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Alberto Ruanoravina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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indoor radon exposure and copd synergic association a multicentric hospital based case control study in a radon Prone Area
Archivos De Bronconeumologia, 2020Co-Authors: Alberto Ruanoravina, Maria Torresduran, Candela Camesellelago, Ana Pandosandoval, Raquel Dacalquintas, Luis Valdescuadrado, Jesus Hernandezhernandez, Angelica Consuegravanegas, Jose Andres TenesmayenAbstract:Abstract Background COPD is a multifactorial disease which causes considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies assessing the possible relationship between indoor radon exposure and COPD have shown inconclusive results. Methods A multicentric, hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in a Spanish radon-Prone Area. COPD cases were confirmed by spirometry and controls were selected due to trivial surgery or procedures not related to tobacco consumption. All participants had to have lived for at least 15 years in the same dwelling. Radon measurements were conducted individually in dwellings using alpha-track detectors. Results were obtained using multivariate logistic regression. Results 189 cases and 747 controls took part. There was no significant association between residential radon concentrations and COPD onset with a OR of 1.12 (95%CI 0.41-3.06) for individuals exposed to more than 200 Bq/m3 compared to those exposed to less than 50 Bq/m3. Heavy smokers seem to increase their COPD risk if exposed to higher radon concentrations vs those exposed to lower concentrations. There was a statistically significant synergy index between radon exposure and tobacco consumption, S-index 11.60 (95%CI 3.71 – 36.26). Indoor radon concentration was higher in never/light smokers with COPD compared to controls. Conclusions No association between indoor radon and COPD has been observed. However, there might be some effect modification on the COPD risk in heavy smokers when high radon exposure is present. This is supported by the additive synergy observed. Also, a possible association between indoor radon and COPD onset in never and light smokers needs to be further studied.
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residential radon in galicia a cross sectional study in a radon Prone Area
Journal of Radiological Protection, 2017Co-Authors: Maria Lorenzogonzalez, Alberto Ruanoravina, Joaquin Peon, Maria Pineiro, Juan Miguel BarrosdiosAbstract:Residential radon exposure is a major public health problem. It is the second greatest cause of lung cancer, after smoking, and the greatest in never-smokers. This study shows the indoor radon exposure distribution in Galicia and estimates the percentage of dwellings exceeding reference levels. It is based on 3245 residential radon measurements obtained from the Galician Radon Map project and from controls of two previous case-control studies on residential radon and lung cancer. Results show a high median residential radon concentration in Galicia (99 Bq m−3), with 49.3% of dwellings having a radon concentration above 100 Bq m−3 and 11.1% having a concentration above 300 Bq m−3. Ourense and Pontevedra, located in South Galicia, are the provinces with the highest median indoor radon concentrations (137 Bq m−3 and 123.5 Bq m−3, respectively). Results also show lower radon levels in progressively higher building storeys. These high residential radon concentrations confirm Galicia as a radon-Prone Area. A policy on radon should be developed and implemented in Galicia to minimize the residential radon exposure of the population.
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residential radon exposure and brain cancer an ecological study in a radon Prone Area galicia spain
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Alberto Ruanoravina, Monica Perezrios, Nuria Aragones, Karl T Kelsey, Maria Pineirolamas, Gonzalo LopezabenteAbstract:We aimed to know if radon concentration is associated with municipal mortality due to brain cancer in Galicia, Spain. We designed an ecological study taking as study unit Galician municipalities. To be included, municipalities had to have at least three radon measurements. We correlated radon concentrations with municipal mortality due to these malignant tumors during the period 1999–2008. We calculated the relative risk of dying of brain cancers for each municipality and correlated this value with municipal radon concentration using Spearman’s Rho. 251 municipalities were included, with close to 3,500 radon measurements and an average of 14 radon measurements at each municipality. We observed a significant correlation between residential radon with brain cancer mortality for males and females and the intensity of the correlation was higher for females. These results were reinforced when the analysis was restricted to municipalities with more than 5 radon measurements: Spearman’s Rho 0.286 (p-value < 0.001) and Spearman’s Rho 0.509 (p-value < 0.001) for males and females, respectively. These results suggest an association between residential radon and brain cancer mortality. More research using more robust epidemiological designs is needed to confirm these findings.
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lung cancer in never smokers a survival analysis in a radon Prone Area
European Respiratory Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Torresduran, Alberto Ruanoravina, Isaura Parentelamelas, Virginia Leirofernandez, Jose Abalarca, Carmen Monteromartinez, Carolina Penaalvarez, Olalla Castroanon, Antonio Golpegomez, Cristina MartinezAbstract:Introduction: Lung cancer is the first cause of cancer death in the world.In Spain up to 20% of lung cancer cases are diagnosed in never smokers. Objective: The aim of our study is to analyze lung cancer survival in never smokers in Galicia(Spain),a radon Prone Area. Material and Methods: Multicentre Hospital-based Case-control study (Study LCRINS-Lung Cancer Risk in Never Smokers),with 8 hospitals taking part.Cases:all consecutive lung cancer cases diagnosed in never smokers.Controls:Never smokers undergoing non-oncologic surgery. Recruitment:Jan-2011 to Dec-2013.A radon detector(alpha track) was placed in the bedroom of each participant for at least 3months.In cases, time of follow up and survival was analyzed by review of clinical records. Results: 218 cases(80.7% women) were included.Most frequent type was adenocarcinoma(77.7%),5% SCLC.Stages at diagnosis:IV:53.5%,IIIB:5%,IIIA:11%,II:5%,I:11.6%.Median survival:13months(ICR:6.2-22.6).162 cases had a radon measurement at home:34,6% were exposed to>200Bq/m 3 .No differences in survival by gender or radon exposure.Survival by TNM Stage is shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows survival by histologic type. Conclussions: Lung cancer survival in never smokers is poor.The lowest survival was seen in squamous carcinoma.Residential radon concentration doesn´t seem to influence survival.
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lung cancer in never smokers a case control study in a radon Prone Area galicia spain
European Respiratory Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Maria Torresduran, Alberto Ruanoravina, Isaura Parentelamelas, Virginia Leirofernandez, Jose Abalarca, Carmen Monteromartinez, Carolina Penaalvarez, Franciscojavier Gonzalezbarcala, Olalla CastroanonAbstract:The aim of the study was to assess the effect of residential radon exposure on the risk of lung cancer in never-smokers and to ascertain if environmental tobacco smoke modifies the effect of residential radon. We designed a multicentre hospital-based case–control study in a radon-Prone Area (Galicia, Spain). All participants were never-smokers. Cases had an anatomopathologically confirmed primary lung cancer and controls were recruited from individuals undergoing minor, non-oncological surgery. Residential radon was measured using alpha track detectors. We included 521 individuals, 192 cases and 329 controls, 21% were males. We observed an odds ratio of 2.42 (95% CI 1.45–4.06) for individuals exposed to ≥200 Bq·m −3 compared with those exposed to −3 . Environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home increased lung cancer risk in individuals with radon exposure >200 Bq·m −3 . Individuals exposed to environmental tobacco smoke and to radon concentrations >200 Bq·m −3 had higher lung cancer risk than those exposed to lower radon concentrations and exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Residential radon increases lung cancer risk in never-smokers. An association between residential radon exposure and environmental tobacco smoke on the risk of lung cancer might exist.
Carlos Sainz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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testing radon mitigation techniques in a pilot house from băiţa ştei radon Prone Area romania
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2015Co-Authors: Constantin Cosma, Botond Papp, Alexandra Cucos, Carlos SainzAbstract:This work presents the implementation and testing of several radon mitigation techniques in a pilot house in the radon Prone Area of Băiţa-Ştei in NW part of Romania. Radon diagnostic investigations in the pilot house showed that the main source of radon was the building sub-soil and the soil near the house. The applied techniques were based on the depressurization and pressurization of the building sub-soil, on the combination of the soil depressurization system by an electric and an eolian fans. Also, there was made an application of a radon barrier membrane and a testing by the combination of the radon membrane by the soil depressurization system. Finally, the better obtained remedial efficiency was about 85%.
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Soil and building material as main sources of indoor radon in Bâiţa-ştei radon Prone Area (Romania)
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2013Co-Authors: Constantin Cosma, Alexandra Cucoş-dinu, Robert Begy, Botond Papp, Carlos SainzAbstract:Radon contributes to over than 50% of the natural radiation dose received by people. In radon risk Areas this contribution can be as high as 90-95%, leading to an exposure to natural radiation 5-10 times higher than normal. This work presents results from radon measurements (indoor, soil and exhalation from building materials) in Bâiţa-ştei, a former uranium exploitation Area in NW Romania. In this region, indoor radon concentrations found were as high as 5000 Bq m-3and soil radon levels ranged from 20 to 500 kBq m-3. An important contribution from building materials to indoor radon was also observed. Our results indicate two independent sources of indoor radon in the surveyed houses of this region. One source is coming from the soil and regular building materials, and the second source being uranium waste and local radium reached material used in building construction. The soil as source of indoor radon shows high radon potential in 80% of the investigated Area. Some local building materials reveal high radon exhalation rate (up to 80 mBq kg-1h-1from a sandy-gravel material, ten times higher than normal material). These measurements were used for the radon risk classification of this Area by combining the radon potential of the soil with the additional component from building materials. Our results indicate that Bâiţa-ştei Area can be categorized as a radon Prone Area. © 2012.
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thorough investigations on indoor radon in băiţa radon Prone Area romania
Science of The Total Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Alexandra Cucos, Constantin Cosma, Robert Begy, Botond Papp, Tiberius Dicu, Mircea Moldovan, Dan Niţă, Bety D Burghele, Carlos SainzAbstract:Abstract A comprehensive radon survey has been carried out in Băiţa radon-Prone Area, Transylvania, Romania, in 4 localities (Băiţa, Nucet, Finaţe, and Cimpani) situated in the vicinity of former Romanian uranium mines. Indoor radon concentrations have been measured in 1128 ground floor rooms and cellars of 303 family houses by using CR-39 diffusion type radon detectors. The annual average of indoor radon concentration for Băiţa Area was found to be 241 ± 178 Bq m − 3 , which is about two times higher than the average value of 126 Bq m − 3 , computed for Romania. About 28% of investigated houses exceed the reference level of radon gas in dwellings of 300 Bq m − 3 . The indoor radon measurements on each house have been carried out in several rooms simultaneously with the aim of obtaining a more detailed picture on the exposure to radon in the studied Area. An analysis on the variability of radon levels among floors (floor-to-floor variation) and rooms (room-to-room variation) and also the influence of factors like the presence of cellar or the age of the building is presented. The coefficient of variation (CV) within ground floor rooms of the same house (room-to-room variation) ranged between 0.9 and 120.8%, with an arithmetic mean of 46.2%, a large variability among rooms within surveyed dwellings being clearly identified. The mean radon concentration in bedrooms without cellar was higher than in bedrooms above the cellar, the difference being statistically significant (t test, one tail, p 0.05).
Juan Miguel Barrosdios - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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residential radon in galicia a cross sectional study in a radon Prone Area
Journal of Radiological Protection, 2017Co-Authors: Maria Lorenzogonzalez, Alberto Ruanoravina, Joaquin Peon, Maria Pineiro, Juan Miguel BarrosdiosAbstract:Residential radon exposure is a major public health problem. It is the second greatest cause of lung cancer, after smoking, and the greatest in never-smokers. This study shows the indoor radon exposure distribution in Galicia and estimates the percentage of dwellings exceeding reference levels. It is based on 3245 residential radon measurements obtained from the Galician Radon Map project and from controls of two previous case-control studies on residential radon and lung cancer. Results show a high median residential radon concentration in Galicia (99 Bq m−3), with 49.3% of dwellings having a radon concentration above 100 Bq m−3 and 11.1% having a concentration above 300 Bq m−3. Ourense and Pontevedra, located in South Galicia, are the provinces with the highest median indoor radon concentrations (137 Bq m−3 and 123.5 Bq m−3, respectively). Results also show lower radon levels in progressively higher building storeys. These high residential radon concentrations confirm Galicia as a radon-Prone Area. A policy on radon should be developed and implemented in Galicia to minimize the residential radon exposure of the population.
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genetic susceptibility residential radon and lung cancer in a radon Prone Area
Journal of Thoracic Oncology, 2014Co-Authors: Alberto Ruanoravina, Juan Miguel Barrosdios, Jose Abalarca, Marco F Pereyra, Marta Tojo Castro, Monica PerezriosAbstract:Introduction Radon exposure has been classified as the second cause of lung cancer, after tobacco, and the first in never smokers. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes deletion increase the risk of lung cancer. We aim to know whether the risk of lung cancer because of residential radon is modulated by these genetic polymorphisms. Methods Hospital-based, case-control study where cases had confirmed lung cancer. Cases and controls did not have previous neoplasm and were older than 30. Controls attended hospital for noncomplex surgery. We analyzed the results for the whole sample and separately for never/light smokers and moderate/heavy smokers. Results Seven-hundred and ninety-two participants were analyzed. GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion conferred an odds ratio (OR) of 1.38 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93–2.04) and 1.13 (95% CI 0.70–1.82), respectively. Individuals with GSTM1 present and residential radon concentrations higher than 148 Bq/m 3 had an OR of 1.48 (95% CI 0.73–3.00), whereas those with GSTM1 deleted had an OR of 2.64 (95% CI 1.18–5.91) when compared with participants with GSTM1 present and radon concentrations below 50 Bq/m3. Similar results were observed for GSTT1 deletion. These results were basically the same for the moderate/heavy smokers' subgroup. Conclusions The absence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes increases the risk of lung cancer because of radon exposure. These genes might modulate the carcinogenic pathway of alpha radiation. Further studies are warranted analyzing this association in never smokers.
Constantin Cosma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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testing radon mitigation techniques in a pilot house from băiţa ştei radon Prone Area romania
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2015Co-Authors: Constantin Cosma, Botond Papp, Alexandra Cucos, Carlos SainzAbstract:This work presents the implementation and testing of several radon mitigation techniques in a pilot house in the radon Prone Area of Băiţa-Ştei in NW part of Romania. Radon diagnostic investigations in the pilot house showed that the main source of radon was the building sub-soil and the soil near the house. The applied techniques were based on the depressurization and pressurization of the building sub-soil, on the combination of the soil depressurization system by an electric and an eolian fans. Also, there was made an application of a radon barrier membrane and a testing by the combination of the radon membrane by the soil depressurization system. Finally, the better obtained remedial efficiency was about 85%.
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Soil and building material as main sources of indoor radon in Bâiţa-ştei radon Prone Area (Romania)
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2013Co-Authors: Constantin Cosma, Alexandra Cucoş-dinu, Robert Begy, Botond Papp, Carlos SainzAbstract:Radon contributes to over than 50% of the natural radiation dose received by people. In radon risk Areas this contribution can be as high as 90-95%, leading to an exposure to natural radiation 5-10 times higher than normal. This work presents results from radon measurements (indoor, soil and exhalation from building materials) in Bâiţa-ştei, a former uranium exploitation Area in NW Romania. In this region, indoor radon concentrations found were as high as 5000 Bq m-3and soil radon levels ranged from 20 to 500 kBq m-3. An important contribution from building materials to indoor radon was also observed. Our results indicate two independent sources of indoor radon in the surveyed houses of this region. One source is coming from the soil and regular building materials, and the second source being uranium waste and local radium reached material used in building construction. The soil as source of indoor radon shows high radon potential in 80% of the investigated Area. Some local building materials reveal high radon exhalation rate (up to 80 mBq kg-1h-1from a sandy-gravel material, ten times higher than normal material). These measurements were used for the radon risk classification of this Area by combining the radon potential of the soil with the additional component from building materials. Our results indicate that Bâiţa-ştei Area can be categorized as a radon Prone Area. © 2012.
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thorough investigations on indoor radon in băiţa radon Prone Area romania
Science of The Total Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Alexandra Cucos, Constantin Cosma, Robert Begy, Botond Papp, Tiberius Dicu, Mircea Moldovan, Dan Niţă, Bety D Burghele, Carlos SainzAbstract:Abstract A comprehensive radon survey has been carried out in Băiţa radon-Prone Area, Transylvania, Romania, in 4 localities (Băiţa, Nucet, Finaţe, and Cimpani) situated in the vicinity of former Romanian uranium mines. Indoor radon concentrations have been measured in 1128 ground floor rooms and cellars of 303 family houses by using CR-39 diffusion type radon detectors. The annual average of indoor radon concentration for Băiţa Area was found to be 241 ± 178 Bq m − 3 , which is about two times higher than the average value of 126 Bq m − 3 , computed for Romania. About 28% of investigated houses exceed the reference level of radon gas in dwellings of 300 Bq m − 3 . The indoor radon measurements on each house have been carried out in several rooms simultaneously with the aim of obtaining a more detailed picture on the exposure to radon in the studied Area. An analysis on the variability of radon levels among floors (floor-to-floor variation) and rooms (room-to-room variation) and also the influence of factors like the presence of cellar or the age of the building is presented. The coefficient of variation (CV) within ground floor rooms of the same house (room-to-room variation) ranged between 0.9 and 120.8%, with an arithmetic mean of 46.2%, a large variability among rooms within surveyed dwellings being clearly identified. The mean radon concentration in bedrooms without cellar was higher than in bedrooms above the cellar, the difference being statistically significant (t test, one tail, p 0.05).
Jacob F Bentzon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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type 1 diabetes increases retention of low density lipoprotein in the atherosclerosis Prone Area of the murine aorta
Atherosclerosis, 2017Co-Authors: Mette K Hagensen, Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Mads Kjolby, Ninna L Stillits, Lasse Bach Steffensen, Jacob F BentzonAbstract:Abstract Background and aims Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms by which type 1 diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis remain unknown. Increased retention of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in atherosclerosis-Prone sites of the diabetic vascular wall has been suggested, but direct evidence is lacking. In the present study, we investigated whether retention of LDL is increased in atherosclerotic-Prone Areas using a murine model of type 1 diabetes. Methods Fluorescently-labeled human LDL from healthy non-diabetic individuals was injected into diabetic Ins2Akita mice and non-diabetic, wild-type littermates. The amount of retained LDL after 24 h was quantified by fluorescence microscopy of cryosections and by scans of en face preparations. Vascular gene expression in the inner curvature of the aortic arch was analyzed by microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results LDL retention was readily detected in atherosclerosis-Prone Areas of the aortic arch being located in both intimal and medial layers. Quantitative microscopy revealed 8.1-fold more retained LDL in type 1 diabetic mice compared to wild-type mice. These findings were confirmed in independent experiments using near-infrared scanning of en face preparations of the aorta. Diabetic status did not affect arterial expression of genes known to be involved in LDL retention. Conclusions Type 1 diabetes increases the ability of the vascular wall to retain LDL in mice. These changes could contribute to the increased atherosclerotic burden seen in type 1 diabetic patients.
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abstract 591 increased retention of ldl from type 1 diabetic patients in an atherosclerosis Prone Area of the murine arterial wall
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2015Co-Authors: Mette K Hagensen, Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Mads Kjolby, Jacob F Bentzon, Soeren GregersenAbstract:Background: Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease but the exact mechanisms by which T1DM accelerates atherosclerosis remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated whether modifications of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in T1DM patients causes an increased retention of LDL in the vessel wall. Methods and Results: Fluorescently-labeled human LDL from either T1DM patients (n=10) or healthy non-diabetic subjects (control) (n=7) was injected into mice with T1DM. After 24 hours, when LDL was completely cleared from the circulation, cryosections of the inner curvature of the aortic arch (i.e. atherosclerosis Prone Area) was analyzed for retained LDL by fluorescence microscopy (Red in figure A). We found significantly more retained T1DM LDL (n=10) compared to LDL from non-diabetic subjects (n=7) with a fold change of 4.35 (p < 0.05). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis of LDL revealed no differences in the level of the atherogenic small dense LDL between T1DM LDL (274.4±47.8 nmol/L) and non-diabetic LDL (263.8±55.3 nmol/L). Using LiCor Odyssey infrared imaging scanning of the whole aorta en face, we found that in vitro glycation of LDL from a non-diabetic subject significantly increased retention (n=8) compared to LDL prepared similarly but without glucose (n=8), with a fold change of 8.87 (p < 0.001) (Figure B). Conclusion: LDL from patients with T1DM as well as ex vivo glycated LDL showed increased retention at atherosclerosis-Prone sites in the arterial wall of mice. This may contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in T1DM. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
