Protoporphyrin IX

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Zhongfan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Andre M O Gomes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Co-Protoporphyrin IX and Sn-Protoporphyrin IX inactivate Zika, Chikungunya and other arboviruses by targeting the viral envelope.
    Scientific reports, 2018
    Co-Authors: Rômulo L. S. Neris, Camila Menezes Figueiredo, Luiza M. Higa, Daniel F. Araujo, Carlos A. M. Carvalho, Brunno Renato Farias Verçoza, Mariana Oliveira Lopes Da Silva, Fabiana A. Carneiro, Amilcar Tanuri, Andre M O Gomes
    Abstract:

    The global situation of diseases transmitted by arthropod-borne viruses such as Dengue (DENV), Yellow Fever (YFV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses is alarming and treatment of human infection by these arboviruses faces several challenges. The discovery of broad-spectrum antiviral molecules, able to inactivate different groups of viruses, is an interesting approach. The viral envelope is a common structure among arboviruses, being a potential target for antivirals. Porphyrins are amphipathic molecules able to interact with membranes and absorb light, being widely used in photodynamic therapy. Previously, we showed that heme, Co-Protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) and Sn-Protoporphyrin IX (SnPPIX) directly inactivate DENV and YFV infectious particles. Here we demonstrate that the antiviral activity of these porphyrins can be broadened to CHIKV, ZIKV, Mayaro virus, Sindbis virus and Vesicular Stomatitis virus. Porphyrin treatment causes viral envelope protein loss, affecting viral morphology, adsorption and entry into target cells. Also, light-stimulation enhanced the SnPPIX activity against all tested arboviruses. In summary, CoPPIX and SnPPIX were shown to be efficient broad-spectrum compounds to inactivate medically and veterinary important viruses.

  • mechanisms of vesicular stomatitis virus inactivation by Protoporphyrin IX zinc Protoporphyrin IX and mesoporphyrin IX
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Cruzoliveira, Andreza F Almeida, Joao M Freire, Marjolly Brigido Caruso, Maria A Morando, Vivian N S Ferreira, Iranaia Assuncaomiranda, Andre M O Gomes, Miguel A R B Castanho
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Virus resistance to antiviral therapies is an increasing concern that makes the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs urgent. Targeting of the viral envelope, a component shared by a large number of viruses, emerges as a promising strategy to overcome this problem. Natural and synthetic porphyrins are good candidates for antiviral development due to their relative hydrophobicity and pro-oxidant character. In the present work, we characterized the antiviral activities of protoprophyrin IX (PPIX), Zn-Protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), and mesoporphyrin IX (MPIX) against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and evaluated the mechanisms involved in this activity. Treatment of VSV with PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX promoted dose-dependent virus inactivation, which was potentiated by porphyrin photoactivation. All three porphyrins inserted into lipid vesicles and disturbed the viral membrane organization. In addition, the porphyrins also affected viral proteins, inducing VSV glycoprotein cross-linking, which was enhanced by porphyrin photoactivation. Virus incubation with sodium azide and α-tocopherol partially protected VSV from inactivation by porphyrins, suggesting that singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) was the main reactive oxygen species produced by photoactivation of these molecules. Furthermore, 1 O 2 was detected by 9,10-dimethylanthracene oxidation in photoactivated porphyrin samples, reinforcing this hypothesis. These results reveal the potential therapeutic application of PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX as good models for broad antiviral drug design.

Christine Cruzoliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanisms of vesicular stomatitis virus inactivation by Protoporphyrin IX zinc Protoporphyrin IX and mesoporphyrin IX
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Cruzoliveira, Andreza F Almeida, Joao M Freire, Marjolly Brigido Caruso, Maria A Morando, Vivian N S Ferreira, Iranaia Assuncaomiranda, Andre M O Gomes, Miguel A R B Castanho
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Virus resistance to antiviral therapies is an increasing concern that makes the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs urgent. Targeting of the viral envelope, a component shared by a large number of viruses, emerges as a promising strategy to overcome this problem. Natural and synthetic porphyrins are good candidates for antiviral development due to their relative hydrophobicity and pro-oxidant character. In the present work, we characterized the antiviral activities of protoprophyrin IX (PPIX), Zn-Protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), and mesoporphyrin IX (MPIX) against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and evaluated the mechanisms involved in this activity. Treatment of VSV with PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX promoted dose-dependent virus inactivation, which was potentiated by porphyrin photoactivation. All three porphyrins inserted into lipid vesicles and disturbed the viral membrane organization. In addition, the porphyrins also affected viral proteins, inducing VSV glycoprotein cross-linking, which was enhanced by porphyrin photoactivation. Virus incubation with sodium azide and α-tocopherol partially protected VSV from inactivation by porphyrins, suggesting that singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) was the main reactive oxygen species produced by photoactivation of these molecules. Furthermore, 1 O 2 was detected by 9,10-dimethylanthracene oxidation in photoactivated porphyrin samples, reinforcing this hypothesis. These results reveal the potential therapeutic application of PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX as good models for broad antiviral drug design.

  • inactivation of dengue and yellow fever viruses by heme cobalt Protoporphyrin IX and tin Protoporphyrin IX
    Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Iranaia Assuncaomiranda, Christine Cruzoliveira, Rômulo L. S. Neris, Camila Menezes Figueiredo, L P S Pereira, D Rodrigues, D F F Araujo, A T Da Poian, Marcelo T Bozza
    Abstract:

    Aims To investigate the effect of heme, cobalt-Protoporphyrin IX and tin-Protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX and SnPPIX), macrocyclic structures composed by a tetrapyrrole ring with a central metallic ion, on Dengue Virus (DENV) and Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) infection. Methods and results Treatment of HepG2 cells with heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX after DENV infection reduced infectious particles without affecting viral RNA contents in infected cells. The reduction of viral load occurs only with the direct contact of DENV with porphyrins, suggesting a direct effect on viral particles. Previously incubation of DENV and YFV with heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX resulted in viral particles inactivation in a dose-dependent manner. Biliverdin, a noncyclical porphyrin, was unable to inactivate the viruses tested. Infection of HepG2 cells with porphyrin-pretreated DENV2 results in a reduced or abolished viral protein synthesis, RNA replication and cell death. Treatment of HepG2 or THP-1 cell lineage with heme or CoPPIX after DENV infection with a very low MOI resulted in a decreased DENV replication and protection from death. Conclusions Heme, CoPPIX and SnPPIX possess a marked ability to inactivate DENV and YFV, impairing its ability to infect and induce cytopathic effects on target cells. Significance and impact of the study These results open the possibility of therapeutic application of porphyrins or their use as models to design new antiviral drugs against DENV and YFV.

Miguel A R B Castanho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanisms of vesicular stomatitis virus inactivation by Protoporphyrin IX zinc Protoporphyrin IX and mesoporphyrin IX
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Cruzoliveira, Andreza F Almeida, Joao M Freire, Marjolly Brigido Caruso, Maria A Morando, Vivian N S Ferreira, Iranaia Assuncaomiranda, Andre M O Gomes, Miguel A R B Castanho
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Virus resistance to antiviral therapies is an increasing concern that makes the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs urgent. Targeting of the viral envelope, a component shared by a large number of viruses, emerges as a promising strategy to overcome this problem. Natural and synthetic porphyrins are good candidates for antiviral development due to their relative hydrophobicity and pro-oxidant character. In the present work, we characterized the antiviral activities of protoprophyrin IX (PPIX), Zn-Protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), and mesoporphyrin IX (MPIX) against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and evaluated the mechanisms involved in this activity. Treatment of VSV with PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX promoted dose-dependent virus inactivation, which was potentiated by porphyrin photoactivation. All three porphyrins inserted into lipid vesicles and disturbed the viral membrane organization. In addition, the porphyrins also affected viral proteins, inducing VSV glycoprotein cross-linking, which was enhanced by porphyrin photoactivation. Virus incubation with sodium azide and α-tocopherol partially protected VSV from inactivation by porphyrins, suggesting that singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) was the main reactive oxygen species produced by photoactivation of these molecules. Furthermore, 1 O 2 was detected by 9,10-dimethylanthracene oxidation in photoactivated porphyrin samples, reinforcing this hypothesis. These results reveal the potential therapeutic application of PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX as good models for broad antiviral drug design.

Maria A Morando - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanisms of vesicular stomatitis virus inactivation by Protoporphyrin IX zinc Protoporphyrin IX and mesoporphyrin IX
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Cruzoliveira, Andreza F Almeida, Joao M Freire, Marjolly Brigido Caruso, Maria A Morando, Vivian N S Ferreira, Iranaia Assuncaomiranda, Andre M O Gomes, Miguel A R B Castanho
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Virus resistance to antiviral therapies is an increasing concern that makes the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs urgent. Targeting of the viral envelope, a component shared by a large number of viruses, emerges as a promising strategy to overcome this problem. Natural and synthetic porphyrins are good candidates for antiviral development due to their relative hydrophobicity and pro-oxidant character. In the present work, we characterized the antiviral activities of protoprophyrin IX (PPIX), Zn-Protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), and mesoporphyrin IX (MPIX) against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and evaluated the mechanisms involved in this activity. Treatment of VSV with PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX promoted dose-dependent virus inactivation, which was potentiated by porphyrin photoactivation. All three porphyrins inserted into lipid vesicles and disturbed the viral membrane organization. In addition, the porphyrins also affected viral proteins, inducing VSV glycoprotein cross-linking, which was enhanced by porphyrin photoactivation. Virus incubation with sodium azide and α-tocopherol partially protected VSV from inactivation by porphyrins, suggesting that singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) was the main reactive oxygen species produced by photoactivation of these molecules. Furthermore, 1 O 2 was detected by 9,10-dimethylanthracene oxidation in photoactivated porphyrin samples, reinforcing this hypothesis. These results reveal the potential therapeutic application of PPIX, ZnPPIX, and MPIX as good models for broad antiviral drug design.