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In Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antifungal efficacy of environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper or boron salts
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Hoyong Kim, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hanseob Jeong, Youngho Yoon, Byeong Cheol Min, In YangAbstract:Okara, an organic waste product obtained from soy milk production, was used with copper chloride or sodium borate to formulate new wood Preservatives as a substitute for expensive wood Preservatives, such as copper-azole-based Preservatives and ammoniacal copper quaternary. Before formulating the Preservatives, okara was hydrolyzed by enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, and protease) to augment penetration and fix the biocide salts of the Preservatives into wood blocks. The Preservatives were injected into wood blocks by vacuum pressure to measure the treatability of the Preservatives. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 d to measure leachability. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were affected by the type and loading amount of enzymes and the addition of sodium borate into okara-based wood Preservative formulations. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives formulated with copper chloride and okara hydrolysates were 63.38 and 3.15%, and those of the Preservatives with copper chloride, okara hydrolysates, and sodium borate were 61.47 and 3.32%, respectively. Despite the hot water leaching, wood blocks treated with Preservatives formulated with 2% cellulase, pectinase, and protease hydrolyzed okara, CuCl(2), and sodium borate showed only 1.98% average weight loss against Fomitopsis palustris over 12 weeks. Microscopic observation revealed how okara-based Preservatives work in wood blocks. Okara has potential as a raw material for cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
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environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper and or boron salts
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Gyuseong Han, Hanseob Jeong, Ki Woo Kim, Youngho Yoon, In YangAbstract:Novel biocides, such as copper azole (CuAz) and ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ), are extensively used as substitutes for chromate copper arsenate (CCA) in wood preservation. However, the expense of these biocides has necessitated the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness against decaying fungi of the Preservatives formulated with enzymatic-hydrolyzed okara (OK), which is an organic waste produced from the manufacture of tofu, CuCl2 (CC) and/or Na2B4O7·10H2O (B). With the addition of NH4OH as a dissociating agent, the addition of OK facilitated the target retention of most of the OK/CC and OK/CC/B Preservative formulations in wood blocks. The OK-based wood Preservatives (OK-WPs) were stable against hot-water leaching. When compared with control and CC-treated wood blocks, the leached wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations showed excellent decay resistance against both Postia placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum, especially when OK was hydrolyzed by Celluclast at a loading level of 0.1 ml/g. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectrometry analyses demonstrated that Preservative complexes, such as OK–CC and OK–CC–B, existed in the wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations. This study results support the potential application of OK-WPs as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives capable of replacing CuAz and ACQ.
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effects of acid concentration and the addition of copper boron salts on the efficacy of okara based wood Preservatives
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling, 2009Co-Authors: Hanseob Jeong, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, Gyuseong Han, In YangAbstract:This research was carried out to formulate environmentally friendly wood Preservatives with okara and to investigate the effects of the acid concentration used for the hydrolysis of okara and salt type on the decay resistance of the Preservatives. Okara-based Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzates, which were prepared with 0, 1%, and 2% sulfuric acid at for 1 hr, and salts such as copper chloride and/or sodium borate. The Preservatives were treated into wood blocks by vacuum-pressure method, and then the treated wood blocks were leached in hot water for 72 hrs. The fungal treatments of the leached wood blocks were conducted by brown-rot fungus, Tyromyces palustris, and white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to examine the decay resistance of the Preservatives. As the acid concentration used for hydrolysis of okara increased, the treat-ability and decay resistance of the Preservatives were improved, which the leachability was decreased. Wood blocks treated with the okara/copper or okara/copper/borax, showed very good decay resistance against T. palustris and T. versicolor. However, wood blocks treated with the okara/borax and okara-free Preservative solutions, were observed the fungal decay by T. palustris. The optimal conditions for the preparation of okara-based wood Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzed with 1% sulfuric acid, copper chloride and borax.
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efficacy of wood Preservatives formulated from okara with copper and or boron salts
Journal of Wood Science, 2008Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, In YangAbstract:As a substitute for high-cost copper azole (CuAz) and alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) wood Preservatives, alternative wood Preservatives were formulated with okara, which is an organic waste from the production of tofu, and copper chloride and/or borax. Each Preservative was used in treatment of wood blocks in a reduced-pressure method to measure its treatability. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 days to examine the stability of the Preservatives against hot-water leaching. The Preservatives successfully penetrated into wood blocks, probably due to the use of ammonium hydroxide as a dissociating agent. However, the stability of okara-based Preservatives dropped as the concentration of acid in the solutions used for hydrolysis of okara increased. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were not affected by hydrolysis temperature but were negatively affected by the addition of borax. Leached wood blocks treated with okara-based Preservatives and exposed to decay fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta over 12 weeks showed good decay resistance. Okara-based wood Preservatives can protect wood against fungal attack as effectively as CuAz, and have potential for use as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
Osman Sagdic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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zygosaccharomyces bailii and z rouxii induced ethanol formation in apple juice supplemented with different natural Preservatives a response surface methodology approach
Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2019Co-Authors: Kevser Karaman, Osman SagdicAbstract:Abstract In this study, ethanol produced by osmophilic yeasts, Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Z. rouxii, in apple juice preserved with mint essential oil (MEO), carvacrol and natamycin instead of synthetic Preservatives was modeled. Some processing parameters such as sodium benzoate (SB, 0–0.1%) used as a positive control, storage temperature (4–20 °C) and storage time (1–41 days) were selected in the study. Box-Behnken design in response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effects of processing parameters on ethanol levels of apple juice and three models were created for three Preservatives for each yeast. Preservative type affected the ethanol formation in apple juice for both yeasts studied. Increase of Preservative concentration decreased the ethanol formation during the storage period. The best effective Preservative was determined as MEO and Z. bailii was found to be quite resistant yeast against to the preserving agents for three models as compared to Z. rouxii. Ethanol level increased with the increase of both storage temperature and time for both yeasts. The results showed that apple juice could be preserved by these three Preservatives, but the MEO was the most effective agent for apple juice during the storage.
Sye Hee Ahn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antifungal efficacy of environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper or boron salts
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Hoyong Kim, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hanseob Jeong, Youngho Yoon, Byeong Cheol Min, In YangAbstract:Okara, an organic waste product obtained from soy milk production, was used with copper chloride or sodium borate to formulate new wood Preservatives as a substitute for expensive wood Preservatives, such as copper-azole-based Preservatives and ammoniacal copper quaternary. Before formulating the Preservatives, okara was hydrolyzed by enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, and protease) to augment penetration and fix the biocide salts of the Preservatives into wood blocks. The Preservatives were injected into wood blocks by vacuum pressure to measure the treatability of the Preservatives. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 d to measure leachability. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were affected by the type and loading amount of enzymes and the addition of sodium borate into okara-based wood Preservative formulations. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives formulated with copper chloride and okara hydrolysates were 63.38 and 3.15%, and those of the Preservatives with copper chloride, okara hydrolysates, and sodium borate were 61.47 and 3.32%, respectively. Despite the hot water leaching, wood blocks treated with Preservatives formulated with 2% cellulase, pectinase, and protease hydrolyzed okara, CuCl(2), and sodium borate showed only 1.98% average weight loss against Fomitopsis palustris over 12 weeks. Microscopic observation revealed how okara-based Preservatives work in wood blocks. Okara has potential as a raw material for cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
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environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper and or boron salts
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Gyuseong Han, Hanseob Jeong, Ki Woo Kim, Youngho Yoon, In YangAbstract:Novel biocides, such as copper azole (CuAz) and ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ), are extensively used as substitutes for chromate copper arsenate (CCA) in wood preservation. However, the expense of these biocides has necessitated the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness against decaying fungi of the Preservatives formulated with enzymatic-hydrolyzed okara (OK), which is an organic waste produced from the manufacture of tofu, CuCl2 (CC) and/or Na2B4O7·10H2O (B). With the addition of NH4OH as a dissociating agent, the addition of OK facilitated the target retention of most of the OK/CC and OK/CC/B Preservative formulations in wood blocks. The OK-based wood Preservatives (OK-WPs) were stable against hot-water leaching. When compared with control and CC-treated wood blocks, the leached wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations showed excellent decay resistance against both Postia placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum, especially when OK was hydrolyzed by Celluclast at a loading level of 0.1 ml/g. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectrometry analyses demonstrated that Preservative complexes, such as OK–CC and OK–CC–B, existed in the wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations. This study results support the potential application of OK-WPs as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives capable of replacing CuAz and ACQ.
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effects of acid concentration and the addition of copper boron salts on the efficacy of okara based wood Preservatives
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling, 2009Co-Authors: Hanseob Jeong, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, Gyuseong Han, In YangAbstract:This research was carried out to formulate environmentally friendly wood Preservatives with okara and to investigate the effects of the acid concentration used for the hydrolysis of okara and salt type on the decay resistance of the Preservatives. Okara-based Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzates, which were prepared with 0, 1%, and 2% sulfuric acid at for 1 hr, and salts such as copper chloride and/or sodium borate. The Preservatives were treated into wood blocks by vacuum-pressure method, and then the treated wood blocks were leached in hot water for 72 hrs. The fungal treatments of the leached wood blocks were conducted by brown-rot fungus, Tyromyces palustris, and white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to examine the decay resistance of the Preservatives. As the acid concentration used for hydrolysis of okara increased, the treat-ability and decay resistance of the Preservatives were improved, which the leachability was decreased. Wood blocks treated with the okara/copper or okara/copper/borax, showed very good decay resistance against T. palustris and T. versicolor. However, wood blocks treated with the okara/borax and okara-free Preservative solutions, were observed the fungal decay by T. palustris. The optimal conditions for the preparation of okara-based wood Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzed with 1% sulfuric acid, copper chloride and borax.
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efficacy of wood Preservatives formulated from okara with copper and or boron salts
Journal of Wood Science, 2008Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, In YangAbstract:As a substitute for high-cost copper azole (CuAz) and alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) wood Preservatives, alternative wood Preservatives were formulated with okara, which is an organic waste from the production of tofu, and copper chloride and/or borax. Each Preservative was used in treatment of wood blocks in a reduced-pressure method to measure its treatability. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 days to examine the stability of the Preservatives against hot-water leaching. The Preservatives successfully penetrated into wood blocks, probably due to the use of ammonium hydroxide as a dissociating agent. However, the stability of okara-based Preservatives dropped as the concentration of acid in the solutions used for hydrolysis of okara increased. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were not affected by hydrolysis temperature but were negatively affected by the addition of borax. Leached wood blocks treated with okara-based Preservatives and exposed to decay fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta over 12 weeks showed good decay resistance. Okara-based wood Preservatives can protect wood against fungal attack as effectively as CuAz, and have potential for use as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
Ingyu Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antifungal efficacy of environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper or boron salts
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Hoyong Kim, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hanseob Jeong, Youngho Yoon, Byeong Cheol Min, In YangAbstract:Okara, an organic waste product obtained from soy milk production, was used with copper chloride or sodium borate to formulate new wood Preservatives as a substitute for expensive wood Preservatives, such as copper-azole-based Preservatives and ammoniacal copper quaternary. Before formulating the Preservatives, okara was hydrolyzed by enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, and protease) to augment penetration and fix the biocide salts of the Preservatives into wood blocks. The Preservatives were injected into wood blocks by vacuum pressure to measure the treatability of the Preservatives. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 d to measure leachability. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were affected by the type and loading amount of enzymes and the addition of sodium borate into okara-based wood Preservative formulations. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives formulated with copper chloride and okara hydrolysates were 63.38 and 3.15%, and those of the Preservatives with copper chloride, okara hydrolysates, and sodium borate were 61.47 and 3.32%, respectively. Despite the hot water leaching, wood blocks treated with Preservatives formulated with 2% cellulase, pectinase, and protease hydrolyzed okara, CuCl(2), and sodium borate showed only 1.98% average weight loss against Fomitopsis palustris over 12 weeks. Microscopic observation revealed how okara-based Preservatives work in wood blocks. Okara has potential as a raw material for cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
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environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper and or boron salts
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Gyuseong Han, Hanseob Jeong, Ki Woo Kim, Youngho Yoon, In YangAbstract:Novel biocides, such as copper azole (CuAz) and ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ), are extensively used as substitutes for chromate copper arsenate (CCA) in wood preservation. However, the expense of these biocides has necessitated the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness against decaying fungi of the Preservatives formulated with enzymatic-hydrolyzed okara (OK), which is an organic waste produced from the manufacture of tofu, CuCl2 (CC) and/or Na2B4O7·10H2O (B). With the addition of NH4OH as a dissociating agent, the addition of OK facilitated the target retention of most of the OK/CC and OK/CC/B Preservative formulations in wood blocks. The OK-based wood Preservatives (OK-WPs) were stable against hot-water leaching. When compared with control and CC-treated wood blocks, the leached wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations showed excellent decay resistance against both Postia placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum, especially when OK was hydrolyzed by Celluclast at a loading level of 0.1 ml/g. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectrometry analyses demonstrated that Preservative complexes, such as OK–CC and OK–CC–B, existed in the wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations. This study results support the potential application of OK-WPs as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives capable of replacing CuAz and ACQ.
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effects of acid concentration and the addition of copper boron salts on the efficacy of okara based wood Preservatives
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling, 2009Co-Authors: Hanseob Jeong, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, Gyuseong Han, In YangAbstract:This research was carried out to formulate environmentally friendly wood Preservatives with okara and to investigate the effects of the acid concentration used for the hydrolysis of okara and salt type on the decay resistance of the Preservatives. Okara-based Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzates, which were prepared with 0, 1%, and 2% sulfuric acid at for 1 hr, and salts such as copper chloride and/or sodium borate. The Preservatives were treated into wood blocks by vacuum-pressure method, and then the treated wood blocks were leached in hot water for 72 hrs. The fungal treatments of the leached wood blocks were conducted by brown-rot fungus, Tyromyces palustris, and white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to examine the decay resistance of the Preservatives. As the acid concentration used for hydrolysis of okara increased, the treat-ability and decay resistance of the Preservatives were improved, which the leachability was decreased. Wood blocks treated with the okara/copper or okara/copper/borax, showed very good decay resistance against T. palustris and T. versicolor. However, wood blocks treated with the okara/borax and okara-free Preservative solutions, were observed the fungal decay by T. palustris. The optimal conditions for the preparation of okara-based wood Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzed with 1% sulfuric acid, copper chloride and borax.
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efficacy of wood Preservatives formulated from okara with copper and or boron salts
Journal of Wood Science, 2008Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, In YangAbstract:As a substitute for high-cost copper azole (CuAz) and alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) wood Preservatives, alternative wood Preservatives were formulated with okara, which is an organic waste from the production of tofu, and copper chloride and/or borax. Each Preservative was used in treatment of wood blocks in a reduced-pressure method to measure its treatability. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 days to examine the stability of the Preservatives against hot-water leaching. The Preservatives successfully penetrated into wood blocks, probably due to the use of ammonium hydroxide as a dissociating agent. However, the stability of okara-based Preservatives dropped as the concentration of acid in the solutions used for hydrolysis of okara increased. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were not affected by hydrolysis temperature but were negatively affected by the addition of borax. Leached wood blocks treated with okara-based Preservatives and exposed to decay fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta over 12 weeks showed good decay resistance. Okara-based wood Preservatives can protect wood against fungal attack as effectively as CuAz, and have potential for use as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
Hanseob Jeong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antifungal efficacy of environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper or boron salts
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Hoyong Kim, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hanseob Jeong, Youngho Yoon, Byeong Cheol Min, In YangAbstract:Okara, an organic waste product obtained from soy milk production, was used with copper chloride or sodium borate to formulate new wood Preservatives as a substitute for expensive wood Preservatives, such as copper-azole-based Preservatives and ammoniacal copper quaternary. Before formulating the Preservatives, okara was hydrolyzed by enzymes (cellulase, pectinase, and protease) to augment penetration and fix the biocide salts of the Preservatives into wood blocks. The Preservatives were injected into wood blocks by vacuum pressure to measure the treatability of the Preservatives. The treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for 3 d to measure leachability. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives were affected by the type and loading amount of enzymes and the addition of sodium borate into okara-based wood Preservative formulations. The treatability and leachability of the Preservatives formulated with copper chloride and okara hydrolysates were 63.38 and 3.15%, and those of the Preservatives with copper chloride, okara hydrolysates, and sodium borate were 61.47 and 3.32%, respectively. Despite the hot water leaching, wood blocks treated with Preservatives formulated with 2% cellulase, pectinase, and protease hydrolyzed okara, CuCl(2), and sodium borate showed only 1.98% average weight loss against Fomitopsis palustris over 12 weeks. Microscopic observation revealed how okara-based Preservatives work in wood blocks. Okara has potential as a raw material for cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives.
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environmentally friendly wood Preservatives formulated with enzymatic hydrolyzed okara copper and or boron salts
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Gyuseong Han, Hanseob Jeong, Ki Woo Kim, Youngho Yoon, In YangAbstract:Novel biocides, such as copper azole (CuAz) and ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ), are extensively used as substitutes for chromate copper arsenate (CCA) in wood preservation. However, the expense of these biocides has necessitated the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly wood Preservatives. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness against decaying fungi of the Preservatives formulated with enzymatic-hydrolyzed okara (OK), which is an organic waste produced from the manufacture of tofu, CuCl2 (CC) and/or Na2B4O7·10H2O (B). With the addition of NH4OH as a dissociating agent, the addition of OK facilitated the target retention of most of the OK/CC and OK/CC/B Preservative formulations in wood blocks. The OK-based wood Preservatives (OK-WPs) were stable against hot-water leaching. When compared with control and CC-treated wood blocks, the leached wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations showed excellent decay resistance against both Postia placenta and Gloeophyllum trabeum, especially when OK was hydrolyzed by Celluclast at a loading level of 0.1 ml/g. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectrometry analyses demonstrated that Preservative complexes, such as OK–CC and OK–CC–B, existed in the wood blocks treated with OK/CC and OK/CC/B formulations. This study results support the potential application of OK-WPs as environmentally friendly wood Preservatives capable of replacing CuAz and ACQ.
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effects of acid concentration and the addition of copper boron salts on the efficacy of okara based wood Preservatives
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling, 2009Co-Authors: Hanseob Jeong, Sye Hee Ahn, Ingyu Choi, Hoyong Kim, Gyuseong Han, In YangAbstract:This research was carried out to formulate environmentally friendly wood Preservatives with okara and to investigate the effects of the acid concentration used for the hydrolysis of okara and salt type on the decay resistance of the Preservatives. Okara-based Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzates, which were prepared with 0, 1%, and 2% sulfuric acid at for 1 hr, and salts such as copper chloride and/or sodium borate. The Preservatives were treated into wood blocks by vacuum-pressure method, and then the treated wood blocks were leached in hot water for 72 hrs. The fungal treatments of the leached wood blocks were conducted by brown-rot fungus, Tyromyces palustris, and white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, to examine the decay resistance of the Preservatives. As the acid concentration used for hydrolysis of okara increased, the treat-ability and decay resistance of the Preservatives were improved, which the leachability was decreased. Wood blocks treated with the okara/copper or okara/copper/borax, showed very good decay resistance against T. palustris and T. versicolor. However, wood blocks treated with the okara/borax and okara-free Preservative solutions, were observed the fungal decay by T. palustris. The optimal conditions for the preparation of okara-based wood Preservatives were formulated with okara hydrolyzed with 1% sulfuric acid, copper chloride and borax.
