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Yoshiaki Tsuzuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pollutant Load and Water Quality
Pollutant Discharge and Water Quality in Urbanisation, 2014Co-Authors: Yoshiaki TsuzukiAbstract:Pollutant Load per capita flowing into water body (PLCwb) is an index to evaluate contribution of municipal wastewater Pollutant discharge in Pollutant Load flowing into ambient water body such as coastal zones, bays and lakes. PLCwb is not commonly applied in the fields of environmental engineering or river and coastal water environment management, however, PLCwb should be more widely applied because of its easily understandable characteristics especially for comparison purposes among wastewater treatment methods or systems, among river sub-basins, and among countries, for miscellaneous stakeholders including policy makers, professionals of water environment and wastewater treatment and ordinary citizens. Pollutant discharge per capita (PDC) is an index to simply indicate Pollutant discharge amount to ambient water. PDC of municipal wastewater is a function of Pollutant generation per capita (PGC) and treatment efficiencies of municipal wastewater treatment systems. In this chapter, estimation methods of PLCwb and their results are explained. Water quality profiles in the past and present are explained to consider the relationships between Pollutant discharges and the ambient water quality. The sub-river basin basis analysis of PLCwb has been firstly conducted in the Miyako-gawa River Basin, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, which flows into the Tokyo Bay (Tsuzuki 2006). The indicator, PLCwb, has been quantitatively evaluated by sub-river basin and wastewater treatment method. An example of Pollutant discharge calculator of municipal wastewater shows the quantification concept and method of the soft intervention effects on Pollutant discharge reductions and ambient water quality improvement.
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a concept for planning and management of on site and centralised municipal wastewater treatment systems a case study in bangkok thailand ii scenario based Pollutant Load analysis
Water Science and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tsuzuki, Thammarat Koottatep, Thitiphon Sinsupan, Supattra Jiawkok, Chira Wongburana, Suraphong Wattanachira, Yuttachai SarathaiAbstract:Scenario-based Pollutant Load analysis was conducted to develop a part of a concept for planning and management of wastewater treatment systems (WWTSs) under the mixture conditions of centralised and on-site WWTSs. Pollutant discharge indicators and Pollutant removal efficiency functions were applied from another paper in the series, which were developed based on the existing conditions in urban and peri-urban areas of Bangkok, Thailand. Two scenarios were developed to describe development directions of the mixture conditions. Scenario 1 involves keeping the on-site wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) within the areas of centralised WWTSs. Scenario 2 is dividing the centralised and on-site WWTS areas. Comparison of the smallest values of total Pollutant discharge per capita (PDCtotal) between Scenarios 1 and 2 showed that the smallest PDCtotal in Scenario 1 was smaller than that in Scenario 2 for biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus whereas the smallest PDCtotal in Scenario 2 was smaller than that in Scenario 1 for total nitrogen, total coliforms and faecal coliforms. The results suggest that the mixture conditions could be a possible reason for smaller Pollutant concentrations at centralised WWTPs. Quantitative scenario-based estimation of PDCtotal is useful and a prerequisite in planning and management of WWTSs.
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water quality and Pollutant Load in the ambient water and domestic wastewater Pollutant discharges in the developing countries survey results in autumn and winter in 2006
Journal of global environment engineering, 2008Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tsuzuki, Thammarat Koottatep, Faruque Ahmed, Rahman Md MafizurAbstract:Domestic wastewater Pollutant discharges and water quality in the ambient water were studied in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Bangkok, Thailand. Water quality measurements with simple kits were identified to illustrate water quality profiles in and around these cities to some extent. Water quality in the Sitalakhaya River, Bangladesh, and in the peri-urban section of the Chao Phraya River, Thailand, vertical homogeneity was observed for parameters measured with a water quality data logger. Estimated Pollutant discharges per capita were larger than those in Japan for BOD, TN and TP in Pak Kret Municipality, peri-urban of Bangkok, when seepage and septage from septic tank and leachate from composting (“seepages”) were included. Introduction of wastewater treatment methods with larger removal rates should be considered for the ambient water quality improvement together with MDGs perspective of appropriate sanitation. KEYWORD: Thailand; Bangladesh; domestic wastewater; Pollutant Load per capita flowing into the water body (PLCwb); Pollutant discharge per capita (PDC); seepage and septage from septic tank and leachate from composting (“seepages”)
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Pollutant discharge and Pollutant Load in the tidal area of the rivers in the developing counties survey results in the autumn and winter in 2006 and desirable direction for water quality improvement
Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment, 2007Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tsuzuki, Thammarat Koottatep, Mafizur RahmanAbstract:For the purpose of Pollutant Load analyses for the calculation of Pollutant Loads per capita flowing into the water body (PLCwb) and preparation of environmental accounting housekeeping (EAH) books in the developing countries, the preliminary surveys and secondary information/data collection were conducted in Thailand and Bangladesh, in autumn and winter in 2006. Water quality and quantity (flow rate) were analyzed in the rivers and canals in and around Bangkok, Thailand, and a river and inner-city lakes in and around Dhaka, Bangladesh. Water depth, water temperature, salinity, electricity, density, turbidity, chlorophyll a were monitored vertically with a compact type water quality recorder, Compact-CTD ⊗(ALEC electricity, Japan). Other parameters including TOC, CODCr TN were measured in the laboratories. Pack Tests ⊗(Kyoritsu Chemical, Japan) were used to analyze CODMn, PO4-P, NO2-N and NO3-N to investigate their effectiveness in monitoring the water quality in these rivers and lakes. In the Sitalakhaya River, vertical homogeneity was observed with the parameters measured with the water quality data logger. The characteristics of water quality in the estuary area in the rivers in Bangkok were observed. The Pack Test measurements were identified effective to illustrate water quality profiles of the water environment in the river and the three lakes in and around Dhaka, and two rivers and a canal in and around Bangkok. Based on the results of the field survey and secondary data, recommendations were proposed for the water quality improvement in the surface water.
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an index directly indicates land based Pollutant Load contributions of domestic wastewater to the water pollution and its application
Science of The Total Environment, 2006Co-Authors: Yoshiaki TsuzukiAbstract:Abstract As indices directly indicate land-based Pollutant Load contributions to public water pollution, Pollutant Load per capita flowing into the water body (PLCwb) for the drainage areas of inner city rivers in Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, was analyzed. It was reaffirmed that PLCwb was different by the drainage area. For example, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) Load per capita flowing into the water body (PLCwb-BOD) was calculated as 0.83 g BOD person − 1 day − 1 for population served with wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In regards to the three types of on-site domestic wastewater treatment methods in Japan: 0.4–2.1 g BOD person − 1 day − 1 for combined jokaso (CJ), 4.5–21 g BOD person − 1 day − 1 for simple jokaso (SJ) and 4.3–19 g BOD person − 1 day − 1 for night soil treatment (NST). In regards to nutrient parameters of the three on-site treatment methods, population weighted average of PLCwb were almost the same, however, relatively small PLCwb were observed for CJ and SJ through the analysis. Environmental accounting housekeeping (EAH) books for domestic wastewater were prepared based on the analysis results as the application of the indices. EAH books are effective tools for water pollution mitigation in public water bodies. The results of the preliminary correlation analysis of the indices showed that high-efficiency treatment methods including WWTP, agriculture village wastewater treatment facility (AVETF) and CJ are effective in reducing Pollutant Load flowing into the water body, and that PLCwb have second-order equation relationships with population density of the drainage area. Judging from these characteristics and the analytical results of this study, PLCwb may be useful as an index for demonstrating the benefit of wastewater treatment in reduction of water pollution in the water body.
Kun Lei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improving optimization efficiency for the total Pollutant Load allocation in large two dimensional water areas bohai sea china case study
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2017Co-Authors: Yixiang Deng, Kun Lei, Andrea Critto, Fei QiaoAbstract:Abstract The total Pollutant Load allocation (TPLA) can be transformed into an optimization problem with regards to water quality constraints. The optimization calculation may become very time consuming when the number of water quality constraint equations is great. A Trial and Error Method (TEM) to remove the redundant points was first introduced through iterative calculations under structure and non-structure model grids. The TEM was applied for the TPLA in the Bohai Sea in China. The calculation time was reduced to about 2 min under the condition that 103,433 model grids met the water quality standards. In the best case, the optimization efficiency was improved by 98.9%. The allocation results showed that approximately 90% of total nitrogen (TN) Load should be reduced in the 56 pollution sources around the Bohai Sea; of these values, roughly 85% of the reduction could come from 10 pollution sources.
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study on the total water Pollutant Load allocation in the changjiang yangtze river estuary and adjacent seawater area
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010Co-Authors: Yixiang Deng, Binghui Zheng, Kun LeiAbstract:Abstract With the rapid economic development, the water quality is worsening and red tide takes place frequently in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent seawaters. To improve the marine water quality, the total inland Pollutant Load should be controlled effectively. With efficiency and fairness in consideration, the total maximum allowable Loads of COD Mn , NH 3 –N, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate to the seawaters were calculated and allocated by the linear programming method based on the water quality response fields of the pollution sources. The maximum allowable Loads are 2008 × 10 3 tons, 169 × 10 3 tons, 226 × 10 3 tons and 18 × 10 3 tons for COD Mn , NH 3 –N, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate when the water quality targets are requested to be achieved in the whole studied region, and 346 × 10 3 tons and 32 × 10 3 tons for inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate when the water quality targets to be achieved only in the red tide sensitive area. The cut task of COD Mn and NH 3 –N is relatively easy and can be finished by the watershed environmental plan; while the cut task of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate is tremendous. The coastal provinces should install more denitrification and dephosphorization facilities in the existing waste water treatment plants or build new ones to control the red tides in the concerned seawaters.
Yixiang Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improving optimization efficiency for the total Pollutant Load allocation in large two dimensional water areas bohai sea china case study
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2017Co-Authors: Yixiang Deng, Kun Lei, Andrea Critto, Fei QiaoAbstract:Abstract The total Pollutant Load allocation (TPLA) can be transformed into an optimization problem with regards to water quality constraints. The optimization calculation may become very time consuming when the number of water quality constraint equations is great. A Trial and Error Method (TEM) to remove the redundant points was first introduced through iterative calculations under structure and non-structure model grids. The TEM was applied for the TPLA in the Bohai Sea in China. The calculation time was reduced to about 2 min under the condition that 103,433 model grids met the water quality standards. In the best case, the optimization efficiency was improved by 98.9%. The allocation results showed that approximately 90% of total nitrogen (TN) Load should be reduced in the 56 pollution sources around the Bohai Sea; of these values, roughly 85% of the reduction could come from 10 pollution sources.
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study on the total water Pollutant Load allocation in the changjiang yangtze river estuary and adjacent seawater area
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2010Co-Authors: Yixiang Deng, Binghui Zheng, Kun LeiAbstract:Abstract With the rapid economic development, the water quality is worsening and red tide takes place frequently in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent seawaters. To improve the marine water quality, the total inland Pollutant Load should be controlled effectively. With efficiency and fairness in consideration, the total maximum allowable Loads of COD Mn , NH 3 –N, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate to the seawaters were calculated and allocated by the linear programming method based on the water quality response fields of the pollution sources. The maximum allowable Loads are 2008 × 10 3 tons, 169 × 10 3 tons, 226 × 10 3 tons and 18 × 10 3 tons for COD Mn , NH 3 –N, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate when the water quality targets are requested to be achieved in the whole studied region, and 346 × 10 3 tons and 32 × 10 3 tons for inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate when the water quality targets to be achieved only in the red tide sensitive area. The cut task of COD Mn and NH 3 –N is relatively easy and can be finished by the watershed environmental plan; while the cut task of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate is tremendous. The coastal provinces should install more denitrification and dephosphorization facilities in the existing waste water treatment plants or build new ones to control the red tides in the concerned seawaters.
Miki Sudo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distribution and Pollutant Load of hexabromocyclododecane hbcd in sewage treatment plants and water from japanese rivers
Chemosphere, 2014Co-Authors: Makiko Ichihara, Atsushi Yamamoto, Kohichi Takakura, Naoya Kakutani, Miki SudoAbstract:Abstract Hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers (α-, β-, γ-, δ-, and e-HBCD) were investigated in river water, sewage influent, and sewage effluent from the Yodo River basin, Japan. The mean annual values of HBCDs ranged from 0.19 to 14 ng L −1 in river water. We observed that the concentrations of HBCDs in the brackish water area were low compared with that in the fresh water area. It was implied that, when the flow of the river stagnated in the estuarine area, HBCDs settled with suspended matter because of their hydrophobic character. In the sewage treatment plants, HBCDs ranged from 16 to 400 ng L −1 in sewage influent, whereas they ranged from 0.39 to 12 ng L −1 in sewage effluent. Over 90% of HBCDs were removed from the wastewater in the sewage treatment plants. By using these results, we estimated the Pollutant Load of HBCDs that flows into Osaka Bay from the study area. It was estimated that approximately 15 kg of HBCDs flow into Osaka Bay from the study area in a year. This value is five orders of magnitude lower than the 2010 market demand for HBCDs (3019 metric tons) in Japan.
Xiulin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improved simulation optimization approach for identifying critical and developable pollution source regions and critical migration processes for Pollutant Load allocation
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Shengkang Liang, Yan Wang, Aiquan Dai, Dongsheng Ding, Xiulin WangAbstract:Abstract Simulation–optimization approaches are widely used in land-based Pollutant Load allocation and management. However, existing simulation–optimization approaches do not optimize the entire pathway of pollution (i.e., generation, transportation, and emission). Thus, the selected allocated Load scheme and its reduction management are incomplete and non-optimal in supporting effective reduction measures to set in further. This study aims to establish a simulation–optimization Load allocation approach covering the entire pathway of pollution and construct separate allocated Loads for each migration process. By comparing the allocated Loads to the actual Pollutant Loads, the critical and developable pollution source regions (CPSRs and DPSRs) and the critical pollution migration processes (CPMPs) are identified, and specific pollution management indicators are established for each pollution source region. This approach is applied to the Bohai Rim, which is currently a major economic development center with a most seriously deteriorating sea area in China. The CPSRs, DPSRs, and CPMPs for total nitrogen are identified, and comparisons of the management indicators with existing approaches are made. Water quality under the allocated Load emissions is simulated via a simulation water quality model and compared with that of the actual Pollutant Loads. Quantitative results indicate that the new approach combines the specific mitigation indicators for each CPSR and CPMP when allowing the extra generation of allocated Loads for DPRSs while keeping the water quality of the Bohai Sea under control.
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linking water quality with the total Pollutant Load control management for nitrogen in jiaozhou bay china
Ecological Indicators, 2018Co-Authors: Quan Guo, Shengkang Liang, Xiulin WangAbstract:Abstract Eutrophication was once the most serious problem for the overLoad of nitrogen in Jiaozhou Bay, with the development of society and the economy of Qingdao, China. Total Pollutant Load control management (TPLCM) was applied for 10 years via two five-year plans since 2006 in Qingdao, China, and it was further strengthened after 2011. To evaluate the effect of TPLCM on the water quality of Jiaozhou Bay, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was chosen as the water quality factor in response to the land-based Load of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 -N) during 2001–2015. Special attention was given to temporal and spatial changes. The flux of land-based TDN obviously decreased during the period of the ‘11th Five-Year Plan (2001–2010)’ of China, with an approximate 17% annual reduction rate, which caused the annual mean concentration of DIN to significantly decrease in Jiaozhou Bay. The water quality did not significantly improve in the period of the ‘12th Five-Year Plan (2011–2015)’ of China in Jiaozhou Bay. There was little reduction of NO 3 -N, which was the predominant nitrogen form, although the reduction of NH 4 -N did occur. The TPLCM in the Dagu River and the Haibo River watershed has occurred since 2000, and it had a considerable reduction in land-based TDN. The seawater quality improved at the northwest and south parts of Jiaozhou Bay. The TPLCM was prompted by insufficient progress in the Lichun River and the Moshui River watershed, and there was continued poor water quality in the north and northeast areas of Jiaozhou Bay from 2001 to 2015. The next phase of the TPLCM should promote land and marine development in a coordinated way, with more attention devoted towards the control of non-point sources, the introduction of advanced sewage treatment and coastal restoration.