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Geneva M. Omann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout salvelinus namaycush thymocyte viability apoptosis and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Dora R Passinoreader, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (<1 mg/L), effects of the tested PBDEs on thymocytes were negligible. However, at 100 mg/L, major effects were seen for congener brominated Diphenyl Ether 47 (BDE-47) and minor effects were seen for congener BDE-99.
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Effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thymocyte viability, apoptosis, and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Dora R. Passino-reader, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (
Sergei M. Chernyak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout salvelinus namaycush thymocyte viability apoptosis and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Dora R Passinoreader, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (<1 mg/L), effects of the tested PBDEs on thymocytes were negligible. However, at 100 mg/L, major effects were seen for congener brominated Diphenyl Ether 47 (BDE-47) and minor effects were seen for congener BDE-99.
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Effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thymocyte viability, apoptosis, and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Dora R. Passino-reader, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (
Andreas Sjodin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temporal trends in serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether concentrations in the australian population 2002 2013
Environment International, 2018Co-Authors: Leisamaree Toms, Andreas Sjodin, Peter Hobson, Fiona Harden, Lesa L Aylward, Jochen F MuellerAbstract:In Australia, systematic biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in pooled serum samples stratified by age and sex has occurred every two years between 2002/03 and 2012/13. Multiple regression modeling on log10-transformed serum pool concentrations of BDEs 47, 99, 100 and 153 and on the sum of these (Sigma 4PBDE) was conducted to examine trends by sex and time since baseline, stratified by age group. Temporal trends were age- and congener-specific, with the largest changes per year of observation in the 0-4 year old group, with beta (SE) = -0.098 (0.013) for log(10)BDE47; -0.119 (0.012) for log(10)BDE99; -0.084 (0.014) for log(10)BDE100, and -0.053 (0.013) for log(10)BDE153, all p < 0.001. Adults over age 16 showed much smaller decreasing temporal trends for BDE47 and BDE99, no significant changes in BDE100, and, for the oldest age groups, slight increases in BDE153. As a result, Sigma 4RBDE concentrations were stable over the entire time period in adults older than 16. Concentrations of each BDE in pools from females aged 31-60 were significantly lower compared to males. Relative proportions of BDE47 declined, while BDE153 accounted for a greater share of Sigma 4RBDE over time. Whereas previously we saw a large elevation in the youngest age groups compared to older children and adults, this is no longer the case. This may be due to a decline in infant and toddler exposures in the indoor environment as use of PBDEs in consumer products has been phased out, suggesting temporal changes in the relative sources of exposure for young children in Australia.
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temporal trends in serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether concentrations in the australian population 2002 2013
ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2018Co-Authors: Leisamaree Toms, Andreas Sjodin, Peter Hobson, Fiona Harden, Lesa L Aylward, Jochen F MuellerAbstract:In Australia, systematic biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in pooled serum samples stratified by age and sex has occurred every two years between 2002/03 and 2012/13. Multiple r...
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Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether pbde exposures and thyroid hormones in children at age 3 years
Environment International, 2018Co-Authors: Ann M Vuong, Glenys M Webster, Joseph M Braun, Thomas R Zoeller, Andreas Sjodin, Andrew N Hoofnagle, Kimberly Yolton, Bruce P. Lanphear, Aimin ChenAbstract:Abstract Background Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) reduce serum thyroid hormone concentrations in animal studies, but few studies have examined the impact of early-life PBDE exposures on thyroid hormone disruption in childhood. Methods We used data from 162 mother-child pairs from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study (2003–2006, Cincinnati, OH). We measured PBDEs in maternal serum at 16 ± 3 weeks gestation and in child serum at 1–3 years. Thyroid hormones were measured in serum at 3 years. We used multiple informant models to investigate associations between prenatal and early-life PBDE exposures and thyroid hormone levels at age 3 years. Results Prenatal PBDEs were associated with decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels at age 3 years. A 10-fold increase in prenatal ∑PBDEs (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, and -153) was associated with a 27.6% decrease (95% CI −40.8%, −11.3%) in TSH. A ten-fold increase in prenatal ∑PBDEs was associated with a 0.25 pg/mL (0.07, 0.43) increase in free triiodothyronine (FT3). Child sex modified associations between prenatal PBDEs and thyroid hormones, with significant decrements in TSH among females and decreased free T4 (FT4) in males. Prenatal ∑PBDEs were not associated with TT4, FT4, or total T3. Conclusions These findings suggest an inverse relationship between prenatal ∑PBDEs and TSH at 3 years. Associations may be sexually dimorphic, with an inverse relationship between prenatal BDE-47 and -99 and TSH in females and null associations among males.
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Childhood Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) exposure and neurobehavior in children at 8 years
Environmental research, 2017Co-Authors: Ann M Vuong, Glenys M Webster, Joseph M Braun, Andreas Sjodin, Kimberly Yolton, Bruce P. Lanphear, Changchun Xie, Kim N. Dietrich, Aimin ChenAbstract:Background Prenatal Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) exposure has been associated with decrements in IQ and increased attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder related behaviors in children; however, data are limited for the role of postnatal exposures.
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prenatal and postnatal Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether exposure and visual spatial abilities in children
Environmental Research, 2017Co-Authors: Ann M Vuong, Glenys M Webster, Joseph M Braun, Andreas Sjodin, Kimberly Yolton, Bruce P. Lanphear, Changchun Xie, Kim N. Dietrich, Aimin ChenAbstract:Abstract Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) are associated with impaired visual spatial abilities in toxicological studies, but no epidemiologic study has investigated PBDEs and visual spatial abilities in children. The Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, a prospective birth cohort (2003–2006, Cincinnati, OH), was used to examine prenatal and childhood PBDEs and visual spatial abilities in 199 children. PBDEs were measured at 16±3 weeks gestation and at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 years using gas chromatography/isotope dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry. We used the Virtual Morris Water Maze to measure visual spatial abilities at 8 years. In covariate-adjusted models, 10-fold increases in BDE-47, −99, and −100 at 5 years were associated with shorter completion times by 5.2 s (95% Confidence Interval [CI] −9.3, −1.1), 4.5 s (95% CI −8.1, −0.9), and 4.7 s (95% CI −9.0, −0.3), respectively. However, children with higher BDE-153 at 3 years had longer completion times (β=5.4 s, 95% CI −0.3, 11.1). Prenatal PBDEs were associated with improved visual spatial memory retention, with children spending a higher percentage of their search path in the correct quadrant. Child sex modified some associations between PBDEs and visual spatial learning. Longer path lengths were observed among males with increased BDE-47 at 2 and 3 years, while females had shorter paths. In conclusion, prenatal and postnatal BDE-28, −47, −99, and −100 at 5 and 8 years were associated with improved visual spatial abilities, whereas a pattern of impairments in visual spatial learning was noted with early childhood BDE-153 concentrations.
Kelly L. Birchmeier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout salvelinus namaycush thymocyte viability apoptosis and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Dora R Passinoreader, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (<1 mg/L), effects of the tested PBDEs on thymocytes were negligible. However, at 100 mg/L, major effects were seen for congener brominated Diphenyl Ether 47 (BDE-47) and minor effects were seen for congener BDE-99.
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Effects of selected Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) thymocyte viability, apoptosis, and necrosis
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Kelly L. Birchmeier, Kimberly A. Smith, Dora R. Passino-reader, Leonard I. Sweet, Sergei M. Chernyak, Jean V. Adams, Geneva M. OmannAbstract:Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame-retardants have been identified as an emergent contaminants issue in many parts of the world. In vitro analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that selected PBDEs congeners affect viability, apoptosis, and necrosis of thymocytes from laboratory-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). At current environmental levels (
Brenda Eskenazi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prenatal and childhood Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether pbde exposure and attention and executive function at 9 12 years of age
Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 2015Co-Authors: Sharon K Sagiv, Kim G. Harley, Asa Bradman, Katherine Kogut, Fraser W Gaspar, Robert B Gunier, Kimberly Parra, Diana Villasenor, Nina Holland, Brenda EskenaziAbstract:California children's exposures to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants (PBDEs) are among the highest measured worldwide. We previously reported associations for prenatal and childhood PBDE exposures with decrements in attention, processing speed, fine motor coordination, and cognition in children at ages 5 and 7 years. Here, we investigate associations of PBDEs with attention and executive function at ages 9 to 12 years in the expanded CHAMACOS cohort.We measured PBDEs in prenatal and child age 9 year serum samples for families enrolled in the study since pregnancy ("CHAM1", N=321). In a subsequent cohort for which families were enrolled at child age 9 ("CHAM2", N=301), we measured PBDEs in maternal and child samples collected at child age 9, and used predictive modeling to estimate prenatal exposure levels. We examined associations of measured and estimated PBDE concentrations on children's attention and executive functioning at ages 9, 10½, and 12 years.Geometric means for prenatal and childhood ΣPBDE levels (sum of PBDE-47, -99, -100, -153) for the expanded CHAMACOS cohort were 26.3 and 63.2 ng/g lipid, respectively, and did not differ significantly between CHAM1 and CHAM2 families. We found consistent associations of prenatal exposure to PBDEs with poorer attention and executive function, measured with parent report and direct neuropsychological testing of the child. For example, using GEE models of repeated outcome measures at ages 9 and 12, a 10-fold increase in prenatal ΣPBDE was associated with poorer response consistency on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test II (β=2.9; 95% CI: 0.9, 4.8) and poorer working memory on the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (β=2.5; 95% CI: 0.5, 4.4). Child age 9 ΣPBDE levels were associated with poorer parent-reported attention and executive function for girls but not boys.Our results suggest that the prefrontal cortex may be a potential target for PBDE exposure and add to a growing literature showing that these ubiquitous toxicants may adversely affect neurodevelopment.
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in utero and childhood Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether pbde exposures and neurodevelopment in the chamacos study
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2013Co-Authors: Brenda Eskenazi, Andreas Sjodin, Jonathan Chevrier, Kim G. Harley, Stephen Rauch, Katherine Kogut, Caroline Johnson, Celina Trujillo, Asa BradmanAbstract:background: California children’s exposures to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants (PBDEs) are among the highest worldwide. PBDEs are known endocrine disruptors and neurotoxicants in animals. Objective: Here we investigate the relation of in utero and child PBDE exposure to neurobehavioral development among participants in CHAMACOS (Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas), a California birth cohort. Methods: We measured PBDEs in maternal prenatal and child serum samples and examined the association of PBDE concentrations with children’s attention, motor functioning, and cognition at 5 (n = 310) and 7 years of age (n = 323). Results: Maternal prenatal PBDE concentrations were associated with impaired attention as measured by a continuous performance task at 5 years and maternal report at 5 and 7 years of age, with poorer fine motor coordination—particularly in the nondominant—at both age points, and with decrements in Verbal and Full-Scale IQ at 7 years. PBDE concentrations in children 7 years of age were significantly or marginally associated with concurrent teacher reports of attention problems and decrements in Processing Speed, Perceptual Reasoning, Verbal Comprehension, and Full-Scale IQ. These associations were not altered by adjustment for birth weight, gestational age, or maternal thyroid hormone levels. Conclusions: Both prenatal and childhood PBDE exposures were associated with poorer attention, fine motor coordination, and cognition in the CHAMACOS cohort of school-age children. This study, the largest to date, contributes to growing evidence suggesting that PBDEs have adverse impacts on child neurobehavioral development.
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In utero and childhood Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) exposures and neurodevelopment in the CHAMACOS study.
Environmental health perspectives, 2012Co-Authors: Brenda Eskenazi, Andreas Sjodin, Jonathan Chevrier, Kim G. Harley, Stephen Rauch, Katherine Kogut, Caroline Johnson, Celina Trujillo, Asa BradmanAbstract:background: California children’s exposures to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants (PBDEs) are among the highest worldwide. PBDEs are known endocrine disruptors and neurotoxicants in ani...
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prenatal exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether flame retardants and neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone levels in the chamacos study
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2011Co-Authors: Jonathan Chevrier, Andreas Sjodin, Kim G. Harley, Asa Bradman, Brenda EskenaziAbstract:Studies published in the last 3 decades have demonstrated global human exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) flame retardants. A growing body of literature suggests that PBDEs may disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. Although thyroid hormones play an essential role in brain development, few studies have investigated relations between prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neonatal thyroid hormone levels, and none have measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in neonates. The authors measured 10 PBDE congeners in serum collected between October 1999 and October 2000 from 289 pregnant women living in California's Salinas Valley and abstracted TSH levels from their children's medical records. Individual PBDE congeners showed null or weak nonsignificant inverse relations with neonatal TSH. Total serum PBDE was not associated with neonatal TSH (β = 0.00, 95% confidence interval: −0.06, 0.06). Except for brominated Diphenyl Ether 153, a higher serum PBDE level was related to elevated odds of high TSH (≥80th percentile), but associations were not statistically significant. Associations were not modified by infant sex, age at TSH measurement, maternal serum polychlorinated biphenyl concentration, or mode of delivery. Results were robust to sensitivity analysis. The authors found no conclusive evidence that prenatal exposure to PBDEs at levels similar to those of the general US population is related to neonatal TSH.
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determinants of serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether pbde levels among pregnant women in the chamacos cohort
Environmental Science & Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Rosemary Castorina, Andreas Sjodin, Kim G. Harley, Asa Bradman, Laura Fenster, Richard S. Jones, Ellen A Eisen, Brenda EskenaziAbstract:We measured levels of 10 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) congeners in serum collected during pregnancy and at delivery from 416 pregnant, predominantly immigrant, women living in Monterey County, CA. The most frequently detected congeners were BDE-47, -99, -100, and -153, all components of the penta mixture, detected in >97% of samples. We used multivariable regression models to examine factors associated with exposure to individual PBDE congeners as well as their total summed concentration (ng/g lipid). Prenatal and delivery total PBDE levels were correlated between sampling times (n = 21; Pearson r = 0.99, p < 0.001). In multivariable models, total PBDE levels increased significantly with time residing in the U.S. (p < 0.001) and among women with ≥3 pieces of stuffed furniture in their homes (p < 0.05). Women’s total PBDE levels increased 4.0% (95% CI = 2.8, 5.3) for each additional year residing in the U.S., after adjustment for prepregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, and SES. Having ≥3 pi...