The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yuanzhi Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rickettsiae in the common pipistrelle pipistrellus pipistrellus chiroptera vespertilionidae and the bat soft tick argas vespertilionis ixodida argasidae
Parasites & Vectors, 2020Co-Authors: Shuo Zhao, Meihua Yang, Gang Liu, Sandor Hornok, Shanshan Zhao, Chunli Sang, Wenbo Tan, Yuanzhi WangAbstract:Increasing molecular evidence supports that bats and/or their ectoparasites may harbor vector-borne bacteria, such as bartonellae and borreliae. However, the simultaneous occurrence of rickettsiae in bats and bat ticks has been poorly studied. In this study, 54 bat carcasses and their infesting soft ticks (n = 67) were collected in Shihezi City, northwestern China. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, small intestine and large intestine of bats were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Soft ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA and ompB). All bats were identified as pipistrellus pipistrellus, and their ticks as Argas vespertilionis. Molecular analyses showed that DNA of Rickettsia parkeri, R. lusitaniae, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was present in bat organs/tissues. In addition, nine of the 67 bat soft ticks (13.43%) were positive for R. raoultii (n = 5) and R. rickettsii (n = 4). In the phylogenetic analysis, these bat-associated rickettsiae clustered together with conspecific sequences reported from other host and tick species, confirming the above results. To the best of our knowledge, DNA of R. parkeri, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in bat organs/tissues. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii and R. rickettsii in bat ticks. To our knowledge, R. parkeri was not known to occur in Asia. Our results highlight the need to assess rickettsial agents in a broader range of bat species and associated tick species.
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Babesia vesperuginis in Common Pipistrelle ( pipistrellus pipistrellus) and the Bat Soft Tick Argas vespertilionis in the People's Republic of China.
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Xiafei Liu, Sandor Hornok, Bin Yan, Qian Wang, Mengmeng Jiang, Chuangfu Chen, Yuanzhi WangAbstract:Babesia vesperuginis was molecularly detected in 10% (5/48) of common pipistrelle bats ( pipistrellus pipistrellus) in Shihezi City, Northwestern China. Interestingly, four bat ticks ( Argas vespertilionis), from Babesia DNA-positive common pipistrelle bats, were also positive for B. vesperuginis. Our findings extend the geographic range of the common pipistrelle bat as a reservoir of B. vesperuginis in Asia.
Gareth Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Table S1 from Effects of dimming light-emitting diode street lights on light-opportunistic and light-averse bats in suburban habitats
2018Co-Authors: Elizabeth G. Rowse, Stephen Harris, Gareth JonesAbstract:The number of pipistrellus pipistrellus bat passes at each site over the two recording nights for the four lighting levels (0%, 25%, 50% and 100%), except for sites 19, 20 and 21 (marked with an asterisk) where only one night's data were used
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skull morphology of two cryptic bat species pipistrellus pipistrellus and p pygmaeus a 3d geometric morphometrics approach with landmark reconstruction
Acta Chiropterologica, 2009Co-Authors: Anna Sztenceljablonka, Gareth Jones, Wiesław BogdanowiczAbstract:Differences in skull morphology between two cryptic species of bat, pipistrellus pipistrellus (n = 14) and P. pygmaeus (n = 15), originating from Great Britain, were investigated. Four different data sets were analysed: (1) 23 landmarks and (2) 26 landmarks on the dorsal and ventral sides of the cranium, respectively, (3) 49 landmarks on the upper jaw, and (4) 34 landmarks on the labial side of the mandible. For almost all data sets, when compared within sex groups, P. pipistrellus were significantly larger than P. pygmaeus; the biggest difference being observed in the mandible size. Interspecific differences in shape, analysed by Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) of the Procrustes superimposed landmarks, were also mostly visible in the mandible, and were related to dietary differences between the species. For example, the longer and more upright canines of P. pipistrellus allow them to pierce harder prey, the bigger molars ease its processing, and the shortened body of the mandible and the more developed coronoid process presumably generate a stronger bite. The shape and size of the mandible proved to be a good characteristic for distinguishing both cryptic taxa. A procedure for estimating missing landmarks for 3D geometric morphometric purposes was created. Our procedure of finding the missing landmarks had no effect on the within-group loss of variation. DFA of data sets with reconstructed versus orginal (but reduced) landmarks yielded similar results (three versus two misclassified specimens in leave-one-out cross-validation).
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Skull Morphology of Two Cryptic Bat Species: pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus — A 3D Geometric Morphometrics Approach with Landmark Reconstruction
Acta Chiropterologica, 2009Co-Authors: Anna Sztencel-jabłonka, Gareth Jones, Wiesław BogdanowiczAbstract:Differences in skull morphology between two cryptic species of bat, pipistrellus pipistrellus (n = 14) and P. pygmaeus (n = 15), originating from Great Britain, were investigated. Four different data sets were analysed: (1) 23 landmarks and (2) 26 landmarks on the dorsal and ventral sides of the cranium, respectively, (3) 49 landmarks on the upper jaw, and (4) 34 landmarks on the labial side of the mandible. For almost all data sets, when compared within sex groups, P. pipistrellus were significantly larger than P. pygmaeus; the biggest difference being observed in the mandible size. Interspecific differences in shape, analysed by Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) of the Procrustes superimposed landmarks, were also mostly visible in the mandible, and were related to dietary differences between the species. For example, the longer and more upright canines of P. pipistrellus allow them to pierce harder prey, the bigger molars ease its processing, and the shortened body of the mandible and the more developed coronoid process presumably generate a stronger bite. The shape and size of the mandible proved to be a good characteristic for distinguishing both cryptic taxa. A procedure for estimating missing landmarks for 3D geometric morphometric purposes was created. Our procedure of finding the missing landmarks had no effect on the within-group loss of variation. DFA of data sets with reconstructed versus orginal (but reduced) landmarks yielded similar results (three versus two misclassified specimens in leave-one-out cross-validation).
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Differential habitat selection by pipistrellus pipistrellus and pipistrellus pygmaeus identifies distinct conservation needs for cryptic species of echolocating bats
Biological Conservation, 2006Co-Authors: Ian Davidson-watts, Sean Walls, Gareth JonesAbstract:Abstract Cryptic species are similar in morphology, and make interesting subjects for relating morphological differentiation to ecological resource partitioning. Can species that are morphologically almost identical occupy different ecological niches, and hence potentially need distinct conservation planning? The discovery that the most widespread bat in Europe – the pipistrelle – comprised two cryptic species ( pipistrellus pipistrellus and pipistrellus pygmaeus ) that emit echolocation calls at different frequencies provides a remarkable model system for investigating links between morphology, echolocation call design and resource partitioning. We investigated resource partitioning between the two cryptic species of sympatric pipistrelle bats by radio tracking breeding females. Habitat selection was investigated by using compositional analysis. P. pygmaeus selected riparian habitats over all other habitat types in its core foraging areas, whereas P. pipistrellus , although preferring deciduous woodland overall, was more of a generalist, spreading its foraging time in a wider range of habitats. Although morphologically very similar, the cryptic species show quite different patterns of habitat use. Our findings suggest that large-scale differences in habitat preferences can occur between sympatric bat species that are virtually identical in flight morphology; hence morphological differences may be a weak indication of ecological differences between taxa. Conservation planning needs to take account of these differences to meet policy and legal obligations associated with these protected cryptic species.
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Differences in foraging behaviour between pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) and pipistrellus pygmaeus (Leach, 1825)
Journal of Zoology, 2005Co-Authors: Ian Davidson-watts, Gareth JonesAbstract:From 2001 to 2003 we radio tracked 23 pipistrellus pipistrellus and 23 pipistrellus pygmaeus to investigate whether there are any differences in foraging behaviour between the two cryptic species during the summer, and to consider whether any differences between these species are important for their conservation planning. There were significant differences between the two species in relation to flying time, mean maximum distances travelled from the roost, numbers of foraging bouts made and span of home ranges. The results suggest that P. pipistrellus makes more flights to a greater number of foraging locations (and possibly) feeding habitats than P. pygmaeus, although these foraging areas are likely to be closer to the roosts. This behaviour is particularly marked during lactation. In contrast, P. pygmaeus spends less time flying, makes fewer foraging bouts but travels further distances, suggesting that this species is selecting specific foraging habitats. These differences in foraging behaviour support the hypothesis that these species occupy different ecological niches, and conservation planners should be aware of these differences when considering the requirements of pipistrelles in the UK.
Shuo Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rickettsiae in the common pipistrelle pipistrellus pipistrellus chiroptera vespertilionidae and the bat soft tick argas vespertilionis ixodida argasidae
Parasites & Vectors, 2020Co-Authors: Shuo Zhao, Meihua Yang, Gang Liu, Sandor Hornok, Shanshan Zhao, Chunli Sang, Wenbo Tan, Yuanzhi WangAbstract:Increasing molecular evidence supports that bats and/or their ectoparasites may harbor vector-borne bacteria, such as bartonellae and borreliae. However, the simultaneous occurrence of rickettsiae in bats and bat ticks has been poorly studied. In this study, 54 bat carcasses and their infesting soft ticks (n = 67) were collected in Shihezi City, northwestern China. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, small intestine and large intestine of bats were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Soft ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA and ompB). All bats were identified as pipistrellus pipistrellus, and their ticks as Argas vespertilionis. Molecular analyses showed that DNA of Rickettsia parkeri, R. lusitaniae, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was present in bat organs/tissues. In addition, nine of the 67 bat soft ticks (13.43%) were positive for R. raoultii (n = 5) and R. rickettsii (n = 4). In the phylogenetic analysis, these bat-associated rickettsiae clustered together with conspecific sequences reported from other host and tick species, confirming the above results. To the best of our knowledge, DNA of R. parkeri, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in bat organs/tissues. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii and R. rickettsii in bat ticks. To our knowledge, R. parkeri was not known to occur in Asia. Our results highlight the need to assess rickettsial agents in a broader range of bat species and associated tick species.
Sandor Hornok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rickettsiae in the common pipistrelle pipistrellus pipistrellus chiroptera vespertilionidae and the bat soft tick argas vespertilionis ixodida argasidae
Parasites & Vectors, 2020Co-Authors: Shuo Zhao, Meihua Yang, Gang Liu, Sandor Hornok, Shanshan Zhao, Chunli Sang, Wenbo Tan, Yuanzhi WangAbstract:Increasing molecular evidence supports that bats and/or their ectoparasites may harbor vector-borne bacteria, such as bartonellae and borreliae. However, the simultaneous occurrence of rickettsiae in bats and bat ticks has been poorly studied. In this study, 54 bat carcasses and their infesting soft ticks (n = 67) were collected in Shihezi City, northwestern China. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, small intestine and large intestine of bats were dissected, followed by DNA extraction. Soft ticks were identified both morphologically and molecularly. All samples were examined for the presence of rickettsiae by amplifying four genetic markers (17-kDa, gltA, ompA and ompB). All bats were identified as pipistrellus pipistrellus, and their ticks as Argas vespertilionis. Molecular analyses showed that DNA of Rickettsia parkeri, R. lusitaniae, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was present in bat organs/tissues. In addition, nine of the 67 bat soft ticks (13.43%) were positive for R. raoultii (n = 5) and R. rickettsii (n = 4). In the phylogenetic analysis, these bat-associated rickettsiae clustered together with conspecific sequences reported from other host and tick species, confirming the above results. To the best of our knowledge, DNA of R. parkeri, R. slovaca and R. raoultii was detected for the first time in bat organs/tissues. This is also the first molecular evidence for the presence of R. raoultii and R. rickettsii in bat ticks. To our knowledge, R. parkeri was not known to occur in Asia. Our results highlight the need to assess rickettsial agents in a broader range of bat species and associated tick species.
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Babesia vesperuginis in Common Pipistrelle ( pipistrellus pipistrellus) and the Bat Soft Tick Argas vespertilionis in the People's Republic of China.
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Xiafei Liu, Sandor Hornok, Bin Yan, Qian Wang, Mengmeng Jiang, Chuangfu Chen, Yuanzhi WangAbstract:Babesia vesperuginis was molecularly detected in 10% (5/48) of common pipistrelle bats ( pipistrellus pipistrellus) in Shihezi City, Northwestern China. Interestingly, four bat ticks ( Argas vespertilionis), from Babesia DNA-positive common pipistrelle bats, were also positive for B. vesperuginis. Our findings extend the geographic range of the common pipistrelle bat as a reservoir of B. vesperuginis in Asia.
Laura D. Williamson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Habitat usage of Daubenton's bat (Myotis daubentonii), common pipistrelle (pipistrellus pipistrellus), and soprano pipistrelle (pipistrellus pygmaeus) in a North Wales upland river catchment.
Ecology and evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Victoria L. G. Todd, Laura D. WilliamsonAbstract:Distributions of Daubenton's bat (Myotis daubentonii), common pipistrelle, (pipistrellus pipistrellus), and soprano pipistrelle (pipistrellus pygmaeus) were investigated along and altitudinal gradient of the Lledr River, Conwy, North Wales, and presence assessed in relation to the water surface condition, presence/absence of bank-side trees, and elevation. Ultrasound recordings of bats made on timed transects in summer 1999 were used to quantify habitat usage. All species significantly preferred smooth water sections of the river with trees on either one or both banks; P. pygmaeus also preferred smooth water with no trees. Bats avoided rough and cluttered water areas, as rapids may generate high-frequency echolocation-interfering noise and cluttered areas present obstacles to flight. In lower river regions, detections of bats reflected the proportion of suitable habitat available. At higher elevations, sufficient habitat was available; however, bats were likely restricted due to other factors such as a less predictable food source. This study emphasizes the importance of riparian habitat, bank-side trees, and smooth water as foraging habitat for bats in marginal upland areas until a certain elevation, beyond which bats in these areas likely cease to forage. These small-scale altitudinal differences in habitat selection should be factored in when designing future bat distribution studies and taken into consideration by conservation planners when reviewing habitat requirements of these species in Welsh river valleys, and elsewhere within the United Kingdom.