5%, respectively, after 10 mo. Survival was reduced on wheat treated with 1.5 and 2.0 ppm cyfluthrin, and beetles did not survive in the Piperonyl Butoxide-chlorpyrifos-methyl combinations. The number of F1 rice weevils and the amount of dockage were greatest in the two lowest rates of cyfluthrin. F1 adults and dockage weight were positively correlated with initial.
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Efficacy of Cyfluthrin, Cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide, and Cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide + Chlorpyrifos-Methyl as Protectants of Stored Peanuts1
Peanut Science, 1994Co-Authors: Frank H ArthurAbstract:Abstract Inshell peanuts were treated with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ppm cyfluthrin, each rate of cyfluthrin + 8.0 ppm Piperonyl Butoxide, and each rate of cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide + 25 ppm chlorpyrifos-methyl. After 10 months red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), populations in peanuts treated with 0.5 and 1.0 ppm cyfluthrin averaged 89.5 and 34.2 adults per 12.7 kg peanuts; populations in peanuts treated with 1.0 and 1.5 ppm cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide averaged 72.0 amd 41.5 adults per 12.7 kg peanuts. Populations in the remaining 8 treatments ranged from 0.5 to 7.2 adults. Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), and almond moth, Cadra cautella (Walker), populations remained low in all treatments. At 10 months the percentage of insectdamaged kernels from cracked pods ranged from 8.7 to 28.8% in the cyfluthrin and cyfluthrin + Piperonyl Butoxide treatments, while the percentage of damaged kernels was 4.4 to 6.1% in the 4 treatments with chlorpyrifos-methyl.
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Residual Efficacy of Cyfluthrin Applied Alone or in Combination with Piperonyl Butoxide or Piperonyl Butoxide + Chlorpyrifos-methyl as Protectants of Stored Corn
Journal of Entomological Science, 1994Co-Authors: Frank H ArthurAbstract:Pioneer variety ‘3320’ seed corn, treated with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 ppm cyfluthrin, each rate of cyfluthrin + 8.0 ppm Piperonyl Butoxide, or each rate of cyfluthrin + 8.0 ppm Piperonyl Butoxide + ...
D.k. Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of different combinations of mgk 264 or Piperonyl Butoxide with plant derived molluscicides on snail reproduction
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2000Co-Authors: Kiran Singh, D.k. SinghAbstract:Effect of sublethal treatment (20% and 60% of LC50/24 h) of plant-derived molluscicides, viz. Polianthes tuberosa, Trachyspermum ammi, Allium sativum powder; Azadirachta indica oil; oleoresin of Zingiber officinale; and their active molluscicidal component in combination (1:5) with MGK-264 or Piperonyl Butoxide on the reproduction of snail Lymnaea acuminata have been studied. It was observed that the combination of plant derived molluscicide and their active molluscicidal components, viz. tigogenin, hecogenin, azadirachtin, allicin, thymol, and [6]-gingerol combination with MGK-264 or Piperonyl Butoxide caused a significant reduction in fecundity, hatchability, and survival of young snails. Withdrawal of snails to fresh water after the above treatment caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of L. acuminata.
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the use of Piperonyl Butoxide and mgk 264 to improve the efficacy of some plant derived molluscicides
Pesticide Science, 1998Co-Authors: Kiran Singh, Ajay Singh, D.k. SinghAbstract:Synergism of an oil of Azadirachta indica, a powdered extract of Allium sativum bulbs and an oleoresin of Zingiber officinale rhizomes by Piperonyl Butoxide and MGK-264 was studied against the snails Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus. The active components of these plant-derived molluscicides, respectively azadirachtin, allicin and [6]gingerol, were also combined with these synergists. Both Piperonyl Butoxide and MGK-264 enhanced the toxicity of all of the test compounds. The response of snails to the synergised mixtures was both time- and dose-dependent. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
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The use of Piperonyl Butoxide and MGK‐264 to improve the efficacy of some plant‐derived molluscicides
Pesticide Science, 1998Co-Authors: Kiran Singh, Ajay Singh, D.k. SinghAbstract:Synergism of an oil of Azadirachta indica, a powdered extract of Allium sativum bulbs and an oleoresin of Zingiber officinale rhizomes by Piperonyl Butoxide and MGK-264 was studied against the snails Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus. The active components of these plant-derived molluscicides, respectively azadirachtin, allicin and [6]gingerol, were also combined with these synergists. Both Piperonyl Butoxide and MGK-264 enhanced the toxicity of all of the test compounds. The response of snails to the synergised mixtures was both time- and dose-dependent. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry
Tomoki Fukuyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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immunotoxicity in mice induced by short term exposure to methoxychlor parathion or Piperonyl Butoxide
Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Tomoki Fukuyama, Tadashi Kosaka, Koichi Hayashi, Lisa Miyashita, Yukari Tajima, Kunio Wada, Risako Nishino, Hideo Ueda, Takanori HaradaAbstract:Exposure to environmental agents can compromise numerous immunological functions. Immunotoxicology focuses on the evaluation of the potential adverse effects of xenobiotics on immune mechanisms that can lead to harmful changes in host responses such as: increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and tumorigenesis; the induction of hypersensitivity reactions; or an increased incidence of autoimmune disease. In order to assess the immunosuppressive response to short-term exposure to some commonly used pesticides, the studies here focused on the response of mice after exposures to the organochlorine pesticide methoxychlor, the organophosphorus pesticide parathion, or the agricultural insecticide synergist Piperonyl Butoxide. In these studies, 7-week-old mice were orally administered (by gavage) methoxychlor, parathion, or Piperonyl Butoxide daily for five consecutive days. On Day 2, all mice in each group were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and their SRBC-specific IgM responses were subseq...
T Smeaton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role of Piperonyl Butoxide in the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to ceriodaphnia dubia and xenopus laevis
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2004Co-Authors: A Elmerhibi, A Kumar, T SmeatonAbstract:Abstract The use of chemical inhibitors/inducers is one of the strategies employed to determine whether a particular metabolic pathway is involved in the metabolism of a xenobiotic. The objective of this study was to assess the role of Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) on the toxicity of an organophosphorus insecticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF) to two species, Ceriodaphnia dubia (waterflea) and Xenopus laevis (South African clawed frog). Chlorpyrifos was highly toxic to C. dubia (48-h LC50: 0.05 μg/L) in comparison with X. laevis (96-h LC50: 2410 μg/L). Piperonyl Butoxide at 200 μg/L reduced the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to C. dubia by a factor of 6. Piperonyl Butoxide at 3000 μg/L also reduced the toxicity of CPF to X. laevis with respect to mortality and malformations. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was used as a biomarker to further assess the role of PBO in chlorpyrifos toxicity. X. laevis exposed to CPF and PBO exhibited a biphasic response in terms of AChE activity with an initial increase in the AChE activity followed by a drastic decrease. The results from the present study indicate that C. dubia and X. laevis have the capability to metabolize chlorpyrifos via cytochromes P450 mediated reactions. The results also indicate that the use of the biomarker AChE is useful in determining metabolic processes of organophosphorus insecticides, which require metabolic activation.
