The Experts below are selected from a list of 111 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Urtzi Goiti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pest consumption in a vineyard system by the lesser horseshoe bat rhinolophus hipposideros
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Unai Baroja, Inazio Garin, Joxerra Aihartza, Aitor Arrizabalagaescudero, Nerea Vallejo, Miren Aldasoro, Urtzi GoitiAbstract:Herbivorous arthropods cause immense damage in crop production annually. Consumption of these pests by insectivorous animals is of significant importance to counteract their adverse effects. Insectivorous bats are considered amongst the most voracious predators of arthropods, some of which are known crop pests. In vineyard-dominated Mediterranean agroecosystems, several crops are damaged by the attack of insect pests. In this study we aimed 1) to explore the diet and pest consumption of the lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros and 2) analyse whether the composition of pest species in its diet changes throughout the season. We employed a dual-Primer DNA metabarcoding analysis of DNA extracted from faeces collected in three bat colonies of a wine region in Southwestern Europe during the whole active period of most pest species. Overall, 395 arthropod prey species belonging to 11 orders were detected; lepidopterans and dipterans were the most diverse orders in terms of species. Altogether, 55 pest species were identified, 25 of which are known to cause significant agricultural damage and 8 are regarded as pests affecting grapevines. The composition of pest species in faeces changed significantly with the season, thus suggesting several periods should be sampled to assess the pest consumption by bats. As a whole, the results imply that R. hipposideros acts as a suppressor of a wide array of agricultural pests in Mediterranean agroecosystems. Therefore, management measures favouring the growth of R. hipposideros populations should be considered.
Francisco J Ayala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genetic characterization of six parasitic protozoa parity between random Primer DNA typing and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993Co-Authors: Michel Tibayrenc, Katja Neubauer, Francoise Guerrini, Christian Barnabé, Douglas Skarecky, Francisco J AyalaAbstract:We have assayed genetic polymorphisms in several species of parasitic protozoa by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). One goal was to ascertain the suitability of RAPD markers for investigating genetic and evolutionary problems, particularly in organisms, such as the parasitic protozoa, unsuitable for traditional methods of genetic analysis. Another goal was to test certain hypotheses concerning Trypanosoma cruzi, and other protozoa, that have been established by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. The RAPD results corroborate the hypothesis that the population structure of T. cruzi is clonal and yield a phylogeny of the clonal lineages in agreement with the one obtained by enzyme electrophoresis. This parity between the two sets of results confirms that RAPD markers are reliable genetic markers. The RAPD markers are also suitable for reconstructing species phylogenies and as diagnostic characters of species and subspecific lineages. The number of DNA polymorphisms that can be detected by the RAPD method seems virtually unlimited, since the number of Primers can be increased effectively at will. The RAPD method is well suited for investigating genetic and evolutionary questions in certain organisms, because it is cost effective and demands no previous genetic knowledge about the organism.
Michel Tibayrenc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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classification of plant trypanosomatids phytomonas spp parity between random Primer DNA typing and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis
Parasitology, 1997Co-Authors: Emmanuelle Muller, Michel Tibayrenc, Daniel Gargani, Annelaure Banuls, Michel DolletAbstract:The genetic polymorphism of 30 isolates of plant trypanosomatids colloquially referred to as plant trypanosomes was assayed by means of RAPD. The principle objectives of this study were to assess the discriminative power of RAPD analysis for studying plant trypanosomes and to determine whether the results obtained were comparable with those from a previous isoenzyme (MLEE) study. The principle groups of plant trypanosomes identified previously by isoenzyme analysis - intraphloemic trypanosomes, intralaticiferous trypanosomes and trypanosomes isolated from fruits - were also clearly separated by the RAPD technique. Moreover, the results showed a fair parity between MLEE and RAPD data (coefficient of correlation = 0.84) and the two techniques have comparable discriminative ability. Most of the separation revealed by the two techniques between the clusters was associated with major biological properties. However, the RAPD technique gave a more coherent separation than MLEE because the intraphloemic isolates, which were biologically similar in terms of their specific localization in the sieve tubes of the plant, were found to be in closer groups by the RAPD. For both techniques, the existence of the main clusters was correlated with the existence of synapomorphic characters, which could be used as powerful tools in taxonomy and epidemiology. (Resume d'auteur)
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genetic characterization of six parasitic protozoa parity between random Primer DNA typing and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1993Co-Authors: Michel Tibayrenc, Katja Neubauer, Francoise Guerrini, Christian Barnabé, Douglas Skarecky, Francisco J AyalaAbstract:We have assayed genetic polymorphisms in several species of parasitic protozoa by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). One goal was to ascertain the suitability of RAPD markers for investigating genetic and evolutionary problems, particularly in organisms, such as the parasitic protozoa, unsuitable for traditional methods of genetic analysis. Another goal was to test certain hypotheses concerning Trypanosoma cruzi, and other protozoa, that have been established by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. The RAPD results corroborate the hypothesis that the population structure of T. cruzi is clonal and yield a phylogeny of the clonal lineages in agreement with the one obtained by enzyme electrophoresis. This parity between the two sets of results confirms that RAPD markers are reliable genetic markers. The RAPD markers are also suitable for reconstructing species phylogenies and as diagnostic characters of species and subspecific lineages. The number of DNA polymorphisms that can be detected by the RAPD method seems virtually unlimited, since the number of Primers can be increased effectively at will. The RAPD method is well suited for investigating genetic and evolutionary questions in certain organisms, because it is cost effective and demands no previous genetic knowledge about the organism.
Dianping Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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near infrared to ultraviolet light mediated photoelectrochemical aptasensing platform for cancer biomarker based on core shell nayf4 yb tm tio2 upconversion microrods
Analytical Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Zhenli Qiu, Jian Shu, Dianping TangAbstract:Titanium dioxide (TiO2; as a potential photosensitizer) has good photocurrent performance and chemical stability but often exhibits low utilization efficiency under ultraviolet (UV) region excitation. Herein, we devised a near-infrared light-to-UV light-mediated photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensing platform for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on core–shell NaYF4:Yb,Tm@TiO2 upconversion microrods by coupling with target-triggered rolling circle amplification (RCA). The upconversion microrods synthesized through the hydrothermal reaction could act as a photosensing platform to convert the near-infrared (near-IR) excitation into UV emission for generation of photoinduced electrons. The target analyte was determined on a functional magnetic bead by using the corresponding aptamers with a sandwich-type assay format. Upon target CEA introduction, a complex was first formed between capture aptamer-1-conjugated magnetic bead (Apt1-MB) and aptamer-2-Primer DNA (Apt2-pDNA). Thereaf...
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Bio-bar-code-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay for sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigen using rolling circle amplification and enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2018Co-Authors: Kangyao Zhang, Meijin Li, Zhenzhen Lin, Shuzhen Lv, Dianping TangAbstract:Methods based on photoelectrochemistry have been developed for immunoassay, but most involve in a low sensitivity and a relatively narrow detectable range. Herein a new bio-bar-code-based split-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassay was designed for sensitive detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), coupling rolling circle amplification (RCA) with enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation. The bio-bar-code-based immunoreaction was carried out on monoclonal anti-PSA antibody (mAb1)-coated microplate using Primer DNA and polyclonal anti-PSA antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticle (pDNA-AuNP-pAb2) with a sandwich-type assay format. Accompanying the immunocomplex, the labeled Primer DNA on gold nanoparticle readily triggered RCA reaction in the presence of padlock probe/dNTPs/ligase/polymerase. The RCA product with a long single-stranded DNA could cause the formation of numerous hemin/G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme concatamers. With the assistance of nicking endonuclease, DNAzyme concatamers were dissociated from gold nanoparticle, which catalyzed the precipitation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol in the presence of H2O2 onto CdS nanorods-coated electrode (as the photoanode for the generated holes). The formed insoluble precipitate inhibited the electron transfer from the solution to CdS nanorods-modified electrode by using ascorbic acid as the electron donor. Under the optimum conditions, the photocurrent of the modified electrode decreased with the increasing of PSA concentration. A detectable concentration for target PSA with this system could be achieved as low as 1.8 pg mL−1. In addition, our strategy also showed good reproducibility, high specificity and accuracy matched well with commercial PSA ELISA kits for real sample analysis. These remarkable properties revealed that the developed PEC immunoassay has great potential as a useful tool for the detection of PSA in practical application.
Unai Baroja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pest consumption in a vineyard system by the lesser horseshoe bat rhinolophus hipposideros
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Unai Baroja, Inazio Garin, Joxerra Aihartza, Aitor Arrizabalagaescudero, Nerea Vallejo, Miren Aldasoro, Urtzi GoitiAbstract:Herbivorous arthropods cause immense damage in crop production annually. Consumption of these pests by insectivorous animals is of significant importance to counteract their adverse effects. Insectivorous bats are considered amongst the most voracious predators of arthropods, some of which are known crop pests. In vineyard-dominated Mediterranean agroecosystems, several crops are damaged by the attack of insect pests. In this study we aimed 1) to explore the diet and pest consumption of the lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros and 2) analyse whether the composition of pest species in its diet changes throughout the season. We employed a dual-Primer DNA metabarcoding analysis of DNA extracted from faeces collected in three bat colonies of a wine region in Southwestern Europe during the whole active period of most pest species. Overall, 395 arthropod prey species belonging to 11 orders were detected; lepidopterans and dipterans were the most diverse orders in terms of species. Altogether, 55 pest species were identified, 25 of which are known to cause significant agricultural damage and 8 are regarded as pests affecting grapevines. The composition of pest species in faeces changed significantly with the season, thus suggesting several periods should be sampled to assess the pest consumption by bats. As a whole, the results imply that R. hipposideros acts as a suppressor of a wide array of agricultural pests in Mediterranean agroecosystems. Therefore, management measures favouring the growth of R. hipposideros populations should be considered.