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Allen A Herman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of continuing or stopping smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight crown heel length head circumference Ponderal Index and brain body weight ratio
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Stan Becker, Allen A HermanAbstract:The objective of this study was to determine whether stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and the 32nd week of pregnancy affects the smoking-associated changes in five infant anthropometric indices. The study population consisted of 15,185 births in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1991 and 1992. The associations between birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference, Ponderal Index, brain:body weight ratio, maternal smoking status at the first prenatal care visit and at 32 weeks' gestation, and other maternal and infant characteristics were assessed using multivariate linear regression. The infants of 946 women who stopped smoking before week 32 of pregnancy were statistically indistinguishable from the 9,802 infants of nondaily smokers in terms of birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but they retained a significant deficit in crown-heel length of 0.23 cm (standard error, 0.08) and a significant elevation in Ponderal Index of 0.027 (standard error, 0.009). In this study, stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and week 32 of pregnancy prevented smoking-associated deficits in infant birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but did not completely prevent deficits in crown-heel length in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same age, and did not prevent elevation of Ponderal Index in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same weight and age.
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maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and infant Ponderal Index at birth in the swedish medical birth register 1991 1992
American Journal of Public Health, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Allen A Herman, Stan BeckerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on infant body proportion. METHODS: The Ponderal Index, defined as birthweight divided by crown-heel length cubed, was examined in 207,607 infants from the Swedish Medical Birth Register for 1991 and 1992. RESULTS: Infant Ponderal Index was used as the outcome variable in an ordinary least squares continuous regression, which included early pregnancy smoking status, gestational age, and birthweight among the predictors. Ponderal Index increased by 0.030 (+/- 0.0014) among infants of moderate smokers and by 0.040 (+/- 0.0017) among infants of heavy smokers, showing a dose response. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking differentially alters the trajectory of weight vs length growth in the fetus.
Isaac Blickstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Ponderal Index in triplets i relationship to small for gestational age neonates
Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Isaac Blickstein, Robin B Kalish, Geeta Sharma, Debbie J Rhea, Louis G KeithAbstract:The aim of the study was to examine the Ponderal Index in small for gestational age (SGA) triplets. Prospectively collected data from a cohort of triplets born at 28 to 37 weeks were analyzed. A low neonatal Ponderal Index (birth weight / [length] 3 ) was defined as less than 1 SD below the mean (2.0), and SGA was considered as birth weight below the 10 th percentile by triplet standards. We studied 2181 sets of triplets. Triplets delivered at ≤33 weeks have a lower mean Ponderal Index compared with those delivered at >33 weeks. About 70% of SGA triplets do not have a low Ponderal Index, whereas 79.2% of infants with a low Ponderal Index are not SGA by triplet standards. Both the frequency of a low Ponderal Index and the frequency of infants with a low Ponderal Index who are not SGA decrease with increasing gestational age. We conclude that the majority of triplets with a low Ponderal Index might not be considered growth restricted, supporting the concept that reduced fetal weight of triplets is more likely a physiological rather than a pathological phenomenon.
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the Ponderal Index in triplets iii association with birth weight discordance
Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Robin B Kalish, Geeta Sharma, Debbie J Rhea, Louis G Keith, Isaac BlicksteinAbstract:Our objective was to determine the association of the Ponderal Index with birth weight discordance in triplets. We analyzed data from triplets delivered at 28-37 weeks for birth weight discordance (>25% difference between the heaviest and lightest triplet). Three categories of discordance (low skew, symmetrical, and high skew) were classified according to the relative position of the middle triplet. Birth weights and the Ponderal Index (birth weight/ [length]3) of all concordant and discordant triplet groups were compared. Of 752 triplet sets included, 184 (24.5%) were discordant. Total triplet birth weight was higher in the concordant compared to all discordant categories. As opposed to birth weight, where only the middle triplet differed according to discordance pattern, the Ponderal Index for the largest triplet was significantly higher in the low skew discordant group compared to the concordant and other discordant triplet groups. In contrast, the Ponderal Index for the smallest and middle triplets were similar among the discordant groups. We concluded that discordance in triplet pregnancies exhibits different patterns of mass (birth weight) versus size (Ponderal Index). Our findings suggest that it may be the size of largest triplet that determines the presence or absence or discordance in triplet gestations.
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the Ponderal Index in triplets ii gestational age related patterns of neonatal weights and lengths
Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Isaac Blickstein, Robin B Kalish, Geeta Sharma, Debbie J Rhea, Louis G KeithAbstract:In order to evaluate the determinants of high and low Ponderal indices in triplets, we analyzed prospectively collected data from a cohort of 2181 triplet births. Low and high neonatal Ponderal indices (birth weight/[length]3) were defined as below or above 1 SD from the mean. The mean Ponderal Index was of 2.4 +/- 0.4. At 30-31 weeks, there were significantly more infants with a low Ponderal Index; after 33 weeks, more infants were born with a high Index. Birth weights of infants with a high Index were significantly higher throughout the entire range of gestational ages, whereas their lengths were significantly smaller. Both birth weights and infant length had significant correlations with gestational ages for infants with a low (R2=0.97 and R2=0.94, respectively) as well as with high Ponderal indices (R2=0.95 and R2=0.94, respectively). The regression analyses suggest, however, different patterns for infants with low or high Ponderal indices.
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the Ponderal Index in triplets iv relationship with maternal height
Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2004Co-Authors: Emma Rossi, Isaac Blickstein, Debbie J Rhea, Louis G Keith, Anna Szerszen, Chris AhnAbstract:The purpose of the study was to further evaluate the relationship between maternal height and neonatal Ponderal Index and length. A total of 774 triplet sets with matched maternal stature was available for analyses. We found a significant correlation between maternal height and infant length for both nulliparas (R 2 =0.70, p=0.04) and multiparas (R 2 =0.99, p=0.00005). The slopes of the regressions were different than zero, but the difference between the respective regressions was not significant (p=0.83). The analysis revealed a significant correlation between infant Ponderal Index and maternal stature for nulliparas (R2 = 0.68, p=0.04) but not for the multiparas (R2 = 0.08, p=0.6). The slope of the regression for nulliparas was different than zero, but that for the nulliparas was not. The difference between the respective regressions was significant (p=0.03). We conclude that taller mothers deliver longer infants, irrespective of parity, whereas the effect of maternal height on the Ponderal Index is parity-dependent.
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the association of birth weight discordance and Ponderal Index in triplet gestations
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2003Co-Authors: Robin B Kalish, Geeta Sharma, Debbie J Rhea, Louis G Keith, Isaac BlicksteinAbstract:AL Index IN TRIPLET GESTATIONS ROBIN B. KALISH, GEETA SHARMA, LOUIS G. KEITH, DEBBIE J. RHEA, ISAAC BLICKSTEIN, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, NY Northwestern University, Gynecology, Chicago, IL Matria Healthcare Inc., Department of Clinical Research, Marietta, GA Kaplan Medical Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rehovot, Israel OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine the association of the Ponderal Index with birth weight discordance in triplets. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed data from triplets delivered at 28-37 weeks for birth weight discordance (> 25%difference between the heaviest and lightest triplet). Three categories of discordance (low skew, symmetrical, and high skew) were classified according to the relative position of the middle triplet. Birth weights and the Ponderal Index (birth weight/length 3) of all concordant and discordant triplet groups were compared. RESULTS: Of 752 triplet sets included, 184 (24.5%) were discordant. Total triplet birth weight was higher in the concordant compared to all discordant categories. As opposed to birth weight, where only the middle triplet differed according to discordance pattern, the Ponderal Index for the largest triplet was significantly higher in the low skew discordant group compared to the concordant and other discordant triplet groups. In contrast, the Ponderal Indexes for the smallest and middle triplets were similar among the discordant groups. CONCLUSION: Discordance in triplet pregnancies exhibits different patterns of mass (birth weight) versus size (Ponderal Index). Our findings suggest that it may be the size of the largest triplet that determines the presence or absence of discordance in triplet gestations.
Mark C Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cerebral palsy perinatal depression and low Ponderal Index
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2008Co-Authors: Mark C Williams, William F Obrien, William N SpellacyAbstract:SUMMARY To determine whether asymmetric growth restriction, abnormally lean body morphology, is associated with cerebral palsy (CP) in infants born with perinatal depression, perinatally depressed Collaborative Perinatal Project infants were assessed. Rates of Ponderal Index less than 5% for gestational age and race (low PI), a marker for asymmetric growth, were compared in infants either neurologically normal or having CP at 7 years of age. Low PI was associated with CP in infants with Apgar scores of 0 to 3 at 10, 15 or 20 minutes in both of these groups, after exclusion of small-for-gestationalage infants, and was a significant individual correlate of cerebral palsy with multiple logistic regression. The attributable risk of cerebral palsy related to low PI was 12.4%. RESUME IMC. detresse perinalale et Index de faible poids Dans le but de determiner si une restriction asymetrique die croissance, une morphologic de la corpulence anormale, est associee aľIMC chez les nourrissons nes avec detresse perinalale, les nourrissons du Collaborative Perinatal Project en detresse a la naissance ont ete evalues. Les taux dc niveaux ďIndex Ponderal (PI) inferieurs de plus de 5% pour ľâge de gestation et la race (PI bas), un marqueur de croissance asymetrique, ont ete compares avec ceux de nourrissons neurologiquemenl normaux ou au contraire, presentant une IMC aâage de 7 ans. Un PI bas etait associeaľLM.C: chez les nourrissons avec des scores ďApgar a 10. 15 ou 20 minutes de 0 a 3 dans les deux groupes, apres exclusion des nourrissons petits pour ľâge de gestation, et presentait une correlation individuelle significative ďIMC a une regression statistique multiple. Le risque ďIMC attribuable a un PI bas etait de 12.4 %. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Cerebralpare. se, perinalale Depression und niedriger GewichtsIndex Urn festzustellen, ob eine asymmetrische Wachstumshemmung, eine abnorm magere Korperstruktur bei Kindern mit perinataler Depression mit Cerebralparese assoziiert ist. wurden Kinder des Collaborative Perinatal Project untcrsucht. Wachstumsraten unter 5% fur Gestationsalter und Rasse (low PI), ein Marker fur asymmetrisches Wachstum, wurden bei neurologisch normalen Kindern und bei Kindern mit Cerebralparese im Alter von sieben Jahren verglichen. Ein niedriger PI war in beiden Gruppen bei Kindern, die mit 10, 15 oder 20 Minuten einen Apgar Wert von 0 bis 3 hatten, nach Ausschlus der Kinder, die fur ihrGesationsaltcr zu klein waren, mit einer Ccrebralparese verbunden, und mit der multiplen Regressionsanalyse fand sich ein direkter Zusammenhang mit der Cerebralparese. Das Risiko fur eine Cerebralparese durch einen niedrigen PI betrug 12.4%. RESUMEN Paralisis cerebral, depresion perinatal e indice Ponderal bajo Con el objeto de determinar si la restriccion asimetrica del crecimiento y un cuerpo anormalmente delgadp van asociados a una paralisis cerebral en lactantes nacidos con depresion perinatal, se evaluaron unos ninos con depresion perinatal en el Proyecto Perinatal Colaborativo. Los porcentajes del indice Ponderal de menos del 5% por la edad gestacional y la raza (bajo PI), un marcador para el cremimiento asimetrico, se compararon en lactantes neurologicamente normales o con paralisis cerebral a los 7 anos de edad. Un bajo PI iba asociado a una parαlisis cerebral en ninos con un puntaje Apgar a los 10, 15, o 20 minutos de 0 a 3 en ambos grupos, despues de excluir los ninos pequenos por la edad gestacional, y fue un correlato individual significativo de paralisis cerebral con multiple regresion logistica. El riesao de paralisis cerebral en relacion con un bajo PI fue del 12.4%.
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decreased birth weight placenta ratio and asymmetric growth restriction
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2000Co-Authors: Mark C WilliamsAbstract:Abstract Background: Asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction (AsymIUGR) in normal birth weight (BW) infants is associated with increased perinatal morbidity, but without documented length or head circumference it cannot be assessed. Objective: To evaluate the association between decreased BW/placenta ratio and markers of AsymIUGR in normal BW, term infants. Method: There were 34,568 singleton, nonanomalous infants born at 36–44 weeks with BW equal to or exceeding the 10th percentile were evaluated for the Collaborative Perinatal Project. AsymIUGR markers were BW/length ratio, Ponderal Index, and BW/head circumference. AsymIUGR markers and BW/placenta weight less than the 10th percentile for gestation and gender were considered low. Five-minute Apgar score of 0–3 (low Apgar) was judged low. Relative risks with 95% confidence intervals, excluding 1.0, and P values Results: Low BW/placental weight ratio occurred in 1,912 (5.5%) infants and was associated with increased rates of low BW/length ratio, low Ponderal Index, low BW/head circumference ratio (relative risks 1.6, 1.3, and 2.0, respectively, all P Conclusions: Low BW/placental weight ratio is correlated with increased risk for AsymIUGR and low Apgar in term, nonanomalous, normal BW infants. Low BW/placental weight ratio may represent a useful, readily available marker for poor nutritional status at birth when birth length or head circumference are unavailable for analysis.
Anna A Lindley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of continuing or stopping smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight crown heel length head circumference Ponderal Index and brain body weight ratio
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Stan Becker, Allen A HermanAbstract:The objective of this study was to determine whether stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and the 32nd week of pregnancy affects the smoking-associated changes in five infant anthropometric indices. The study population consisted of 15,185 births in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1991 and 1992. The associations between birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference, Ponderal Index, brain:body weight ratio, maternal smoking status at the first prenatal care visit and at 32 weeks' gestation, and other maternal and infant characteristics were assessed using multivariate linear regression. The infants of 946 women who stopped smoking before week 32 of pregnancy were statistically indistinguishable from the 9,802 infants of nondaily smokers in terms of birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but they retained a significant deficit in crown-heel length of 0.23 cm (standard error, 0.08) and a significant elevation in Ponderal Index of 0.027 (standard error, 0.009). In this study, stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and week 32 of pregnancy prevented smoking-associated deficits in infant birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but did not completely prevent deficits in crown-heel length in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same age, and did not prevent elevation of Ponderal Index in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same weight and age.
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maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and infant Ponderal Index at birth in the swedish medical birth register 1991 1992
American Journal of Public Health, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Allen A Herman, Stan BeckerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on infant body proportion. METHODS: The Ponderal Index, defined as birthweight divided by crown-heel length cubed, was examined in 207,607 infants from the Swedish Medical Birth Register for 1991 and 1992. RESULTS: Infant Ponderal Index was used as the outcome variable in an ordinary least squares continuous regression, which included early pregnancy smoking status, gestational age, and birthweight among the predictors. Ponderal Index increased by 0.030 (+/- 0.0014) among infants of moderate smokers and by 0.040 (+/- 0.0017) among infants of heavy smokers, showing a dose response. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking differentially alters the trajectory of weight vs length growth in the fetus.
Stan Becker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of continuing or stopping smoking during pregnancy on infant birth weight crown heel length head circumference Ponderal Index and brain body weight ratio
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Stan Becker, Allen A HermanAbstract:The objective of this study was to determine whether stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and the 32nd week of pregnancy affects the smoking-associated changes in five infant anthropometric indices. The study population consisted of 15,185 births in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 1991 and 1992. The associations between birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference, Ponderal Index, brain:body weight ratio, maternal smoking status at the first prenatal care visit and at 32 weeks' gestation, and other maternal and infant characteristics were assessed using multivariate linear regression. The infants of 946 women who stopped smoking before week 32 of pregnancy were statistically indistinguishable from the 9,802 infants of nondaily smokers in terms of birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but they retained a significant deficit in crown-heel length of 0.23 cm (standard error, 0.08) and a significant elevation in Ponderal Index of 0.027 (standard error, 0.009). In this study, stopping smoking between the first prenatal care visit and week 32 of pregnancy prevented smoking-associated deficits in infant birth weight, head circumference, and brain:body weight ratio, but did not completely prevent deficits in crown-heel length in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same age, and did not prevent elevation of Ponderal Index in comparison with nonsmokers' infants of the same weight and age.
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maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and infant Ponderal Index at birth in the swedish medical birth register 1991 1992
American Journal of Public Health, 2000Co-Authors: Anna A Lindley, Ronald H Gray, Allen A Herman, Stan BeckerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on infant body proportion. METHODS: The Ponderal Index, defined as birthweight divided by crown-heel length cubed, was examined in 207,607 infants from the Swedish Medical Birth Register for 1991 and 1992. RESULTS: Infant Ponderal Index was used as the outcome variable in an ordinary least squares continuous regression, which included early pregnancy smoking status, gestational age, and birthweight among the predictors. Ponderal Index increased by 0.030 (+/- 0.0014) among infants of moderate smokers and by 0.040 (+/- 0.0017) among infants of heavy smokers, showing a dose response. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking differentially alters the trajectory of weight vs length growth in the fetus.