The Experts below are selected from a list of 17478 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xingchuan Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Diverse Roles of the Salicylic Acid Receptors NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4 in Plant Immunity.
The Plant cell, 2020Co-Authors: Yanan Liu, Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Ana Radojičić, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Jiameng Lan, Siyu ChenAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
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diverse roles of the salicylic acid receptors npr1 and npr3 npr4 in Plant Immunity
The Plant Cell, 2020Co-Authors: Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Yanan Liu, Ana RadojicicAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
Yanan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Diverse Roles of the Salicylic Acid Receptors NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4 in Plant Immunity.
The Plant cell, 2020Co-Authors: Yanan Liu, Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Ana Radojičić, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Jiameng Lan, Siyu ChenAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
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diverse roles of the salicylic acid receptors npr1 and npr3 npr4 in Plant Immunity
The Plant Cell, 2020Co-Authors: Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Yanan Liu, Ana RadojicicAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
Gary Stacey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rhizobium–legume symbioses: the crucial role of Plant Immunity
Trends in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Benjamin Gourion, Fathi Berrabah, Pascal Ratet, Gary StaceyAbstract:New research results have significantly revised our understanding of the rhizobium-legume infection process. For example, Nod factors (NFs), previously thought to be absolutely essential for this symbiosis, were shown to be dispensable under particular conditions. Similarly, an NF receptor, previously considered to be solely involved in symbiosis, was shown to function during Plant pathogen infections. Indeed, there is a growing realization that Plant innate Immunity is a crucial component in the establishment and maintenance of symbiosis. We review here the factors involved in the suppression of Plant Immunity during rhizobium-legume symbiosis, and we attempt to place this information into context with the most recent and sometimes surprising research results.
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rhizobium legume symbioses the crucial role of Plant Immunity
Trends in Plant Science, 2015Co-Authors: Benjamin Gourion, Fathi Berrabah, Pascal Ratet, Gary StaceyAbstract:New research results have significantly revised our understanding of the rhizobium–legume infection process. For example, Nod factors (NFs), previously thought to be absolutely essential for this symbiosis, were shown to be dispensable under particular conditions. Similarly, an NF receptor, previously considered to be solely involved in symbiosis, was shown to function during Plant pathogen infections. Indeed, there is a growing realization that Plant innate Immunity is a crucial component in the establishment and maintenance of symbiosis. We review here the factors involved in the suppression of Plant Immunity during rhizobium–legume symbiosis, and we attempt to place this information into context with the most recent and sometimes surprising research results.
Zhonglin Mou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Elongator subunit 3 positively regulates Plant Immunity through its histone acetyltransferase and radical S -adenosylmethionine domains
BMC plant biology, 2013Co-Authors: Christopher Defraia, Yongsheng Wang, Jiqiang Yao, Zhonglin MouAbstract:Background Pathogen infection triggers a large-scale transcriptional reprogramming in Plants, and the speed of this reprogramming affects the outcome of the infection. Our understanding of this process has significantly benefited from mutants that display either delayed or accelerated defense gene induction. In our previous work we demonstrated that the Arabidopsis Elongator complex subunit 2 (AtELP2) plays an important role in both basal Immunity and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI), and more recently showed that AtELP2 is involved in dynamic changes in histone acetylation and DNA methylation at several defense genes. However, the function of other Elongator subunits in Plant Immunity has not been characterized.
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salicylic acid and its function in Plant Immunity
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Zhonglin MouAbstract:Zhonglin Mou (Corresponding author) The small phenolic compound salicylic acid (SA) plays an important regulatory role in multiple physiological processes including Plant immune response. Significant progress has been made during the past two decades in understanding the SA-mediated defense signaling network. Characterization of a number of genes functioning in SA biosynthesis, conjugation, accumulation, signaling, and crosstalk with other hormones such as jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellic acid, cytokinin, brassinosteroid, and peptide hormones has sketched the finely tuned immune response network. Full understanding of the mechanism of Plant Immunity will need to take advantage of fast developing genomics tools and bioinformatics techniques. However, elucidating genetic components involved in these pathways by conventional genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology approaches will continue to be a major task of the community. High-throughput method for SA quantification holds the potential for isolating additional mutants related to SA-mediated defense signaling.
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proteasome mediated turnover of the transcription coactivator npr1 plays dual roles in regulating Plant Immunity
Cell, 2009Co-Authors: Yasuomi Tada, Zhonglin Mou, Steven H. Spoel, Natalie W Spivey, Pascal Genschik, Xinnian DongAbstract:Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a broad-spectrum Plant immune response involving profound transcriptional changes that are regulated by the coactivator NPR1. Nuclear translocation of NPR1 is a critical regulatory step, but how the protein is regulated in the nucleus is unknown. Here, we show that turnover of nuclear NPR1 protein plays an important role in modulating transcription of its target genes. In the absence of pathogen challenge, NPR1 is continuously cleared from the nucleus by the proteasome, which restricts its coactivator activity to prevent untimely activation of SAR. Surprisingly, inducers of SAR promote NPR1 phosphorylation at residues Ser11/Ser15, and then facilitate its recruitment to a Cullin3-based ubiquitin ligase. Turnover of phosphorylated NPR1 is required for full induction of target genes and establishment of SAR. These in vivo data demonstrate dual roles for coactivator turnover in both preventing and stimulating gene transcription to regulate Plant Immunity.
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Plant Immunity Requires Conformational Charges of NPR1 via S-Nitrosylation and Thioredoxins
Science (New York N.Y.), 2008Co-Authors: Yasuomi Tada, Zhonglin Mou, Steven H. Spoel, Karolina M. Pajerowska-mukhtar, Junqi Song, Chun Wang, Jianru Zuo, Xinnian DongAbstract:Changes in redox status have been observed during immune responses in different organisms, but the associated signaling mechanisms are poorly understood. In Plants, these redox changes regulate the conformation of NPR1, a master regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense genes. NPR1 is sequestered in the cytoplasm as an oligomer through intermolecular disulfide bonds. We report that S-nitrosylation of NPR1 by S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) at cysteine-156 facilitates its oligomerization, which maintains protein homeostasis upon SA induction. Conversely, the SA-induced NPR1 oligomer-to-monomer reaction is catalyzed by thioredoxins (TRXs). Mutations in both NPR1 cysteine-156 and TRX compromised NPR1-mediated disease resistance. Thus, the regulation of NPR1 is through the opposing action of GSNO and TRX. These findings suggest a link between pathogen-triggered redox changes and gene regulation in Plant Immunity.
Hainan Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the glycosyltransferase ugt76b1 modulates n hydroxy pipecolic acid homeostasis and Plant Immunity
The Plant Cell, 2021Co-Authors: Lennart Mohnike, Hainan Tian, Yuelin Zhang, Dmitrij Rekhter, Weijie Huang, Kirstin Feussner, Cornelia Herrfurth, Ivo FeussnerAbstract:The tradeoff between growth and defense is a critical aspect of Plant Immunity. Therefore, the Plant immune response needs to be tightly regulated. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important Plant hormone regulating defense against biotrophic pathogens. Recently, N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) was identified as another regulator for Plant innate Immunity and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Although the biosynthetic pathway leading to NHP formation is already been identified, how NHP is further metabolized is unclear. Here, we present UGT76B1 as a uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) that modifies NHP by catalyzing the formation of 1-O-glucosyl-pipecolic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of T-DNA and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) knock-out mutant lines of UGT76B1 by targeted and nontargeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) underlined NHP and SA as endogenous substrates of this enzyme in response to Pseudomonas infection and UV treatment. ugt76b1 mutant Plants have a dwarf phenotype and constitutive defense response which can be suppressed by loss of function of the NHP biosynthetic enzyme FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE 1 (FMO1). This suggests that elevated accumulation of NHP contributes to the enhanced disease resistance in ugt76b1. Externally applied NHP can move to distal tissue in ugt76b1 mutant Plants. Although glycosylation is not required for the long-distance movement of NHP during SAR, it is crucial to balance growth and defense.
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Diverse Roles of the Salicylic Acid Receptors NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4 in Plant Immunity.
The Plant cell, 2020Co-Authors: Yanan Liu, Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Ana Radojičić, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Jiameng Lan, Siyu ChenAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
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diverse roles of the salicylic acid receptors npr1 and npr3 npr4 in Plant Immunity
The Plant Cell, 2020Co-Authors: Tongjun Sun, Yulin Sun, Yanjun Zhang, Yuli Ding, Hainan Tian, Xingchuan Huang, Yanan Liu, Ana RadojicicAbstract:The Plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in Plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Plant Immunity using the SA-insensitive npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. We found that perception of SA by NPR1 and NPR4 is required for activation of N-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis, which is essential for inducing systemic acquired resistance. In addition, both pattern-triggered Immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered Immunity (ETI) are severely compromised in the npr1-1 npr4-4D double mutant. Interestingly, the PTI and ETI attenuation in npr1-1 npr4-4D is more dramatic compared with the SA-induction deficient2-1 (sid2-1) mutant, suggesting that the perception of residual levels of SA in sid2-1 also contributes to Immunity. Furthermore, NPR1 and NPR4 are involved in positive feedback amplification of SA biosynthesis and regulation of SA homeostasis through modifications including 5-hydroxylation and glycosylation. Thus, the SA receptors NPR1 and NPR4 play broad roles in Plant Immunity.
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the glycosyltransferase ugt76b1 is critical for Plant Immunity as it governs the homeostasis of n hydroxy pipecolic acid
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Lennart Mohnike, Hainan Tian, Yuelin Zhang, Dmitrij Rekhter, Weijie Huang, Kirstin Feussner, Cornelia Herrfurth, Ivo FeussnerAbstract:The trade-off between growth and defense is a critical aspect of Plant Immunity. Therefore, Plant immune response needs to be tightly regulated. The hormone regulating Plant defense against biotrophic pathogens is salicylic acid (SA). Recently, N-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) was identified as second regulator for Plant innate Immunity and systemic acquired resistance. Although the biosynthetic pathway leading to NHP formation has already been identified, the route how NHP is further metabolized was unclear. Here, we present UGT76B1 as a UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase that modifies NHP by catalyzing the formation of 1-O-glucosyl-pipecolic acid (NHP-OGlc). Analysis of T-DNA and CRISPR knock-out mutant lines of UGT76B1 by targeted and non-targeted UHPLC-HRMS underlined NHP and SA as endogenous substrates of this enzyme in response to Pseudomonas infection and UV treatment. UGT76B1 shows similar KM for NHP and SA. ugt76b1 mutant Plants have a dwarf phenotype and a constitutive defense response which can be suppressed by loss of function of the NHP biosynthetic enzyme FMO1. This suggests that elevated accumulation of NHP contributes to the enhanced disease resistance in ugt76b1. Externally applied NHP can move to distal tissue in ugt76b1 mutant Plants. Although glycosylation is not required for the long distance movement of NHP during systemic acquired resistance, it is crucial to balance growth and defense.