The Experts below are selected from a list of 66 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kenneth C. Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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History of the Development of Arsenic Derivatives in Cancer Therapy
The Oncologist, 2001Co-Authors: Samuel Waxman, Kenneth C. AndersonAbstract:Arsenic is a natural substance that has been used medicinally for over 2,400 years. In the 19th century, it was the mainstay of the materia medica. A solution of Potassium Arsenite (Fowler's solution) was used for a variety of systemic illnesses from the 18th until the 20th century. This multipurpose solution was also primary therapy for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia until replaced by radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapy. The past 100 years have seen a precipitous decline in arsenic use and, by the mid-1990s, the only recognized indication was the treatment of trypanosomiasis. Much of this decline was due to concerns about the toxicity and potential carcinogenicity of chronic arsenic administration. The rebirth of arsenic therapy occurred in the 1970s when physicians in China began using arsenic trioxide as part of a treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Their accumulated experience showed that a stable solution of arsenic trioxide given by intravenous infusion was remarkably safe and effective both in patients with newly diagnosed APL leukemia and in those with refractory and relapsed APL. The mechanisms of action of arsenic derivatives in this disease and other malignancies are many and include induction of apoptosis, partial cytodifferentiation, inhibition of proliferation, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Molecular studies and ongoing clinical trials suggest that, as a chemotherapeutic agent, arsenic trioxide shows great promise in the treatment of malignant disease.
J Ashby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Arsenite as the probable active species in the human carcinogenicity of arsenic: mouse micronucleus assays on Na and K Arsenite, orpiment, and Fowler's solution.
Environmental health perspectives, 1991Co-Authors: H Tinwell, S C Stephens, J AshbyAbstract:Sodium Arsenite, Potassium Arsenite, and Fowler's solution (arsenic trioxide dissolved in Potassium bicarbonate) are equally active in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay (approximately 10 mg/kg by IP injection). The natural ore orpiment (principally As2S3) was inactive despite blood levels of arsenic of 300 to 900 ng/mL in treated mice at 24 hr. Sodium Arsenite was active in three strains of mice. It is suggested that the human lung cancer observed among arsenic ore smelters and the skin cancer among people exposed therapeutically to Fowler's solution, have, as their common origin, the genotoxic Arsenite ion AsO2-. The difficulty experienced when attempting to demonstrate rodent carcinogenicity for derivatives of arsenic suggests that the bone marrow micronucleus assay may act as a useful assay for potentially carcinogenic arsenic derivatives.
Jack F. Morgan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Organic Reactions - The Preparation of Aromatic Arsonic and Arsinic Acids by the Bart, Bechamp, and Rosenmund Reactions
Organic Reactions, 2011Co-Authors: Cliff S. Hamilton, Jack F. MorganAbstract:Arsonic acids may be regarded as derived from orthoarsenic acid, by replacement of one of the hydroxyl groups with an organic residue, the arsenic acids are similarly derived by replacement of the two hydroxyl groups. The preparation of aromatic arsenic acids is described in this chapter. The most widely used is the Bart reaction, which involves the interaction of a diazonium salt with an inorganic arsenic compound. Arsenic acids are also obtained as by-products in the Bechamp synthesis. In the Rosenmund synthesis, salts of arsenic acids are obtained by treatment of aryl halides with sodium or Potassium Arsenite. Keywords: aromatic arsenic acid; arsinic acid; Bart reaction; Bechamp reaction; Rosenmund reaction; limitations; side reactions; procedures; arsonation
M.s. Tallman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Arsenic trioxide: its role in acute promyelocytic leukemia and potential in other hematologic malignancies.
Blood reviews, 2001Co-Authors: M.s. TallmanAbstract:1More than 50 years ago, arsenicals (included in Flower’s solution; Potassium Arsenite) were recognized to be effective in controlling the white blood cell count (WBC) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. 2,3 However, with the introduction of contemporary cytotoxic chemotherapy, the use of arsenic-containing compounds was abandoned throughout most of the 20th century with the exception of melarsoprol for the treatment of trypanosomiasis, until reports from China emerged showing that arsenic trioxide (ATO) was extremely effective in inducing complete remission (CR) in patients with relapsed and refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). 4,5 The outstanding results from these preliminary reports led to studies in the United States and elsewhere which confirmed very high CR rates achieved with ATO in patients with relapsed and refractory APL, even among those patients resistant to all-transretinoic acid (ATRA). At the same time, a large number of correlative ancillary laboratory studies have examined the specific mechanism of action of ATO in patients with APL. 6‐8
W Tarello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Complete remission after treatment of Capripoxvirus infection in sheep using Potassium Arsenite 0.5% (Fowler's solution)
Revue De Medecine Veterinaire, 2007Co-Authors: W Tarello, J. KinneAbstract:SUMMARY The aim of this study was to find an effective therapy against sheep pox during an outbreak affecting 145 sheep, 87 (60 percent) of which were pregnant. The disease occurred in December 2005 in a herd of 5500 non vaccinated animals, in the United Arab Emirates. Diagnosis was based on generalised skin pox lesions and isolation of the Capripoxvirus from a representative animal submitted for post-mortem examination. Collateral clinical signs, including weight loss, poor appetite, lethargy and dyspnoea, were present in 75 (51.7 percent) animals. Sheep were treated intramuscularly with Potassium Arsenite 0.5 percent at doses of 1 ml per 20 kg per day, thus 0.185 mg of As per Kg per day, for 5 consecutive days. Collateral signs disappeared within 24 hours, initial healing of skin pox lesions was evident within an average time of 36 hours and complete healing was obtained within an average recovery time of 3 days. No side effects were noticed. This study suggests that Potassium Arsenite can eliminate clinical signs and mortality associated with sheep pox in a rapid and effective way.
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chronic fatigue syndrome cfs associated with staphylococcus spp bacteremia responsive to Potassium Arsenite 0 5 in a veterinary surgeon and his coworking wife handling with cfs animal cases
Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2001Co-Authors: W TarelloAbstract:Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in human patients remain a controversial and perplexing condition with emerging zoonotic aspects. Recent advances in human medicine seem to indicate a bacterial etiology and the condition has already been described in horses, dogs, cats and birds of prey in association with micrococci-like organisms in the blood. To evaluate the possibility of a chronic bacteremia, a veterinary surgeon (the author) and his coworking wife, both diagnosed with CFS and meeting the CDC working case definition, were submitted to rapid blood cultures and fresh blood smears investigations. Blood cultures proved Staph-positive and micrococci-like organisms in the blood were repeatedly observed in the 3-year period preceding the arsenical therapy, during which several medicaments, including antibiotics, proved unsuccessful. Following treatment with a low dosage arsenical drug (Potassium Arsenite 0.5%, im., 1 ml/12 h, for 10 days) both patients experienced complete remission. At the post-treatment control made 1 month later, micrococci had disappeared from the blood, and the CD4/CD8 ratio was raising.
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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) in cats : symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of 7 cases
2001Co-Authors: W TarelloAbstract:SUMMARY A diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) was made on 7 cats, according to the current human criteria for this condition. Persistent fatigue and related symptoms lasting more than 6 months were associated with upper respiratory tract dysfunctions, chronic shedding hairs and, in some cases, anaemia. Observation of micrococci-like organisms in the blood and high creatine kinase levels at rest were hallmarks apparently supporting the physical nature of this illness. All animals had relapsed after extensive prior treatment with current medications and were consequently submitted to a 34 day course of Potassium Arsenite 0.5 % (Fowler’s solution) in low dosage (0.1 ml/kg/day), intramuscularly. No side effects were ever noted. Controls made between 15 and 30 days after the arsenical treatment confirmed a complete clinical and haematological remission from the syndrome. Considerations were made on the nature of the micrococci-like organisms seen in the blood and their possible role in the aetiology of feline syndrome. The biological and therapeutic actions of arsenical drugs are also reviewed.