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Laurie D Wiggs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mortality among mound workers exposed to polonium 210 and other sources of radiation 1944 1979
Radiation Research, 2014Co-Authors: John D Boice, Sarah S Cohen, Michael T Mumma, Elizabeth Dupree Ellis, Donna L Cragle, Keith F Eckerman, Phillip W Wallace, Bandana Chadda, Jennifer S Sonderman, Laurie D WiggsAbstract:Polonium-210 is a naturally occurring radioactive element that decays by emitting an alpha particle. It is in the air we breathe and also a component of tobacco smoke. Polonium-210 is used as an anti-static device in printing presses and gained widespread notoriety in 2006 after the poisoning and subsequent death of a Russian citizen in London. More is known about the lethal effects of polonium-210 at high doses than about late effects from low doses. Cancer mortality was examined among 7,270 workers at the Mound nuclear facility near Dayton, OH where polonium-210 was used (1944–1972) in combination with beryllium as a source of neutrons for triggering nuclear weapons. Other exposures included external gamma radiation and to a lesser extent Plutonium-238, tritium and neutrons. Vital status and cause of death was determined through 2009. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed for comparisons with the general population. Lifetime occupational doses from all places of employment were sought and i...
Charles R Watson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hypoadrenocorticism in beagles exposed to aerosols of Plutonium 238 dioxide by inhalation
Radiation Research, 1996Co-Authors: Richard E Weller, R L Buschbom, G E Dagle, J F Park, H A Ragan, Charles R WatsonAbstract:Hypoadrenocorticism, known as Addison's disease in humans, was diagnosed in six beagles after inhalation of at least 1.7 kBq/g lung of 238PuO2. Histological examination of adrenal gland specimens obtained at necropsy revealed marked adrenal cortical atrophy in all cases. Autoradiographs showed only slight alpha-particle activity. Although the pathogenesis of adrenal cortical atrophy in these dogs is unclear, there is evidence to suggest an autoimmune disorder linked to damage resulting from alpha-particle irradiation to the lymphatic system.
Bogdan Skwarzec - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polonium 210 po uranium 234 u 238 u and Plutonium 238 pu 239 240 pu bioaccumulation in marine birds
2013Co-Authors: Dagmara I Struminskaparulska, Alicja Borylo, Bogdan Skwarzec, J FabisiakAbstract:The aim of this work was the determination of 210 Po, 234 U, 238 U, 238 Pu and 239+240 Pu concentration in marine birds which permanently or temporally live in the southern Baltic Sea coast. We chose 11 species of seabirds: three species permanently residing at southern Baltic Sea, four species of wintering birds and three species of migrating birds. The results show that analyzed radionuclides are non-uniformly distributed in the marine birds. The highest activities of 210 Po were observed in feathers, muscles and liver. The highest uranium content was found in liver, rest of viscera and feathers, while Plutonium in the digestion organs and feathers. Omnivore seabirds accumulated more polonium, Plutonium than species that feed on fish, while herbivore seabirds accumulated more uranium than carnivore.
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accumulation of polonium 210 po uranium 234 u and 238 u and Plutonium 238 pu and 239 240 pu in tissues and organs of deer carvidae from northern
2013Co-Authors: Dagmara I Struminskaparulska, Alicja Borylo, Bogdan Skwarzec, M PrucnalAbstract:Livers, kidneys and muscles of large herbivorous animals: roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama), collected in northern Poland, were the subject of the investigation. Polonium, uranium and Plutonium activities were measured using alpha spectrometry along with relevant radiochemical procedures. The average concentrations of 210 Po ranged between 0.02±0.01 Bq kg -1 ww in muscles and 7.15±0.12 Bq kg -1 ww in kidneys. The concentration of 238 U ranged widely between 2.49±0.18 and 69.37±5.45 mBq kg -1 ww. The average concentrations of 239+240 Pu ranged between 0.18±0.04 mBq kg -1 ww in muscle and 2.77±0.60 mBq kg -1 ww in kidneys. Statistical analysis showed that the sampling location, sex, age and species did not influence on the radioisotope activities in the analyzed samples.
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Plutonium isotopes 238 pu 239 240 pu and 241 pu in the baltic sea ecosystem
Nukleonika, 2005Co-Authors: D I Struminska, Bogdan Skwarzec, M MazurekpawlukowskaAbstract:In the paper there are presented the results of Plutonium 238 Pu, 239+240 Pu and 241 Pu determination in different samples of the Baltic Sea environment. 238 Pu and 239+240 Pu isotopes were measured in alpha spectrometer and 241 Pu results were calculated indirectly by activity measurements of 241 Am isotope increase from β-emitting 241 Pu in 16−18 years after Chernobyl accident. The results indicate that the Baltic organisms accumulate Plutonium from environment and the bioconcentration factors (BCF) range from 100 for fish to 27,000 for priapulida (benthic organisms) and only 0.1% of total Plutonium is deposited in living organisms. Almost whole Plutonium is deposited in Baltic sediments (about 99%). The results of 241 Pu determination indicate that after Chernobyl accident indicate on its high concentration in analyzed components of the Baltic Sea ecosystem and the highest value of the activity ratios 241 Pu/ 239+240 Pu were
John D Boice - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mortality among mound workers exposed to polonium 210 and other sources of radiation 1944 1979
Radiation Research, 2014Co-Authors: John D Boice, Sarah S Cohen, Michael T Mumma, Elizabeth Dupree Ellis, Donna L Cragle, Keith F Eckerman, Phillip W Wallace, Bandana Chadda, Jennifer S Sonderman, Laurie D WiggsAbstract:Polonium-210 is a naturally occurring radioactive element that decays by emitting an alpha particle. It is in the air we breathe and also a component of tobacco smoke. Polonium-210 is used as an anti-static device in printing presses and gained widespread notoriety in 2006 after the poisoning and subsequent death of a Russian citizen in London. More is known about the lethal effects of polonium-210 at high doses than about late effects from low doses. Cancer mortality was examined among 7,270 workers at the Mound nuclear facility near Dayton, OH where polonium-210 was used (1944–1972) in combination with beryllium as a source of neutrons for triggering nuclear weapons. Other exposures included external gamma radiation and to a lesser extent Plutonium-238, tritium and neutrons. Vital status and cause of death was determined through 2009. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed for comparisons with the general population. Lifetime occupational doses from all places of employment were sought and i...
Dagmara I Struminskaparulska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polonium 210 po uranium 234 u 238 u and Plutonium 238 pu 239 240 pu bioaccumulation in marine birds
2013Co-Authors: Dagmara I Struminskaparulska, Alicja Borylo, Bogdan Skwarzec, J FabisiakAbstract:The aim of this work was the determination of 210 Po, 234 U, 238 U, 238 Pu and 239+240 Pu concentration in marine birds which permanently or temporally live in the southern Baltic Sea coast. We chose 11 species of seabirds: three species permanently residing at southern Baltic Sea, four species of wintering birds and three species of migrating birds. The results show that analyzed radionuclides are non-uniformly distributed in the marine birds. The highest activities of 210 Po were observed in feathers, muscles and liver. The highest uranium content was found in liver, rest of viscera and feathers, while Plutonium in the digestion organs and feathers. Omnivore seabirds accumulated more polonium, Plutonium than species that feed on fish, while herbivore seabirds accumulated more uranium than carnivore.
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accumulation of polonium 210 po uranium 234 u and 238 u and Plutonium 238 pu and 239 240 pu in tissues and organs of deer carvidae from northern
2013Co-Authors: Dagmara I Struminskaparulska, Alicja Borylo, Bogdan Skwarzec, M PrucnalAbstract:Livers, kidneys and muscles of large herbivorous animals: roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama), collected in northern Poland, were the subject of the investigation. Polonium, uranium and Plutonium activities were measured using alpha spectrometry along with relevant radiochemical procedures. The average concentrations of 210 Po ranged between 0.02±0.01 Bq kg -1 ww in muscles and 7.15±0.12 Bq kg -1 ww in kidneys. The concentration of 238 U ranged widely between 2.49±0.18 and 69.37±5.45 mBq kg -1 ww. The average concentrations of 239+240 Pu ranged between 0.18±0.04 mBq kg -1 ww in muscle and 2.77±0.60 mBq kg -1 ww in kidneys. Statistical analysis showed that the sampling location, sex, age and species did not influence on the radioisotope activities in the analyzed samples.