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Dingshinn Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Posttransfusion Hepatitis C virus infection in children
    The Journal of Pediatrics, 1994
    Co-Authors: Mei-hwei Chang, Peijer Chen, Hung-chi Lue, Hong-yuan Hsu, Ming-jiuh Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was investigated retrospectively and prospectively in children who had open heart surgery. The retrospective study included 196 patients who had open heart surgery 2 to 6 years before enrollment and were regularly followed. Antibody to HCV was detected in eight cases, and seven of these eight patients had viremia caused by HCV infection. The other patient's anti-HCV titer gradually decreased and HCV ribonucleic acid was absent throughout the course. Four of these eight had persistent viral replication without clinical evidence of Hepatitis; the other three had viremia and chronic Hepatitis. The HCV infection rate in the retrospective study group was about 4%. The HCV was of genotype 2 in five cases and of genotype 3 in two cases. The clinical outcome was not related to sex, age, amount of transfusion, or HCV genotype. For the prospective study, we enrolled 94 patients. Of the 56 enrolled after the initiation of anti-HCV screening in the blood bank, none was infected by HCV. Of the 94 patients, 38 were enrolled before screening; 4 had abnormal liver function 1 to 3 months after operation, and 2 were infected with HCV. One patient had an acute but resolving course; the other had persistent anti-HCV and HCV viremia, although the liver function test results returned to the normal range. The HCV in both cases belonged to genotype 2. We conclude that in Taiwan the seroconversion rate of HCV in children who underwent open heart surgery was 4% to 5%. Anti-HCV screening in donor blood significantly decreased the incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis C. (J P EDIATR 1994;124:709-13)

  • Impact of screening blood donors for Hepatitis C antibody on Posttransfusion Hepatitis: a prospective study with a second-generation anti-Hepatitis C virus assay.
    Transfusion, 1994
    Co-Authors: Y Y Huang, S S Yang, W S Shih, C S Huang, P H Chen, Y M Lin, C T Shen, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Background Hepatitis C is the major cause of Posttransfusion Hepatitis. Blood components that are positive for antibody to Hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) can transmit Posttransfusion Hepatitis. Study design and methods To investigate the effect on Posttransfusion Hepatitis of screening blood donors with a second-generation test for anti-HCV, 249 transfusion recipients who underwent cardiovascular surgery were prospectively followed. Six recipients who were positive for anti-HCV before transfusion and 51 subjects with incomplete follow-up were excluded from this study. Results Eleven (13.8%) of 80 subjects who received unscreened blood had two successive serum alanine aminotransferase levels > 90 U per L. Seven (8.8% of total) developed anti-HCV and HCV RNA and two (2.5% of total) developed IgM antibody to cytomegalovirus (IgM anti-CMV). By contrast, 3 (2.7%) of the 112 subjects who received anti-HCV-screened blood had two successive serum alanine aminotransferase levels > 90 U per L. None of these three developed anti-HCV and HCV RNA, but two (1.8% of total) showed the development of IgM anti-CMV. The study shows that screening for anti-HCV in blood donors with a second-generation test almost abrogated Posttransfusion viral Hepatitis C. Conclusion After anti-HCV screening, other body fluid-transmitted viruses such as CMV may become important in Posttransfusion Hepatitis.

  • Detection of Replicative Form of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Paired samples of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 7 patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C were collected and studied for the presence of replicative forms of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). RNA was extracted and tested for both positive and negative strands of HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Positive-strand RNA of HCV was found in both plasma and PBMC of all 7 patients. However, negative-strand RNA was found in PBMC of 3 patients while none was found in the plasma. Levels of negative-strand RNA were about 10-100 times less than those of positive-strand RNA by semiquantification with serial dilution of viral cDNA. The results suggest that active infection and replication of HCV in PBMC is present in patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C and implicate the extrahepatic infection of HCV.

  • transient immunoglobulin m antibody response to Hepatitis c virus capsid antigen in Posttransfusion Hepatitis c putative serological marker for acute viral infection
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992
    Co-Authors: Peijer Chen, Jintown Wang, Lih Hwa Hwang, Yann Hwa Yang, Chia Ling Hsieh, Jiahorng Kao, Jinchuan Sheu, Ming Yang Lai, Teh Hong Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Abstract The development of serological assays for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has made specific diagnosis possible. However, markers useful in indicating acute-phase HCV infection have not been identified. By an immunoblotting method, we characterized the IgM and IgG antibody response against HCV capsid antigen in patients with HCV infection. Among 88% of patients with acute Posttransfusion Hepatitis C recruited in a prospective study, there was a transient IgM antibody response. The IgM antibody appeared shortly after onset of Hepatitis (average 3.7 weeks), persisted for several months (average 18 weeks), and then disappeared. In contrast, the IgG antibody persisted long-term once it appeared. Among patients with chronic Hepatitis C with milder disease activities (serum aminotransferase increase above normal levels of less than 4-fold), the IgM antibody was negative in the majority (72%). In those with acute exacerbations (aminotransferase increase of greater than 10-fold), about 55% were negative for the IgM antibody. The reactivity of the IgM antibody in the rest was weaker or became negative upon further dilution of serum. The results suggest that IgM anti-capsid antibody may serve as a marker indicating acute or active HCV infection.

  • Posttransfusion Hepatitis revisited by Hepatitis C antibody assays and polymerase chain reaction.
    Gastroenterology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Chang-yi Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Sera of 40 patients with Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis were tested for Hepatitis C and B viral genomes by polymerase chain reaction and for Hepatitis C antibodies by synthetic peptide immunoassays. Five were then considered to have chronic Hepatitis before transfusion. Six patients without Hepatitis C markers and Hepatitis B virus DNA recovered. In 29 recipients who became positive for Hepatitis C virus RNA, Posttransfusion Hepatitis C was diagnosed. Of them, 5 were Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. Synthetic peptide immunoassays detected 28 whereas anti-C100 assay detected 23 of the 29 acute Hepatitis C patients. Anticapsid antibody appeared earlier than the antinonstructural antibody in 10 seroconverters. They appeared simultaneously in 15 seroconverters but anticapsid antibody appeared later then the antinonstructural antibody in 3 Hepatitis B carriers. Transient suppression of Hepatitis B surface antigenemia was found in 2, whereas elevated Hepatitis B virus DNA was found in 3 carriers during acute Hepatitis C superinfection. In 2 carriers whose Hepatitis C became chronic, both Hepatitis B and C viral genomes persisted throughout 2 years of followup. Therefore these assays define Posttransfusion Hepatitis C more precisely, and there seems no significant interference between chronic Hepatitis B and C virus infections.

Jintown Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Detection of Replicative Form of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Paired samples of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 7 patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C were collected and studied for the presence of replicative forms of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). RNA was extracted and tested for both positive and negative strands of HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Positive-strand RNA of HCV was found in both plasma and PBMC of all 7 patients. However, negative-strand RNA was found in PBMC of 3 patients while none was found in the plasma. Levels of negative-strand RNA were about 10-100 times less than those of positive-strand RNA by semiquantification with serial dilution of viral cDNA. The results suggest that active infection and replication of HCV in PBMC is present in patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C and implicate the extrahepatic infection of HCV.

  • transient immunoglobulin m antibody response to Hepatitis c virus capsid antigen in Posttransfusion Hepatitis c putative serological marker for acute viral infection
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992
    Co-Authors: Peijer Chen, Jintown Wang, Lih Hwa Hwang, Yann Hwa Yang, Chia Ling Hsieh, Jiahorng Kao, Jinchuan Sheu, Ming Yang Lai, Teh Hong Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Abstract The development of serological assays for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has made specific diagnosis possible. However, markers useful in indicating acute-phase HCV infection have not been identified. By an immunoblotting method, we characterized the IgM and IgG antibody response against HCV capsid antigen in patients with HCV infection. Among 88% of patients with acute Posttransfusion Hepatitis C recruited in a prospective study, there was a transient IgM antibody response. The IgM antibody appeared shortly after onset of Hepatitis (average 3.7 weeks), persisted for several months (average 18 weeks), and then disappeared. In contrast, the IgG antibody persisted long-term once it appeared. Among patients with chronic Hepatitis C with milder disease activities (serum aminotransferase increase above normal levels of less than 4-fold), the IgM antibody was negative in the majority (72%). In those with acute exacerbations (aminotransferase increase of greater than 10-fold), about 55% were negative for the IgM antibody. The reactivity of the IgM antibody in the rest was weaker or became negative upon further dilution of serum. The results suggest that IgM anti-capsid antibody may serve as a marker indicating acute or active HCV infection.

  • Posttransfusion Hepatitis revisited by Hepatitis C antibody assays and polymerase chain reaction.
    Gastroenterology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Chang-yi Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Sera of 40 patients with Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis were tested for Hepatitis C and B viral genomes by polymerase chain reaction and for Hepatitis C antibodies by synthetic peptide immunoassays. Five were then considered to have chronic Hepatitis before transfusion. Six patients without Hepatitis C markers and Hepatitis B virus DNA recovered. In 29 recipients who became positive for Hepatitis C virus RNA, Posttransfusion Hepatitis C was diagnosed. Of them, 5 were Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. Synthetic peptide immunoassays detected 28 whereas anti-C100 assay detected 23 of the 29 acute Hepatitis C patients. Anticapsid antibody appeared earlier than the antinonstructural antibody in 10 seroconverters. They appeared simultaneously in 15 seroconverters but anticapsid antibody appeared later then the antinonstructural antibody in 3 Hepatitis B carriers. Transient suppression of Hepatitis B surface antigenemia was found in 2, whereas elevated Hepatitis B virus DNA was found in 3 carriers during acute Hepatitis C superinfection. In 2 carriers whose Hepatitis C became chronic, both Hepatitis B and C viral genomes persisted throughout 2 years of followup. Therefore these assays define Posttransfusion Hepatitis C more precisely, and there seems no significant interference between chronic Hepatitis B and C virus infections.

  • Improved serodiagnosis of Posttransfusion Hepatitis C virus infection by a second-generation immunoassay based on multiple recombinant antigens.
    Vox sanguinis, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Jin-chuan Slieu, Cha-ze Lee, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Serial serum samples from 35 patients with Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis in a prospective study were tested for antibody to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by a multiple recombinant antigen based immunoassay [anti-HCV (2nd); Abbott], Of them, 23 were positive for anti-C100, and 27 were positive for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. By anti-HCV (2nd), 28 patients were positive, and all except 1 of the 28 patients were positive for HCV RNA. A total of 24 patients, who became HCV RNA positive at the acute stage and who were negative for both anti-C100 and anti-HCV (2nd) before transfusion, were considered to have Posttransfusion Hepatitis C. The mean time to seroconversion for anti-HCV (2nd) was 7.5 or 12.1 weeks after the onset of Hepatitis or the date of transfusion, respectively, and was generally 6 weeks earlier than that detected by anti-C100. However, seroconversion was delayed in 2 Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers as compared with anti-C100. The anti-C100 assay detected 20 (83%) and the anti-HCV (2nd) all 24 patients with documented Posttransfusion Hepatitis C. The second-generation test is, therefore, better than conventional anti-C100 for the early diagnosis of HCV infection.

  • Hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis and low efficiency of transmission among spouses.
    Journal of medical virology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    In a prospective study of Posttransfusion Hepatitis, 14 patients who were diagnosed with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C were enrolled randomly for the study of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in saliva. Saliva and serum samples were collected on the same day. Spouses of 11 married patients were also tested for anti-C100 and HCV RNA. Paired serum and saliva samples were tested for HCV RNA by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two primer pairs specific for the non-coding region of HCV were used for the PCR and a oligonucleotide sequence between the primers was used as the probe for Southern hybridization. Six patients were positive for HCV RNA by first round PCR amplification and an additional four patients were detected after second round PCR. All patients were negative for HCV RNA in saliva after first round PCR, while seven were positive after second round PCR amplification. All seven patients were positive for HCV RNA in paired serum samples. HCV RNA was detectable in saliva from 1 week to 38 months after the onset of Hepatitis. All spouses were negative for anti-C100 and HCV RNA. We conclude that HCV RNA is present in the saliva of approximately half of patients with acute and chronic Hepatitis C, and the presence of HCV RNA correlates with HCV viremia. The efficiency of HCV transmission is low among spouses.

Teh Hong Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Detection of Replicative Form of Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Paired samples of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 7 patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C were collected and studied for the presence of replicative forms of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). RNA was extracted and tested for both positive and negative strands of HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Positive-strand RNA of HCV was found in both plasma and PBMC of all 7 patients. However, negative-strand RNA was found in PBMC of 3 patients while none was found in the plasma. Levels of negative-strand RNA were about 10-100 times less than those of positive-strand RNA by semiquantification with serial dilution of viral cDNA. The results suggest that active infection and replication of HCV in PBMC is present in patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C and implicate the extrahepatic infection of HCV.

  • transient immunoglobulin m antibody response to Hepatitis c virus capsid antigen in Posttransfusion Hepatitis c putative serological marker for acute viral infection
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992
    Co-Authors: Peijer Chen, Jintown Wang, Lih Hwa Hwang, Yann Hwa Yang, Chia Ling Hsieh, Jiahorng Kao, Jinchuan Sheu, Ming Yang Lai, Teh Hong Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Abstract The development of serological assays for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has made specific diagnosis possible. However, markers useful in indicating acute-phase HCV infection have not been identified. By an immunoblotting method, we characterized the IgM and IgG antibody response against HCV capsid antigen in patients with HCV infection. Among 88% of patients with acute Posttransfusion Hepatitis C recruited in a prospective study, there was a transient IgM antibody response. The IgM antibody appeared shortly after onset of Hepatitis (average 3.7 weeks), persisted for several months (average 18 weeks), and then disappeared. In contrast, the IgG antibody persisted long-term once it appeared. Among patients with chronic Hepatitis C with milder disease activities (serum aminotransferase increase above normal levels of less than 4-fold), the IgM antibody was negative in the majority (72%). In those with acute exacerbations (aminotransferase increase of greater than 10-fold), about 55% were negative for the IgM antibody. The reactivity of the IgM antibody in the rest was weaker or became negative upon further dilution of serum. The results suggest that IgM anti-capsid antibody may serve as a marker indicating acute or active HCV infection.

  • Posttransfusion Hepatitis revisited by Hepatitis C antibody assays and polymerase chain reaction.
    Gastroenterology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Chang-yi Wang, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Sera of 40 patients with Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis were tested for Hepatitis C and B viral genomes by polymerase chain reaction and for Hepatitis C antibodies by synthetic peptide immunoassays. Five were then considered to have chronic Hepatitis before transfusion. Six patients without Hepatitis C markers and Hepatitis B virus DNA recovered. In 29 recipients who became positive for Hepatitis C virus RNA, Posttransfusion Hepatitis C was diagnosed. Of them, 5 were Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. Synthetic peptide immunoassays detected 28 whereas anti-C100 assay detected 23 of the 29 acute Hepatitis C patients. Anticapsid antibody appeared earlier than the antinonstructural antibody in 10 seroconverters. They appeared simultaneously in 15 seroconverters but anticapsid antibody appeared later then the antinonstructural antibody in 3 Hepatitis B carriers. Transient suppression of Hepatitis B surface antigenemia was found in 2, whereas elevated Hepatitis B virus DNA was found in 3 carriers during acute Hepatitis C superinfection. In 2 carriers whose Hepatitis C became chronic, both Hepatitis B and C viral genomes persisted throughout 2 years of followup. Therefore these assays define Posttransfusion Hepatitis C more precisely, and there seems no significant interference between chronic Hepatitis B and C virus infections.

  • Improved serodiagnosis of Posttransfusion Hepatitis C virus infection by a second-generation immunoassay based on multiple recombinant antigens.
    Vox sanguinis, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Jin-chuan Slieu, Cha-ze Lee, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    Serial serum samples from 35 patients with Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis in a prospective study were tested for antibody to Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by a multiple recombinant antigen based immunoassay [anti-HCV (2nd); Abbott], Of them, 23 were positive for anti-C100, and 27 were positive for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. By anti-HCV (2nd), 28 patients were positive, and all except 1 of the 28 patients were positive for HCV RNA. A total of 24 patients, who became HCV RNA positive at the acute stage and who were negative for both anti-C100 and anti-HCV (2nd) before transfusion, were considered to have Posttransfusion Hepatitis C. The mean time to seroconversion for anti-HCV (2nd) was 7.5 or 12.1 weeks after the onset of Hepatitis or the date of transfusion, respectively, and was generally 6 weeks earlier than that detected by anti-C100. However, seroconversion was delayed in 2 Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers as compared with anti-C100. The anti-C100 assay detected 20 (83%) and the anti-HCV (2nd) all 24 patients with documented Posttransfusion Hepatitis C. The second-generation test is, therefore, better than conventional anti-C100 for the early diagnosis of HCV infection.

  • Hepatitis C virus RNA in saliva of patients with Posttransfusion Hepatitis and low efficiency of transmission among spouses.
    Journal of medical virology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jintown Wang, Jinchuan Sheu, Teh Hong Wang, Jaw-town Lin, Dingshinn Chen
    Abstract:

    In a prospective study of Posttransfusion Hepatitis, 14 patients who were diagnosed with Posttransfusion Hepatitis C were enrolled randomly for the study of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in saliva. Saliva and serum samples were collected on the same day. Spouses of 11 married patients were also tested for anti-C100 and HCV RNA. Paired serum and saliva samples were tested for HCV RNA by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two primer pairs specific for the non-coding region of HCV were used for the PCR and a oligonucleotide sequence between the primers was used as the probe for Southern hybridization. Six patients were positive for HCV RNA by first round PCR amplification and an additional four patients were detected after second round PCR. All patients were negative for HCV RNA in saliva after first round PCR, while seven were positive after second round PCR amplification. All seven patients were positive for HCV RNA in paired serum samples. HCV RNA was detectable in saliva from 1 week to 38 months after the onset of Hepatitis. All spouses were negative for anti-C100 and HCV RNA. We conclude that HCV RNA is present in the saliva of approximately half of patients with acute and chronic Hepatitis C, and the presence of HCV RNA correlates with HCV viremia. The efficiency of HCV transmission is low among spouses.

Yoichi Satomura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to Hepatitis c virus by first and second generation assays as a means of preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis
    Hepatology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Susumu Takano, Yoichi Satomura, K Nakamura, Shigenobu Kawai, Osamu Yokosuka, Masao Omata
    Abstract:

    In November 1989, the Japanese Red Cross began screening blood donors for the Hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) by first-generation assay and high-titer Hepatitis B virus core antigen antibody. A significant reduction in the incidence of acute Posttransfusion Hepatitis was reported; however, the incidence still ranged from 2 percent to 4 percent. The Red Cross changed to the second-generation assay in February 1992, the objective being the complete elimination of potential Posttransfusion Hepatitis. The aim was to elucidate the advantage of second-generation assay as a blood-donor screening test. The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis after the introduction of second-generation assay was compared with that before the introduction of the first-generation assay and with that during its use. The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis was 9.6 percent (216/2,240) before anti-HCV-s donor screening. It was 3.7 percent (24/655) and 0.9 percent (3/326) after the introductions of the first- and second-generation Hepatitis C virus (HCV) assays, respectively (chi (2) = 50.0, P < .01). Blood-donor screening by second-generation anti-HCV provided a significant benefit compared with the first-generation assay.

  • Prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to Hepatitis C virus by first‐ and second‐generation assays as a means of preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis
    Hepatology (Baltimore Md.), 1996
    Co-Authors: Susumu Takano, Yoichi Satomura, K Nakamura, Shigenobu Kawai, Osamu Yokosuka, Masao Omata
    Abstract:

    In November 1989, the Japanese Red Cross began screening blood donors for the Hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) by first-generation assay and high-titer Hepatitis B virus core antigen antibody. A significant reduction in the incidence of acute Posttransfusion Hepatitis was reported; however, the incidence still ranged from 2 percent to 4 percent. The Red Cross changed to the second-generation assay in February 1992, the objective being the complete elimination of potential Posttransfusion Hepatitis. The aim was to elucidate the advantage of second-generation assay as a blood-donor screening test. The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis after the introduction of second-generation assay was compared with that before the introduction of the first-generation assay and with that during its use. The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis was 9.6 percent (216/2,240) before anti-HCV-s donor screening. It was 3.7 percent (24/655) and 0.9 percent (3/326) after the introductions of the first- and second-generation Hepatitis C virus (HCV) assays, respectively (chi (2) = 50.0, P < .01). Blood-donor screening by second-generation anti-HCV provided a significant benefit compared with the first-generation assay.

  • Prospective assessment of incidence of fulminant Hepatitis in post-transfusion Hepatitis: A study of 504 cases
    Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 1994
    Co-Authors: Susumu Takano, Masao Omata, Masao Ohto, Yoichi Satomura
    Abstract:

    The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis and “fulminant” Hepatitis was investigated by a plan devised at our hospital in December 1982. Of 2959 blood recipients between January 1982 and December 1988, 504 (22.5%) developed Posttransfusion Hepatitis, with a mean transfusion volume of 10.2 units. Of the 504 cases of Posttransfusion Hepatitis, “icteric” (T-Bil>2.0 mg/dl) and “overt icteric” Hepatitis (T-Bil>5.0 mg-dl) developed in 111 cases (22.0%) and 28 cases (5.6%), respectively. Of the 28 overt icteric Hepatitis cases, 13 (2.8%) were thought to be true overt icteric Posttransfusion Hepatitis because the icterus was caused by other reasons in the other 15 cases (seven neonatal jaundice, four hemolytic anemia, one radiation Hepatitis, one halothane-induced Hepatitis; two other cases were excluded because chronic liver disease was diagnosed by imaging procedures despite serum ALTs in the normal range before transfusion). The anti-HCV serostatus was investigated in five of the 13 true overt icteric Posttransfusion Hepatitis patients using blood specimens taken 180 days or more following the onset of Posttransfusion Hepatitis. Anti-HCV seroconversion occurred in three of the five cases (60%). HCV seroconversions were not seen in the cases in which the icterus was due to other reasons.

  • prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to Hepatitis c virus and high titer antibody to hbcag as a means of preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis
    Hepatology, 1993
    Co-Authors: M Susumu D Takano, Masao Omata, Masao Oht, Yoichi Satomura
    Abstract:

    Since December 1989, the Japan Red Cross Blood Bureau has screened blood donors for Hepatitis C virus antibody on the basis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high titers of antibody to HBc antigen. To elucidate the effectiveness of the new screening tests in preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis, the incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis after the introduction of the new tests (December 1989 to December 1990) was compared with the incidence before their introduction (January 1982 to December 1988). The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis was 9.8% (219 of 2240), with a mean transfusion volume of 10.2 units, before the screening and 3.7% (12 of 326), with a mean transfusion volume of 14.7 units, after the introduction of the new tests. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease of incidence of Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis after the introduction of the new tests (X2 = 10.9, p < 0.01). Posttransfusion Hepatitis B occurred in 3 of 2,240 recipients (0.13%) before the introduction of HBc antibody testing. No cases of Posttransfusion B viral Hepatitis developed after the introduction of the new tests. Hepatitis C virus antibody status was investigated in 7 of 12 Posttransfusion Hepatitis patients who contracted the disease after the new screening tests were initiated. Hepatitis C virus antibody seroconversion occurred in three of the seven cases (43%), as detected on first- and second-generation Hepatitis C virus antibody assays and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

  • Prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to Hepatitis C virus and high‐titer antibody to HBcAg as a means of preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis
    Hepatology (Baltimore Md.), 1993
    Co-Authors: M D Susumu Takano, Masao Omata, Masao Oht, Yoichi Satomura
    Abstract:

    Since December 1989, the Japan Red Cross Blood Bureau has screened blood donors for Hepatitis C virus antibody on the basis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high titers of antibody to HBc antigen. To elucidate the effectiveness of the new screening tests in preventing Posttransfusion Hepatitis, the incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis after the introduction of the new tests (December 1989 to December 1990) was compared with the incidence before their introduction (January 1982 to December 1988). The incidence of Posttransfusion Hepatitis was 9.8% (219 of 2240), with a mean transfusion volume of 10.2 units, before the screening and 3.7% (12 of 326), with a mean transfusion volume of 14.7 units, after the introduction of the new tests. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease of incidence of Posttransfusion non-A, non-B Hepatitis after the introduction of the new tests (X2 = 10.9, p < 0.01). Posttransfusion Hepatitis B occurred in 3 of 2,240 recipients (0.13%) before the introduction of HBc antibody testing. No cases of Posttransfusion B viral Hepatitis developed after the introduction of the new tests. Hepatitis C virus antibody status was investigated in 7 of 12 Posttransfusion Hepatitis patients who contracted the disease after the new screening tests were initiated. Hepatitis C virus antibody seroconversion occurred in three of the seven cases (43%), as detected on first- and second-generation Hepatitis C virus antibody assays and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Makoto Mayumi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dna virus ttv associated with Posttransfusion Hepatitis of unknown etiology
    Hepatology Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: Hiroaki Okamoto, Tsutomu Nishizawa, Yuzo Miyakawa, Naomi Kato, Masato Ukita, Hiroki Ikeda, Hisao Iizuka, Makoto Mayumi
    Abstract:

    Abstract The genomic DNA of a novel virus named TT virus (TTV), associated with Posttransfusion Hepatitis of unknown etiology, was cloned from plasma of a blood donor with an elevated transaminase level but without serological markers of known Hepatitis viruses, and its sequence of 3739 bases was determined. TTV had a density of 1.26 g/cm 3 in sucrose, which did not change after the treatment with Tween 80. The viral genome was sensitive to DNase I and Mung Bean Nuclease. Hence, TTV would be an unenveloped, single-stranded DNA virus. Two possible open reading frames in different frames were identified, capable of encoding 770 and 202 amino acids, respectively. When a partial sequence of 356 bases was compared among TTV isolates from 78 sera from blood donors and Hepatitis patients, it showed considerable divergence with differences of up to 30%. Oligonucleotide primers were designed on two well-conserved regions for the detection of TTV DNA in serum and biopsied liver tissues by polymerase chain reaction. TTV DNA was detected in sera from 9 of 19 (47%) patients with fulminant Hepatitis and 41 of 90 (46%) patients with chronic liver disease of unknown etiology. TTV DNA was detected in liver tissues of all the five patients tested, in titers equal or 10–100 times higher than those in the corresponding sera. These results indicate that TTV would be responsible for a part of acute and chronic liver disease of unknown etiology.

  • a novel dna virus ttv associated with elevated transaminase levels in Posttransfusion Hepatitis of unknown etiology
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1997
    Co-Authors: Tsutomu Nishizawa, Hiroaki Okamoto, Keiko Konishi, Hiroshi Yoshizawa, Yuzo Miyakawa, Makoto Mayumi
    Abstract:

    By means of representational difference analysis, a viral clone (N22) of 500 nucleotides was isolated from serum of a patient (TT) with Posttransfusion Hepatitis of unknown etiology. The N22 clone showed a poor homology to any reported sequences. Oligonucleotide primers were deduced from the N22 sequence for detecting it by polymerase chain reaction. N22 sequence in serum banded at a sucrose density of 1.26 g/cm3, indicating its association with a viral particle which was designated TT virus (TTV). Since nucleic acids of TTV were sensitive to DNase I, it would be a DNA virus. TTV DNA was detected in sera from three of the five patients with Posttransfusion non-A to G Hepatitis, including the index case (TT). TTV DNA titers closely correlated with aminotransferase levels in the three patients. These results indicate that TTV would be a novel DNA virus with a possible capacity to induce Posttransfusion non-A to G Hepatitis.