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Ruqian Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of tonic immobility ti and corticosterone cort on energy status and Protein Metabolism in pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Yujing Duan, Song Wang, Ruqian ZhaoAbstract:Tonic immobility (TI), which can be divided into short (STI) or long (LTI) duration, is a character related to fear. Our previous study has demonstrated LTI phenotype and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration retarded growth of breast muscle in broiler chickens. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the negative effects of LTI and CORT on growth, the level of mRNA transcription of several key genes linked to energy and Protein Metabolism was measured in muscle. LTI broilers showed lower levels of ATP, energy charge (EC) (p 0.05). However, western blot results showed that LTI chickens exhibited higher Protein content of total Akt (p = 0.05) and phosphorylated Akt (p = 0.06) than STI. CORT treatment decreased the total Protein content of Akt (p = 0.09) and p70s6k (p = 0.08). These results suggest that the retardation of muscle growth by LTI and chronic CORT administration parallels a strong alternation in energy status but slight changes of Akt/mTOR/p70s6k cascade, indicating that a decrease in muscle growth induced by LTI and CORT might not be mediated through mTOR-dependent signaling pathways.
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effects of tonic immobility ti and corticosterone cort on energy status and Protein Metabolism in pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Yujing Duan, Song Wang, Ruqian ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Tonic immobility (TI), which can be divided into short (STI) or long (LTI) duration, is a character related to fear. Our previous study has demonstrated LTI phenotype and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration retarded growth of breast muscle in broiler chickens. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the negative effects of LTI and CORT on growth, the level of mRNA transcription of several key genes linked to energy and Protein Metabolism was measured in muscle. LTI broilers showed lower levels of ATP, energy charge (EC) ( p p p = 0.08) than STI birds. CORT treatment elevated EC level ( p p p = 0.06) and AMPK α ( p = 0.09) than LTI. CORT significantly down-regulated α-enolase mRNA expression in breast muscle compared to control ( p p > 0.05). However, western blot results showed that LTI chickens exhibited higher Protein content of total Akt ( p = 0.05) and phosphorylated Akt ( p = 0.06) than STI. CORT treatment decreased the total Protein content of Akt ( p = 0.09) and p70s6k ( p = 0.08). These results suggest that the retardation of muscle growth by LTI and chronic CORT administration parallels a strong alternation in energy status but slight changes of Akt/mTOR/p70s6k cascade, indicating that a decrease in muscle growth induced by LTI and CORT might not be mediated through mTOR-dependent signaling pathways.
Robert R. Wolfe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insulin resistance of muscle Protein Metabolism in aging
The FASEB Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Blake B. Rasmussen, Satoshi Fujita, Bettina Mittendorfer, Robert R. Wolfe, Vincent L Rowe, Elena VolpiAbstract:A reduced response of older skeletal muscle to anabolic stimuli may contribute to the development of sarcopenia. We hypothesized that muscle Proteins are resistant to the anabolic action of insulin in the elderly. We examined the effects of hyperinsulinemia on muscle Protein Metabolism in young (25±2 year) and older (68±1 year) healthy subjects using stable isotope tracer techniques. Leg blood flow was higher in the young at baseline and increased during hyperinsulinemia, whereas it did not change in the elderly. Glucose concentrations and muscle uptake were not different between groups at baseline and during hyperinsulinemia. Leg phenylalanine net balance was not different at baseline and significantly increased in both groups with hyperinsulinemia (P<0.05) but to a greater extent in the young (P<0.05). Muscle Protein synthesis increased only in the young during hyperinsulinemia. Muscle Protein breakdown did not significantly change in either group, although it tended to decrease in the elderly. Changes in muscle Protein synthesis were correlated with changes in leg amino acid delivery (R=0.89; P=0.0001) and blood flow (R=0.90; P<0.0001). In conclusion, skeletal muscle Protein synthesis is resistant to the anabolic action of insulin in older subjects, which may be an important contributor to the development of sarcopenia.
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leg glucose and Protein Metabolism during an acute bout of resistance exercise in humans
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2004Co-Authors: William J Durham, Blake B. Rasmussen, Catherine W Yeckel, David L Chinkes, Sharon L Miller, Kevin D Tipton, Robert R. WolfeAbstract:The present study investigated the responses of leg glucose and Protein Metabolism during an acute bout of resistance exercise. Seven subjects (5 men, 2 women) were studied at rest and during a str...
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postexercise Protein Metabolism in older and younger men following moderate intensity aerobic exercise
American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 2004Co-Authors: Melinda Sheffieldmoore, Elena Volpi, Catherine W Yeckel, Steven E Wolf, Beatrice Morio, David L Chinkes, Douglas Paddonjones, Robert R. WolfeAbstract:Regular aerobic exercise strongly influences muscle Metabolism in elderly and young; however, the acute effects of aerobic exercise on Protein Metabolism are not fully understood. We investigated t...
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testosterone and muscle Protein Metabolism
Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2000Co-Authors: Robert R. Wolfe, Melinda Sheffieldmoore, Arny A Ferrando, Randall J UrbanAbstract:This presentation discusses recent investigations into testosterone's effects on muscle Protein Metabolism. Protein synthesis is the principal end point, but Protein breakdown and the availability of an amino acid pool are important to the process of net muscle Protein synthesis. The effects of other hormones—including growth hormone, oxoandrolone (a synthetically derived testosterone), and androstenedione—on muscle Protein synthesis also are discussed. Effects in both normal and elderly men are considered.
Kang Yao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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supplementation with α ketoglutarate to a low Protein diet enhances amino acid synthesis in tissues and improves Protein Metabolism in the skeletal muscle of growing pigs
Amino Acids, 2018Co-Authors: Jiashun Chen, Baoju Kang, Qian Jiang, Yurong Zhao, Kang YaoAbstract:α-Ketoglutarate (AKG) is a crucial intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and can be used for the production of ATP and amino acids in animal tissues. However, the effect of AKG on the expression patterns of genes involved in muscle Protein Metabolism is largely unknown, and the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we used young pigs to investigate the effects of a low crude Protein (CP) diet and a low CP diet supplemented with AKG on Protein accretion in their skeletal muscle. A total of 27 growing pigs with an initial body weight of 11.96 ± 0.18 kg were assigned randomly to one of the three diets: control (normal recommended 20% CP, NP), low CP (17% CP, LP), or low CP supplemented with 1% AKG (ALP). The pigs were fed their respective diets for 35 days. Free amino acid (AA) profile and hormone levels in the serum, and the expression of genes implicated in Protein Metabolism in skeletal muscle were examined. Results showed that compared with the control group or LP group, low-Protein diets supplemented with AKG enhanced serum and intramuscular free AA concentrations, the mRNA abundances of AA transporters, and serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and decreased serum urea concentration and the mRNA levels for genes related to muscle Protein degradation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicated that addition of AKG to a low-Protein diet promotes amino acid synthesis in tissues and improves Protein Metabolism in skeletal muscle.
Yujing Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of tonic immobility ti and corticosterone cort on energy status and Protein Metabolism in pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Yujing Duan, Song Wang, Ruqian ZhaoAbstract:Tonic immobility (TI), which can be divided into short (STI) or long (LTI) duration, is a character related to fear. Our previous study has demonstrated LTI phenotype and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration retarded growth of breast muscle in broiler chickens. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the negative effects of LTI and CORT on growth, the level of mRNA transcription of several key genes linked to energy and Protein Metabolism was measured in muscle. LTI broilers showed lower levels of ATP, energy charge (EC) (p 0.05). However, western blot results showed that LTI chickens exhibited higher Protein content of total Akt (p = 0.05) and phosphorylated Akt (p = 0.06) than STI. CORT treatment decreased the total Protein content of Akt (p = 0.09) and p70s6k (p = 0.08). These results suggest that the retardation of muscle growth by LTI and chronic CORT administration parallels a strong alternation in energy status but slight changes of Akt/mTOR/p70s6k cascade, indicating that a decrease in muscle growth induced by LTI and CORT might not be mediated through mTOR-dependent signaling pathways.
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effects of tonic immobility ti and corticosterone cort on energy status and Protein Metabolism in pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2014Co-Authors: Yujing Duan, Song Wang, Ruqian ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Tonic immobility (TI), which can be divided into short (STI) or long (LTI) duration, is a character related to fear. Our previous study has demonstrated LTI phenotype and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration retarded growth of breast muscle in broiler chickens. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the negative effects of LTI and CORT on growth, the level of mRNA transcription of several key genes linked to energy and Protein Metabolism was measured in muscle. LTI broilers showed lower levels of ATP, energy charge (EC) ( p p p = 0.08) than STI birds. CORT treatment elevated EC level ( p p p = 0.06) and AMPK α ( p = 0.09) than LTI. CORT significantly down-regulated α-enolase mRNA expression in breast muscle compared to control ( p p > 0.05). However, western blot results showed that LTI chickens exhibited higher Protein content of total Akt ( p = 0.05) and phosphorylated Akt ( p = 0.06) than STI. CORT treatment decreased the total Protein content of Akt ( p = 0.09) and p70s6k ( p = 0.08). These results suggest that the retardation of muscle growth by LTI and chronic CORT administration parallels a strong alternation in energy status but slight changes of Akt/mTOR/p70s6k cascade, indicating that a decrease in muscle growth induced by LTI and CORT might not be mediated through mTOR-dependent signaling pathways.
Huihui Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of dietary corn gluten meal on growth digestion and Protein Metabolism in relation to igf i gene expression of japanese seabass lateolabrax japonicus
Aquaculture, 2014Co-Authors: Qinghui Ai, Wei Xu, Yanjiao Zhang, Huihui ZhouAbstract:Abstract A 60-day feeding trial in seawater floating cages (1.5 × 1.5 × 2.0 m) was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn gluten meal (CGM) levels on feed intake, growth performance, survival, digestion and Protein Metabolism in relation to IGF-I gene expression of Japanese seabass (initial body weight 18.09 ± 0.10 g). Six isonitrogenous (crude Protein 43%) and isoenergetic (18 kJ g− 1) practical diets were formulated by replacing 0 (the control), 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% of fish meal Protein with CGM Protein. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of fish, and each cage was stocked with 30 fish. Fish were fed twice daily (05:30 and 16:30) to apparent satiation. The survival rate ranged from 96 to 100%, and no significant difference was observed among dietary treatments (P > 0.05). With increasing dietary CGM levels, feed intake (FI) and specific growth rate (SGR) decreased, however, feed efficiency (FE) showed a contrary changing trend. Fish fed the diet with 75% of Protein from CGM had significantly lower SGR than the control group (P 0.05). When the substitution level was equal to or above 15%, the activities of Protein Metabolism enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST) were significantly lower compared with the control group (P
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effects of dietary corn gluten meal on growth digestion and Protein Metabolism in relation to igf i gene expression of japanese seabass lateolabrax japonicus
Aquaculture, 2014Co-Authors: Keke Men, Yanjiao Zhang, Kangsen Mai, Huihui ZhouAbstract:Abstract A 60-day feeding trial in seawater floating cages (1.5 × 1.5 × 2.0 m) was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn gluten meal (CGM) levels on feed intake, growth performance, survival, digestion and Protein Metabolism in relation to IGF-I gene expression of Japanese seabass (initial body weight 18.09 ± 0.10 g). Six isonitrogenous (crude Protein 43%) and isoenergetic (18 kJ g − 1 ) practical diets were formulated by replacing 0 (the control), 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% of fish meal Protein with CGM Protein. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate groups of fish, and each cage was stocked with 30 fish. Fish were fed twice daily (05:30 and 16:30) to apparent satiation. The survival rate ranged from 96 to 100%, and no significant difference was observed among dietary treatments ( P > 0.05). With increasing dietary CGM levels, feed intake (FI) and specific growth rate (SGR) decreased, however, feed efficiency (FE) showed a contrary changing trend. Fish fed the diet with 75% of Protein from CGM had significantly lower SGR than the control group ( P P P P > 0.05). When the substitution level was equal to or above 15%, the activities of Protein Metabolism enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST) were significantly lower compared with the control group ( P P
