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Dingzhong Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the nb lrr gene pm60 confers Powdery Mildew resistance in wheat
New Phytologist, 2018Co-Authors: Shenghao Zou, Huan Wang, Zhaosheng Kong, Dingzhong TangAbstract:Powdery Mildew is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. To date, few Powdery Mildew resistance genes have been cloned from wheat due to the size and complexity of the wheat genome. Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the A genome of wheat and is an important source for Powdery Mildew resistance genes. Using molecular markers designed from scaffolds of the sequenced T. urartu accession and standard map-based cloning, a Powdery Mildew resistance locus was mapped to a 356-kb region, which contains two nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat domain (NB-LRR) protein-encoding genes. Virus-induced gene silencing, single-cell transient expression, and stable transformation assays demonstrated that one of these two genes, designated Pm60, confers resistance to Powdery Mildew. Overexpression of full-length Pm60 and two allelic variants in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves induced hypersensitive cell death response, but expression of the coiled-coil domain alone was insufficient to induce hypersensitive response. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and luciferase complementation imaging assays showed that Pm60 protein interacts with its neighboring NB-containing protein, suggesting that they might be functionally related. The identification and cloning of this novel wheat Powdery Mildew resistance gene will facilitate breeding for disease resistance in wheat.
Katalin Pakozdi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of Powdery Mildew resistance qtl in strawberry fragaria ananassa
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Helen M Cockerton, Robert J Vickerstaff, Maria K Sobczyk, Joe Q He, K J Mcleary, A J Passey, Fiona Wilson, Amanda Karlstrom, Daniel J. Sargent, Katalin PakozdiAbstract:Key Message Powdery Mildew resistance in two strawberry mapping populations is controlled by both stable and transient novel QTL of moderate effect. Some low transferability of QTL across wider germplasm was observed. The obligate biotrophic fungus Podosphaera aphanis is the causative agent of Powdery Mildew on cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). Genotypes from two bi-parental mapping populations ‘Emily’ × ‘Fenella’ and ‘Redgauntlet’ × ‘Hapil’ were phenotyped for Powdery Mildew disease severity in a series of field trials. Here, we report multiple QTL associated with resistance to Powdery Mildew, identified in ten phenotyping events conducted across different years and locations. Six QTL show a level of stable resistance across multiple phenotyping events; however, many other QTL were represented in a single phenotyping event and therefore must be considered transient. Subsequent screening of identified QTL across a validation set determined whether identified QTL remained closely linked to the associated resistance gene in the wider germplasm. Furthermore, a preliminary association analysis identified a novel conserved locus for further investigation. Our data suggest that resistance is highly complex and that multiple, primarily additive, sources of quantitative resistance to Powdery Mildew exist across strawberry germplasm. Utilisation of the reported markers in marker-assisted breeding or genomic selection would lead to improved Powdery Mildew-resistant strawberry cultivars, particularly where the studied parents, progeny and close pedigree material are included in breeding germplasm.
Michael E. Matheron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of Fungicides for Management of Powdery Mildew on Lettuce in 2006
Vegetable Report, 2006Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew on lettuce is caused by the fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum). The disease is favored by moderate to warm temperatures and relatively dry weather conditions. Several fungicides were evaluated for their ability to suppress development of Powdery Mildew on lettuce in 2006. Powdery Mildew was first detected Jan 26 in this trial. The data in the accompanying table illustrate the degree of control obtained by applications of the various materials tested in this trial. Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from virtually complete to minimal; however, all treatments significantly reduced the severity of both Mildew diseases compared to nontreated plants. This trial was initiated as a combined downy and Powdery Mildew trial; therefore, some of the products were placed in the test specifically for downy Mildew. Due to low humidity levels and no rainfall during the trial, no downy Mildew developed.
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Efficacy of Fungicides for Management of Powdery Mildew on Cantaloupe in 2005
Vegetable Report, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew occurs annually on melons in Arizona. Podosphaera xanthii (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) is the plant pathogenic fungus that causes Powdery Mildew on cucurbits, such as cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon, cucumber and squash. Development of Powdery Mildew on melons is favored by moderate temperatures and relative humidity, succulent plant growth and reduced light intensity brought about by a dense plant canopy. Existing products as well as some materials under development were evaluated and compared for efficacy in management of Powdery Mildew on cantaloupe in a field trial conducted during the spring of 2005 at the University of Arizona Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. A high level of disease had developed by the time disease severity data was recorded (June 10). Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from modest to essentially complete control. All treatments significantly reduced the severity of Powdery Mildew compared to untreated plants. Relative performance of treatments on the upper leaf surface differed from that on the underside of leaves. The best treatments among all tested fungicides included Quintec, Pristine, BAS517, Procure and Topsin M + Microthiol Disperss. Good levels of disease control were also achieved by Rubigan and Cabrio. The number of marketable cantaloupes was significantly higher in plots where Powdery Mildew was well controlled compared to untreated plots. Among tested products, several are registered for use in Arizona for control of Powdery Mildew on melons. Using a mixture of products or rotating among efficacious fungicides with different modes of action is important to minimize the development of insensitivity by the pathogen population to one or more of these active ingredients.
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FIELD EVIDENCE FOR A NEW RACE OF Powdery Mildew ON MELON
HortScience, 2005Co-Authors: James D. Mccreight, Michael D. Coffey, T. A. Turini, Michael E. MatheronAbstract:Races 1 and 2 of Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea) were defined in Imperial Valley, Calif. 1938 when P. xanthii overcame genetic resistance in `PMR 45'. Race 3 was first observed in the U.S. in 1976 in Texas; 15 additional races of P. xanthii have been reported in the literature since 1996. Races 1 and 2 have been common in Arizona and California based upon the effectiveness of the Powdery Mildew resistance genes in commercially available melon cultivars grown in these states. Field data from 11 commonly used melon P. xanthii race differentials in 2001 and 2002 indicated the presence of race 1 in the Imperial Valley and San Joaquin Valley of California, and Yuma, Arizona. In spring 2003, the Powdery Mildew race situation changed. The first evidence was the occurrence of a severe and widespread infection of Powdery Mildew in a commercial cantaloupe field. The 11 Powdery Mildew race differentials were susceptible to Powdery Mildew in a nearby replicated field test. PI 313970, a melon from India, was resistant to this apparent new race of Powdery Mildew.
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Management of Powdery Mildew on Cantaloupe in 2004
2004Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew occurs annually on melons in Arizona. Podosphaera xanthii (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) is the plant pathogenic fungus that causes Powdery Mildew on cucurbits, such as cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon, cucumber and squash. Development of Powdery Mildew on melons is favored by moderate temperatures and relative humidity, succulent plant growth and reduced light intensity brought about by a dense plant canopy. Existing products as well as some materials under development were evaluated and compared for efficacy in management of Powdery Mildew on cantaloupe in a field trial conducted during the spring of 2004 at the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. A high level of disease had developed by the time this trial was terminated (June 10). Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from modest to essentially complete control. All treatments significantly reduced the severity of Powdery Mildew compared to untreated plants. Relative performance of treatments on the top of leaves differed from that on the underside of leaves. The better treatments among all tested fungicides included Bravo Ultrex, Cabrio, Cabrio alternated with Procure, Flint alternated with Bravo, Microthiol Disperss, Procure, Procure alternated with Quinoxyfen, Quinoxyfen, Quinoxyfen alternated with Topsin M, Rally, Topsin M+Microthiol Disperss, and Topsin M alternated with Cabrio. Among tested products, several are registered for use in Arizona for control of Powdery Mildew on melons. The use of a mixture or rotation among efficacious chemistries with different modes of action is important to minimize the development of insensitivity by the pathogen to one or more of these active ingredients.
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Fungicide Performance for Management of Powdery Mildew on Lettuce in 2004
Vegetable Report, 2004Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew on lettuce is caused by the fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum). The disease is favored by moderate to warm temperatures and relatively dry weather conditions. Several fungicides were evaluated for their ability to suppress development of Powdery Mildew on lettuce in 2004. Powdery Mildew appeared in our plots by January 15 and reached high levels by plant maturity (March 10). Compared to nontreated plants, all treatments significantly reduced the final severity of Powdery Mildew on lettuce. No Powdery Mildew was observed in plots treated with Cabrio, Quinoxyfen, Pristine, and Procure. High levels of disease suppression were evident in plots treated with Serenade+Sonata alternated with Quadris, Sonata, Actigard, Serenade+Sonata, and Quadris.
Martin Porchas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of Fungicides for Management of Powdery Mildew on Lettuce in 2006
Vegetable Report, 2006Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew on lettuce is caused by the fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum). The disease is favored by moderate to warm temperatures and relatively dry weather conditions. Several fungicides were evaluated for their ability to suppress development of Powdery Mildew on lettuce in 2006. Powdery Mildew was first detected Jan 26 in this trial. The data in the accompanying table illustrate the degree of control obtained by applications of the various materials tested in this trial. Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from virtually complete to minimal; however, all treatments significantly reduced the severity of both Mildew diseases compared to nontreated plants. This trial was initiated as a combined downy and Powdery Mildew trial; therefore, some of the products were placed in the test specifically for downy Mildew. Due to low humidity levels and no rainfall during the trial, no downy Mildew developed.
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Efficacy of Fungicides for Management of Powdery Mildew on Cantaloupe in 2005
Vegetable Report, 2005Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew occurs annually on melons in Arizona. Podosphaera xanthii (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) is the plant pathogenic fungus that causes Powdery Mildew on cucurbits, such as cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon, cucumber and squash. Development of Powdery Mildew on melons is favored by moderate temperatures and relative humidity, succulent plant growth and reduced light intensity brought about by a dense plant canopy. Existing products as well as some materials under development were evaluated and compared for efficacy in management of Powdery Mildew on cantaloupe in a field trial conducted during the spring of 2005 at the University of Arizona Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. A high level of disease had developed by the time disease severity data was recorded (June 10). Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from modest to essentially complete control. All treatments significantly reduced the severity of Powdery Mildew compared to untreated plants. Relative performance of treatments on the upper leaf surface differed from that on the underside of leaves. The best treatments among all tested fungicides included Quintec, Pristine, BAS517, Procure and Topsin M + Microthiol Disperss. Good levels of disease control were also achieved by Rubigan and Cabrio. The number of marketable cantaloupes was significantly higher in plots where Powdery Mildew was well controlled compared to untreated plots. Among tested products, several are registered for use in Arizona for control of Powdery Mildew on melons. Using a mixture of products or rotating among efficacious fungicides with different modes of action is important to minimize the development of insensitivity by the pathogen population to one or more of these active ingredients.
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Management of Powdery Mildew on Cantaloupe in 2004
2004Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew occurs annually on melons in Arizona. Podosphaera xanthii (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) is the plant pathogenic fungus that causes Powdery Mildew on cucurbits, such as cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon, cucumber and squash. Development of Powdery Mildew on melons is favored by moderate temperatures and relative humidity, succulent plant growth and reduced light intensity brought about by a dense plant canopy. Existing products as well as some materials under development were evaluated and compared for efficacy in management of Powdery Mildew on cantaloupe in a field trial conducted during the spring of 2004 at the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. A high level of disease had developed by the time this trial was terminated (June 10). Among treatments, the degree of Powdery Mildew suppression ranged from modest to essentially complete control. All treatments significantly reduced the severity of Powdery Mildew compared to untreated plants. Relative performance of treatments on the top of leaves differed from that on the underside of leaves. The better treatments among all tested fungicides included Bravo Ultrex, Cabrio, Cabrio alternated with Procure, Flint alternated with Bravo, Microthiol Disperss, Procure, Procure alternated with Quinoxyfen, Quinoxyfen, Quinoxyfen alternated with Topsin M, Rally, Topsin M+Microthiol Disperss, and Topsin M alternated with Cabrio. Among tested products, several are registered for use in Arizona for control of Powdery Mildew on melons. The use of a mixture or rotation among efficacious chemistries with different modes of action is important to minimize the development of insensitivity by the pathogen to one or more of these active ingredients.
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Fungicide Performance for Management of Powdery Mildew on Lettuce in 2004
Vegetable Report, 2004Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew on lettuce is caused by the fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum). The disease is favored by moderate to warm temperatures and relatively dry weather conditions. Several fungicides were evaluated for their ability to suppress development of Powdery Mildew on lettuce in 2004. Powdery Mildew appeared in our plots by January 15 and reached high levels by plant maturity (March 10). Compared to nontreated plants, all treatments significantly reduced the final severity of Powdery Mildew on lettuce. No Powdery Mildew was observed in plots treated with Cabrio, Quinoxyfen, Pristine, and Procure. High levels of disease suppression were evident in plots treated with Serenade+Sonata alternated with Quadris, Sonata, Actigard, Serenade+Sonata, and Quadris.
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Fungicide Performance for Control of Powdery Mildew on Lettuce in 2003
Vegetable Report, 2003Co-Authors: Michael E. Matheron, Martin PorchasAbstract:Powdery Mildew on lettuce is caused by the fungus Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum). This disease is favored by moderate to warm temperatures and dry weather conditions. Several potential new fungicides were evaluated for control of Powdery Mildew on lettuce in 2003. Powdery Mildew appeared in our plots by Jan 9 and reached high levels by plant maturity on Feb 19. Compared to non-treated plants, all treatments significantly reduced the final severity of Powdery Mildew on lettuce statistically. However, only a limited number of compounds, such as Rally, Microthiol Disperss, Quinoxyfen, Flint, Zoxamide, Maneb, Pristine and Cabrio, provided the degree of disease control that would be of value to growers. The trial was intended to be a downy and Powdery Mildew trial; therefore, some of the treatments within this study were specifically included for downy Mildew. No downy Mildew developed; however, the downy Mildew test products did offer some protection against Powdery Mildew.
Helen M Cockerton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of Powdery Mildew resistance qtl in strawberry fragaria ananassa
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Helen M Cockerton, Robert J Vickerstaff, Maria K Sobczyk, Joe Q He, K J Mcleary, A J Passey, Fiona Wilson, Amanda Karlstrom, Daniel J. Sargent, Katalin PakozdiAbstract:Key Message Powdery Mildew resistance in two strawberry mapping populations is controlled by both stable and transient novel QTL of moderate effect. Some low transferability of QTL across wider germplasm was observed. The obligate biotrophic fungus Podosphaera aphanis is the causative agent of Powdery Mildew on cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). Genotypes from two bi-parental mapping populations ‘Emily’ × ‘Fenella’ and ‘Redgauntlet’ × ‘Hapil’ were phenotyped for Powdery Mildew disease severity in a series of field trials. Here, we report multiple QTL associated with resistance to Powdery Mildew, identified in ten phenotyping events conducted across different years and locations. Six QTL show a level of stable resistance across multiple phenotyping events; however, many other QTL were represented in a single phenotyping event and therefore must be considered transient. Subsequent screening of identified QTL across a validation set determined whether identified QTL remained closely linked to the associated resistance gene in the wider germplasm. Furthermore, a preliminary association analysis identified a novel conserved locus for further investigation. Our data suggest that resistance is highly complex and that multiple, primarily additive, sources of quantitative resistance to Powdery Mildew exist across strawberry germplasm. Utilisation of the reported markers in marker-assisted breeding or genomic selection would lead to improved Powdery Mildew-resistant strawberry cultivars, particularly where the studied parents, progeny and close pedigree material are included in breeding germplasm.
