The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cody L Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cadmium exposure and Tobacco Consumption: Biomarkers and risk assessment.
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 2012Co-Authors: Kristin M Marano, Ziad S Naufal, Steven J Kathman, Joy A Bodnar, Michael F Borgerding, Charles D Garner, Cody L WilsonAbstract:To investigate whether cadmium has an independent role in diseases associated with Tobacco Consumption, epidemiology data were reviewed, biomonitoring data were analyzed, and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) was performed. Results from previous epidemiology studies have indicated that there are adverse health effects potentially in common between cadmium exposure and Tobacco Consumption. Analysis of publically available biomonitoring data showed that blood (B-Cd) and urine (U-Cd) cadmium were higher in cigarette smokers compared with smokeless Tobacco (SLT) consumers, and B-Cd and U-Cd in SLT consumers were not significantly different than in non-consumers of Tobacco. Comparison with previously established biomonitoring equivalent (BE) values indicated that B-Cd and U-Cd in the majority of these cigarette smokers and SLT consumers did not exceed the blood and urine BEs. Results of the PRA showed that the mean hazard estimate was below a generally accepted regulatory threshold for SLT consumers, but not for cigarette smokers. In total, this evaluation indicated that cadmium exposures in Tobacco consumers differed by product category consumed; cadmium in Tobacco may not be associated with Tobacco Consumption related diseases; if cadmium in Tobacco contributes to Tobacco Consumption related diseases, differences in hazard and/or risk may exist by product category.
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Cadmium exposure and Tobacco Consumption: Biomarkers and risk assessment.
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 2012Co-Authors: Kristin M Marano, Ziad S Naufal, Steven J Kathman, Joy A Bodnar, Michael F Borgerding, Charles D Garner, Cody L WilsonAbstract:Arsenic is measurable in Tobacco and cigarette mainstream smoke (MSS). Whether arsenic has an independent role in diseases associated with Tobacco Consumption is not known. Epidemiology and biomonitoring data and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methods were used to investigate this potential association. Analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) showed that urine arsenic concentrations in Tobacco consumers were not different or were lower than levels in non-consumers of Tobacco. Additionally, urine arsenic levels from NHANES Tobacco consumers were five-times or more lower than levels reported in epidemiology studies to be associated with adverse health effects. Results of PRA indicated that mean non-cancer hazard estimates and mean incremental lifetime cancer risk estimates were within accepted ranges. Taken together, these results suggest that arsenic may not be independently associated with Tobacco Consumption or diseases related to Tobacco Consumption.
David Maclaren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using retail sales data: some challenges and opportunities.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: David Maclaren, Michelle Redman-maclaren, Alan R. CloughAbstract:Objective: To describe and discuss challenges and opportunities encountered when estimating Tobacco Consumption in six remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets. Approach: We consider Tobacco sales data collected from retail outlets selling Tobacco to six Aboriginal communities in two similar but separate studies. Despite challenges – including: not all outlets provided data; data not uniform across outlets (sales and invoice data); change in format of data; personnel change or management restructures; and anomalies in data and changes in community populations – Tobacco Consumption was estimated and returned through project newsletters and community feedback sessions. Amounts of Tobacco sold were returned using graphs in newsletters and pictures of items common to the community in community feedback sessions. Conclusions: Despite inherent limitations of estimating Tobacco Consumption using Tobacco sales data, returning the amount of Tobacco sold to communities provided an opportunity to discuss Tobacco Consumption and provide a focal point for individual and community action. Using this method, however, may require large and sustained changes be observed over time to evaluate whether initiatives to reduce Tobacco Consumption have been effective. Implications: Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets requires careful consideration of many logistical, social, cultural and geographic challenges.
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Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using retail sales data: some challenges and opportunities.
Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 2010Co-Authors: David Maclaren, Michelle Redman-maclaren, Alan CloughAbstract:To describe and discuss challenges and opportunities encountered when estimating Tobacco Consumption in six remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets. We consider Tobacco sales data collected from retail outlets selling Tobacco to six Aboriginal communities in two similar but separate studies. Despite challenges--including: not all outlets provided data; data not uniform across outlets (sales and invoice data); change in format of data; personnel change or management restructures; and anomalies in data and changes in community populations--Tobacco Consumption was estimated and returned through project newsletters and community feedback sessions. Amounts of Tobacco sold were returned using graphs in newsletters and pictures of items common to the community in community feedback sessions. Despite inherent limitations of estimating Tobacco Consumption using Tobacco sales data, returning the amount of Tobacco sold to communities provided an opportunity to discuss Tobacco Consumption and provide a focal point for individual and community action. Using this method, however, may require large and sustained changes be observed over time to evaluate whether initiatives to reduce Tobacco Consumption have been effective. Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets requires careful consideration of many logistical, social, cultural and geographic challenges.
Alan Clough - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using retail sales data: some challenges and opportunities.
Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 2010Co-Authors: David Maclaren, Michelle Redman-maclaren, Alan CloughAbstract:To describe and discuss challenges and opportunities encountered when estimating Tobacco Consumption in six remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets. We consider Tobacco sales data collected from retail outlets selling Tobacco to six Aboriginal communities in two similar but separate studies. Despite challenges--including: not all outlets provided data; data not uniform across outlets (sales and invoice data); change in format of data; personnel change or management restructures; and anomalies in data and changes in community populations--Tobacco Consumption was estimated and returned through project newsletters and community feedback sessions. Amounts of Tobacco sold were returned using graphs in newsletters and pictures of items common to the community in community feedback sessions. Despite inherent limitations of estimating Tobacco Consumption using Tobacco sales data, returning the amount of Tobacco sold to communities provided an opportunity to discuss Tobacco Consumption and provide a focal point for individual and community action. Using this method, however, may require large and sustained changes be observed over time to evaluate whether initiatives to reduce Tobacco Consumption have been effective. Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets requires careful consideration of many logistical, social, cultural and geographic challenges.
Alan R. Clough - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using retail sales data: some challenges and opportunities.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 2010Co-Authors: David Maclaren, Michelle Redman-maclaren, Alan R. CloughAbstract:Objective: To describe and discuss challenges and opportunities encountered when estimating Tobacco Consumption in six remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets. Approach: We consider Tobacco sales data collected from retail outlets selling Tobacco to six Aboriginal communities in two similar but separate studies. Despite challenges – including: not all outlets provided data; data not uniform across outlets (sales and invoice data); change in format of data; personnel change or management restructures; and anomalies in data and changes in community populations – Tobacco Consumption was estimated and returned through project newsletters and community feedback sessions. Amounts of Tobacco sold were returned using graphs in newsletters and pictures of items common to the community in community feedback sessions. Conclusions: Despite inherent limitations of estimating Tobacco Consumption using Tobacco sales data, returning the amount of Tobacco sold to communities provided an opportunity to discuss Tobacco Consumption and provide a focal point for individual and community action. Using this method, however, may require large and sustained changes be observed over time to evaluate whether initiatives to reduce Tobacco Consumption have been effective. Implications: Estimating Tobacco Consumption in remote Aboriginal communities using Tobacco sales data from retail outlets requires careful consideration of many logistical, social, cultural and geographic challenges.
Abul Hasnat Milton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence and correlates of smokeless Tobacco Consumption among married women in rural Bangladesh
PloS one, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain, Kypros Kypri, Bayzidur Rahman, Iqbal Arslan, Shahnaz Akter, Abul Hasnat MiltonAbstract:Objective To estimate the prevalence and identify correlates of smokeless Tobacco Consumption among married rural women with a history of at least one pregnancy in Madaripur, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey using an interviewer administered, pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. All women living in the study area, aged 18 years and above with at least one pregnancy in their lifetime, who were on the electoral roll and agreed to participate were included in the study. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and smokeless Tobacco Consumption was collected. Smokeless Tobacco Consumption was categorized as ‘Current’, ‘Ever but not current’ and ‘Never’. Associations between smokeless Tobacco Consumption and the explanatory variables were estimated using simple and multiple binary logistic regression. Results 8074 women participated (response rate 99.9%). The prevalence of ‘Current Consumption’, ‘Ever Consumption but not current’, and ‘Never Consumption’ was 25%, 44% and 31%, respectively. The mean age at first use was 31.5 years. 87% of current consumers reported using either Shadapata or Hakimpuree Jarda. Current Consumption was associated with age, level of education, religion, occupation, being an income earner, marital status, and age at first use of smokeless Tobacco. After adjustment for demographic variables, current Consumption was associated with being over 25 years of age, a lower level of education, being an income earner, being Muslim, and being divorced, separated or widowed. Conclusion The prevalence of smokeless Tobacco Consumption is high among rural women in Bangladesh and the age of onset is considerably older than that for smoking. Smokeless Tobacco Consumption is likely to be producing a considerable burden of non-communicable disease in Bangladesh. Smokeless Tobacco control strategies should be implemented.
