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B. Lennartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Amendment with sugarcane Pith improves the hydrophysical characteristics of saline‐sodic soil
European Journal of Soil Science, 2017Co-Authors: A. A. Abd El-halim, B. LennartzAbstract:Summary The application of organic materials is an environmental practice in soil restoration, but the use of sugarcane Pith, a by-product of the paper industry, as an amendment in soil reclamation has not been tested so far. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of the application of sugarcane Pith on various hydrophysical properties of saline-sodic soil. A 4-month incubation pot trial under stagnant water and leaching conditions was carried out. Application of 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1 Pith led to a decrease in bulk density by 19, 41 and 42%, respectively, and a corresponding increase in drainable porosity. Likewise, soil structure expressed in terms of aggregate stability was enhanced substantially from 0.5 to 0.9. Water-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and available water content were also positively affected by the amendments with Pith; these changes were attributed to its spongy nature and the increase in organic matter with its decomposition. The doubling of Ks to 1.4 cm hour−1 with the application of 20 t ha−1 Pith was considered crucial because it resulted in larger rates of leaching of salt. The fast decomposition of Pith released Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions, which accelerated the leaching of Na+. We recommend that saline-sodic soil of the type that we investigated in this study should be amended with sugarcane Pith powder up to a rate of 10 t ha−1. Future work should investigate the effects of Pith amendments in field trials on a wide range of types of saline-sodic soil. Highlights Is fresh sugarcane Pith effective as an amendment for saline-sodic soil? Sugarcane Pith could play a vital role in the management and reclamation of saline-sodic soil. Application of 10–20 t ha−1 sugarcane Pith positively affected soil physicochemical properties. Sugarcane Pith applied to saline-sodic soil improves the hydrophysical characteristics.
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Amendment with sugarcane Pith improves the hydrophysical characteristics of saline-sodic soil.
European Journal of Soil Science, 2017Co-Authors: A. A. Abd El-halim, B. LennartzAbstract:Summary The application of organic materials is an environmental practice in soil restoration, but the use of sugarcane Pith, a by-product of the paper industry, as an amendment in soil reclamation has not been tested so far. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of the application of sugarcane Pith on various hydrophysical properties of saline-sodic soil. A 4-month incubation pot trial under stagnant water and leaching conditions was carried out. Application of 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1 Pith led to a decrease in bulk density by 19, 41 and 42%, respectively, and a corresponding increase in drainable porosity. Likewise, soil structure expressed in terms of aggregate stability was enhanced substantially from 0.5 to 0.9. Water-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and available water content were also positively affected by the amendments with Pith; these changes were attributed to its spongy nature and the increase in organic matter with its decomposition. The doubling of Ks to 1.4 cm hour−1 with the application of 20 t ha−1 Pith was considered crucial because it resulted in larger rates of leaching of salt. The fast decomposition of Pith released Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions, which accelerated the leaching of Na+. We recommend that saline-sodic soil of the type that we investigated in this study should be amended with sugarcane Pith powder up to a rate of 10 t ha−1. Future work should investigate the effects of Pith amendments in field trials on a wide range of types of saline-sodic soil. Highlights Is fresh sugarcane Pith effective as an amendment for saline-sodic soil? Sugarcane Pith could play a vital role in the management and reclamation of saline-sodic soil. Application of 10–20 t ha−1 sugarcane Pith positively affected soil physicochemical properties. Sugarcane Pith applied to saline-sodic soil improves the hydrophysical characteristics.
A. A. Abd El-halim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Amendment with sugarcane Pith improves the hydrophysical characteristics of saline‐sodic soil
European Journal of Soil Science, 2017Co-Authors: A. A. Abd El-halim, B. LennartzAbstract:Summary The application of organic materials is an environmental practice in soil restoration, but the use of sugarcane Pith, a by-product of the paper industry, as an amendment in soil reclamation has not been tested so far. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of the application of sugarcane Pith on various hydrophysical properties of saline-sodic soil. A 4-month incubation pot trial under stagnant water and leaching conditions was carried out. Application of 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1 Pith led to a decrease in bulk density by 19, 41 and 42%, respectively, and a corresponding increase in drainable porosity. Likewise, soil structure expressed in terms of aggregate stability was enhanced substantially from 0.5 to 0.9. Water-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and available water content were also positively affected by the amendments with Pith; these changes were attributed to its spongy nature and the increase in organic matter with its decomposition. The doubling of Ks to 1.4 cm hour−1 with the application of 20 t ha−1 Pith was considered crucial because it resulted in larger rates of leaching of salt. The fast decomposition of Pith released Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions, which accelerated the leaching of Na+. We recommend that saline-sodic soil of the type that we investigated in this study should be amended with sugarcane Pith powder up to a rate of 10 t ha−1. Future work should investigate the effects of Pith amendments in field trials on a wide range of types of saline-sodic soil. Highlights Is fresh sugarcane Pith effective as an amendment for saline-sodic soil? Sugarcane Pith could play a vital role in the management and reclamation of saline-sodic soil. Application of 10–20 t ha−1 sugarcane Pith positively affected soil physicochemical properties. Sugarcane Pith applied to saline-sodic soil improves the hydrophysical characteristics.
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Amendment with sugarcane Pith improves the hydrophysical characteristics of saline-sodic soil.
European Journal of Soil Science, 2017Co-Authors: A. A. Abd El-halim, B. LennartzAbstract:Summary The application of organic materials is an environmental practice in soil restoration, but the use of sugarcane Pith, a by-product of the paper industry, as an amendment in soil reclamation has not been tested so far. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of the application of sugarcane Pith on various hydrophysical properties of saline-sodic soil. A 4-month incubation pot trial under stagnant water and leaching conditions was carried out. Application of 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1 Pith led to a decrease in bulk density by 19, 41 and 42%, respectively, and a corresponding increase in drainable porosity. Likewise, soil structure expressed in terms of aggregate stability was enhanced substantially from 0.5 to 0.9. Water-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and available water content were also positively affected by the amendments with Pith; these changes were attributed to its spongy nature and the increase in organic matter with its decomposition. The doubling of Ks to 1.4 cm hour−1 with the application of 20 t ha−1 Pith was considered crucial because it resulted in larger rates of leaching of salt. The fast decomposition of Pith released Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions, which accelerated the leaching of Na+. We recommend that saline-sodic soil of the type that we investigated in this study should be amended with sugarcane Pith powder up to a rate of 10 t ha−1. Future work should investigate the effects of Pith amendments in field trials on a wide range of types of saline-sodic soil. Highlights Is fresh sugarcane Pith effective as an amendment for saline-sodic soil? Sugarcane Pith could play a vital role in the management and reclamation of saline-sodic soil. Application of 10–20 t ha−1 sugarcane Pith positively affected soil physicochemical properties. Sugarcane Pith applied to saline-sodic soil improves the hydrophysical characteristics.
Keming Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ptrwrky19 a novel wrky transcription factor contributes to the regulation of Pith secondary wall formation in populus trichocarpa
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Li Yang, Xin Zhao, Fan Yang, Di Fan, Yuanzhong Jiang, Keming LuoAbstract:WRKY proteins are one of the largest transcription factor families in higher plants and play diverse roles in various biological processes. Previous studies have shown that some WRKY members act as negative regulators of secondary cell wall formation in Pith parenchyma cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of Pith secondary wall formation in tree species remains largely unknown. In this study, PtrWRKY19 encoding a homolog of Arabidopsis WRKY12 was isolated from Populus trichocarpa. PtrWRKY19 was expressed in all tissues tested, with highest expression in stems, especially in Pith. PtrWRKY19 was located in the nucleus and functioned as a transcriptional repressor. Ectopic expression of PtrWRKY19 in an atwrky12 mutant successfully rescued the phenotype in Pith cell walls caused by the defect of AtWRKY12, suggesting that PtrWRKY19 had conserved functions for homologous AtWRKY12. Overexpression of PtrWRKY19 in poplar plants led to a significant increase in the number of Pith parenchyma cells. qRT-PCR analysis showed that lignin biosynthesis-related genes were repressed in transgenic plants. In transcient reporter assays, PtrWRKY19 was identified to repress transcription from the PtoC4H2 promoter containing the conserved W-box elements. These results indicated that PtrWRKY19 may function as a negative regulator of Pith secondary wall formation in poplar.
Leon V Pienaar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the predominant role of the Pith in the growth and development of internodes in liquidambar styraciflua hamamelidaceae ii pattern of tissue stress and response of different tissues to specific surgical procedures
American Journal of Botany, 1995Co-Authors: Claud L. Brown, Harry E Sommer, Leon V PienaarAbstract:Isolated Pith segments when freed of the restraint of contiguous vascular tissue during different stages of internode development expand rapidly, whereas, peripheral tissues when separated from each other immediately shrink, confirming the existence of physical stresses first described by 19th century botanists. Evidence is presented that the rapid production and differentiation of vascular tissue in elongating internodes of Liquidambar contribute significantly to the development of compressive forces in the Pith by restraining the growth of Pith cells. Heretofore, the role of tensile stresses affecting the growth of intemnodes in herbaceous plants has been ascribed only to the less extensible outer peripheral tissues, especially the epidermis. Different surgical procedures applied to elongating internodes, including disruption of the central core of Pith cells without disturbing the vascular and other peripheral tissues, or conversely, injuring or removing portions of the outer tissues leaving the Pith intact, confirm the histological observations that the developing Pith is the driving force for intemodal elongation.
I. I. Sawsan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Oil spill sorption using carbonized Pith bagasse: 1. Preparation and characterization of carbonized Pith bagasse
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2008Co-Authors: M Hussein, A. A. Amer, I. I. SawsanAbstract:Abstract Treatment of oil spills remains a challenge to environmental scientists and technologists. Among all the existing techniques used for oil treatment, sorption is a popular technique because it is cheap, simple and effective. Among the various sorbents used Pith bagasse appears to be the most attractive material in terms of cost, versatility and abundance. In the present work, the efficiency of surface modification of Pith bagasse by carbonization is demonstrated. Pith bagasse was carbonized in a stainless steel tube for different temperatures ranging from 200 to 600 °C and for different heating periods from 1 to 3 h. The carbonized Pith bagasse was tested using gas oil; 1- and 7-day weathered heavy Arabian crude oil. It was found that carbonization of Pith bagasse improves the oleophilic and hydrophobic properties. The best carbonization conditions were established at 300 °C for 2 h.
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Oil spill sorption using carbonized Pith bagasse: trial for practical application
International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 2008Co-Authors: M Hussein, A. A. Amer, I. I. SawsanAbstract:In the present work, an attempt was made to provide an efficient, easily deployable method of cleaning up oil spills and recovering of the oil. Carbonized Pith bagasse, a relatively abundant and inexpensive material is currently being investigated as an adsorbent to remove contaminants “oil” from water. Fibers extracted from bagasse and carbonized at 300 °C were found to have a high performance for sorption and recovery of light, heavy oils and even the viscous ones. The physical properties of Pith bagasse were investigated using scanning electronic microscope to show the inner and the outer surface and the cross section area of the Pith bagasse and thermo gravimetric analyzer to investigate the degradation profile of the Pith bagasse. The carbonized Pith bagasse was packed into a polypropylene bag and its sorption behavior was studied. A comparison was made between the prepared pad and the commercial sorbents show that the pad containing carbonized Pith bagasse has higher sorption capacity in comparison to the commercial sorbents. The pad exhibited high oil retention ability and a high selectivity for the oils over the water. The pad showed a possibility of reuse for eight times. The sorption capacity of the pads containing carbonized Pith bagasse was found to increase with increasing the time of sorption till it reaches the maximum value at the time of sorption equal to 60 min.
