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Majid Fasihi Harandi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the high potential of ozone gas to inactivate echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces during hydatid cyst surgery
Infectious disorders drug targets, 2020Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Massumeh Niazi, Abdolreza Rouientan, Fazel Mohammadimoghadam, Ebrahim Saedi DezakiAbstract:BACKGROUND In medicine, ozone therapy is effectively used in a broad spectrum of diseases. Reviews have shown that ozone gas demonstrates potent antimicrobial effects against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, such as oral bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasite even in resistant strains. The present investigation was designed to assess the protoscolicidal effects of ozone gas on hydatid cysts Protoscoleces in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Hydatid cyst Protoscoleces were acquired from sheep livers that were slaughtered at Kerman slaughterhouse, Iran. The viability of Protoscoleces was assessed by the eosin exclusion examination after exposure with ozone gas for 1 to 14 min in vitro and ex vivo. RESULTS In this study, in vitro assay showed that ozone gas at the concentration of 20 mg/L killed 85 and 100% of hydatid cyst Protoscoleces after 4 and 6 min of treatment, respectively. However, in the ex vivo analysis, a longer time was needed to confirm a potent protoscolicidal activity such that ozone gas after an exposure time of 12 min, 100% of the Protoscoleces were killed within the hydatid cyst. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the findings of the present study showed that ozone gas at low concentrations (20 mg/L) and short times (4-6 min) might be used as a novel protoscolicidal drug for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, more clinical surveys are required to discover the precise biological activity of ozone gas in animal and human subjects.
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in vitro effects of glutathione on transforming growth factor beta and epidermal growth factor receptor genes expression in the Protoscoleces and strobilated worms of echinococcus granulosus
Gene Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Seyyed Jafar Nosratabadi, Ali Afgar, Nasim Hayati Roodbari, Alireza Farsinejad, Mohammad Hossein Modarressi, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Abstract Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) caused by the small taeniid cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is a globally distributed zoonosis. Administration of some chemicals or natural compounds could lead to significant effects on the expression of some developmentally important genes including Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in other parasitic organisms. The main purpose of this study was to describe the effect of glutathione (GSH) on the expression of TGF-β and EGFR genes in different developmental stages of E. granulosus. Protoscoleces of hydatid cysts collected from naturally infected sheep liver were cultured in diphasic CMRL1066 medium. Glutathione Mono-ethyl Ester (GME) at 250 μg/ml concentration was applied on the invaginated Protoscoleces (PSCi), evaginated Protoscoleces (PSCe) and strobilated worms (SW3) in vitro. TGF-β and EGFR genes expression were evaluated by using Real Time qPCR analysis compared to the controls. In response to GME treatment TGF-β expression was affected, however no significant effect was observed in EGFR expression. The results indicate a significant difference of TGF-β expression in the intact Protoscoleces and the strobilated worms comparing to the controls. In intact invaginated Protoscoleces TGF-β expression was significantly increased (p The results indicated that administration of GSH modified TGF-β expression in the Protoscoleces and strobilar stages of E. granulosus. To improve our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the parasite more in depth in vitro and in vivo studies on the morphological and molecular effects of glutathione on the parasite is recommended. Further investigation on the gene profiles in other stages including microcysts and germinal layer cells is also suggested. This paves the way for the effective treatment and control of cystic echinococcosis.
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the effect of alpha tocopherol on the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and transforming growth factor beta genes in three developmental stages of echinococcus granulosus
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2020Co-Authors: Seyyed Jafar Nosratabadi, Nasim Hayati Roodbari, Mohammad Hossein Modarresi, Alireza Farsinejad, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Background In recent decades platyhelminths have been used as model organisms to address some of the fundamental questions related to the growth and development of animal organisms. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR) and Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) have a regulatory role in the growth and development of Echinococcus species. This study determined the effect of alpha-tocopherol on the expression of EGFR and TGF-beta genes in three in vitro developmental stages of E. granulosus. Methods E. granulosus Protoscoleces were cultured in diphasic medium containing bovine serum and CMRL 1066. Three developmental stages of E. granulosus, i.e. invaginated Protoscoleces, evaginated Protoscoleces and three-proglottid worms, were treated by alpha-tocopherol (250 μg/ml for 36 h) and the expression of EGFR and TGF-beta genes were evaluated by using qPCR analysis. Results Intact Protoscoleces were successfully developed to the segmented worms in diphasic culture media. Higher levels of both EGFR and TGF-beta gene expression were observed in the invaginated Protoscoleces as well as the segmented worms in comparison to the non-treated controls. Conclusion Administration of alpha-tocopherol to different developmental stages of E. granulosus significantly enhanced EGFR and TGF-beta expression in the parasite. Both oxidant and non-oxidant activities of alpha-tocopherol could explain the study findings. Overexpression of the genes could in turn enhance growth factor effects and facilitates the viability of the parasite.
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the effect of albendazole sulfoxide on the expression of mir 61 and let 7 in different in vitro developmental stages of echinococcus granulosus
Acta Tropica, 2019Co-Authors: Seifollah Mortezaei, Ali Afgar, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Balal Sadeghi, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Abstract Albendazole, as the main anti-echinococcal benzimidazole, has demonstrated safe and effective therapeutic outcomes in the treatment of echinococcosis. The emergence of resistance or reduced response to albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ_SOX) and other benzimidazoles have been demonstrated in several parasitic helminths of medical and veterinary importance. As the genetic makeup and miRNA profile of helminths affects their response to albendazole sulfoxide, the present study was conducted to investigate the expression of miRNAs in different developmental stages of Echinococcus granulosus exposed to albendazole sulfoxide in vitro. Different developmental stages of the helminth were obtained from in vitro cultured E. granulosus in monophasic and diphasic media. In both ABZ-SOX-treated and control parasites miRNAs were extracted from microcysts, intact Protoscoleces and strobilated worms with one and three segments. Expression of two miRNAs, let-7 and miR-61 was evaluated using RT-qPCR for each stage. Results of the present study revealed significant differential expression of both let-7 and miR-61 at different drug concentrations. A significant difference of let-7 expression was observed between the strobilated and metacestode stages of E. granulosus exposed to ABZ-SOX. In the treated Protoscoleces, let-7 expression was significantly reduced in the presence of ABZ-SOX at 1000 μg/ml concentration. In contrast higher expression levels were documented in the segmented worms. In the microcysts exposed to different drug concentrations a significant decline of miR-61 expression was demonstrated. Also, a significant increase in expression of miR-61 was observed in one proglottid worms as well as the Protoscoleces. Under high drug concentration or long-term exposure of the Protoscoleces to ABZ-SOX significantly higher miR-61 expression was observed compared to the controls. Our findings suggested that under in vitro benzimidazole exposure the expression of two E. granulosus miRNAs were significantly affected in the microcyst stage. This study presents the first evidence of the nature of benzimidazole effects on miRNA expression in platyhelminths.
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efficacy of pistacia khinjuk fruits on viability of hydatid cyst Protoscoleces and its acute toxicity in mice model
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Seyed Reza Mirbadie, Mehdi Ghasemi Kia, Ebrahim Badparva, Saeedeh Shamsadini Lori, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Background: This investigation aimed to evaluate the in vitro scolicidal effects of Pistacia khinjuk methanolic extract against Protoscoleces of hydatid cysts and its acute toxicity in mice NMRI model. Methods: Protoscoleces were aseptically extracted from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (12.5- 100 mg/mL) were used for 10 to 60 min. Viability of Protoscoleces was confirmed using eosin exclusion test (0.1% eosin staining). Twenty-four male NMRI mice were used to assess the acute toxicity of P. khinjuk. Results : P. khinjuk extract at the concentrations of 100 mg/mL after 10 min of exposure killed 100% of Protoscoleces. Similarly, the mean of mortality rate of Protoscoleces after 20 min of exposure to the concentration of 50 mg/mL was 100%. The LD 50 of the intraperitoneal injection of the P. khinjuk methanolic extract was 2.8 g/kg and the maximum non-fatal dose was 1.7 g/kg. Conclusion : The findings demonstrated effective scolicidal effects of P. khinjuk extract with no considerable toxicity that might be a natural source for the producing of new scolicidal agent.
Hossein Mahmoudvand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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copper nanoparticles biosynthesis characterization and protoscolicidal effects alone and combined with albendazole against hydatid cyst Protoscoleces
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2021Co-Authors: Fatemeh Ezzatkhah, Amal Khudair Khalaf, Hossein MahmoudvandAbstract:Abstract Background Surgery remains the preferred treatment option for hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis); however, recent studies have demonstrated that the current protoscolicidal agents used during surgery are associated with some adverse side effects such as biliary fibrosis, hepatic necrosis, and cirrhosis. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro and ex vivo anti-parasitic effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) alone and combined with albendazole on hydatid cyst Protoscoleces. Methods CuNPs was green synthesized using C. spinosa extract. Various concentrations of CuNPs (250, 500, and 750 mg/mL) alone and combined with albendazole (ALZ, 200 mg/mL) were exposed to Protoscoleces collected from the liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep for 5−60 min in vitro and ex vivo. Next, the eosin exclusion test was applied to determine the viability of Protoscoleces. Caspase-3 like activity of CuNPs-treated Protoscoleces was then evaluated using the colorimetric protease assay Sigma Kit based on the manufacturer’s instructions. Results Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the particle size of CuNPs was 17 and 41 nm with the maximum peak at the wavelength of 414 nm. The maximum protoscolicidal activity of CuNPs was observed at the concentration of 750 mg/mL in vitro, so that 73.3 % of Protoscoleces were killed after 60 min of exposure. Meanwhile, the mortality of Protoscoleces was 100 % after 10 min of exposure to 750 mg/mL of CuNPs along with ALZ (200 mg/mL). Nevertheless, the findings proved that CuNPs even in combination with ALZ required a longer time to kill Protoscoleces ex vivo. After 48 h of treating Protoscoleces, CuNPs in a dose-dependent manner and at doses of 250, 500, and 750 mg/mL induced the caspase enzyme activation by 20.5 %, 32.3 %, and 36.1 %, respectively. Conclusion The findings of the present investigation showed potent protoscolicidal effects of CuNPs, especially combined with albendazole, which entirely eliminated the parasite after 10−20 min of exposure. The results also showed that although the possible protoscolicidal mechanisms of CuNPs are not clearly understood, the inducing apoptosis through caspases is one of the main protoscolicidal mechanisms of CuNPs. However, supplementary studies, especially in animal models and clinical settings, are needed to approve these results.
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chemical composition apoptotic activity and antiparasitic effects of ferula macrecolea essential oil against echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces
Molecules, 2021Co-Authors: Mohamed S Alyousif, Hossein Mahmoudvand, Hiba Riyadh Alabodi, Hamdan I Almohammed, Abdullah D Alanazi, Marzieh Hakami Shalamzari, Iraj SalimikiaAbstract:Background: Today, the present protoscolicidals used to minimize the serious risks during hydatid cyst surgery are not completely safe and have various adverse side effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and apoptotic activity of Ferula macrecolea essential oil (FMEO) as well as its in vitro and ex vivo protoscolicidal effects against hydatid cyst Protoscoleces. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed to determine the chemical composition of FMEO. Protoscoleces of hydatid cysts were collected from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep and were then treated with various concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, and 300 µL/mL) for 5–60 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion test, the viability of the Protoscoleces was studied. The caspase-3-like activity of the FMEO-treated Protoscoleces was also evaluated through the colorimetric protease assay Sigma Kit based on the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: According to GC/MS, the main constituents of the essential oil were terpinolene (77.72%), n-nonanal (4.47%), and linalool (4.35%), respectively. In vitro, the maximum protoscolicidal activity of FMEO was observed at the concentrations of 150 and 300 µL/mL, such that 100% of the Protoscoleces were killed after 30 and 20 min of exposure, respectively. Based on the obtained findings, the results demonstrate that FMEO required a longer time to kill Protoscoleces ex vivo; after 12 min of exposure to FMEO, only 13.4% of the Protoscoleces remained alive. After 48 h of the treatment of Protoscoleces, FMEO, in a dose-dependent manner and at doses of 75, 150, and 300 µL/mL, induced the activation of the caspase enzyme by 24.3, 35.3, and 48.3%, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the potent protoscolicidal effects of FMEO in vitro and ex vivo; however, further studies are required to assess the safety and the efficiency of FMEO as a promising scolicidal agent in a preclinical model and clinical setting.
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the high potential of ozone gas to inactivate echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces during hydatid cyst surgery
Infectious disorders drug targets, 2020Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Massumeh Niazi, Abdolreza Rouientan, Fazel Mohammadimoghadam, Ebrahim Saedi DezakiAbstract:BACKGROUND In medicine, ozone therapy is effectively used in a broad spectrum of diseases. Reviews have shown that ozone gas demonstrates potent antimicrobial effects against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, such as oral bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasite even in resistant strains. The present investigation was designed to assess the protoscolicidal effects of ozone gas on hydatid cysts Protoscoleces in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Hydatid cyst Protoscoleces were acquired from sheep livers that were slaughtered at Kerman slaughterhouse, Iran. The viability of Protoscoleces was assessed by the eosin exclusion examination after exposure with ozone gas for 1 to 14 min in vitro and ex vivo. RESULTS In this study, in vitro assay showed that ozone gas at the concentration of 20 mg/L killed 85 and 100% of hydatid cyst Protoscoleces after 4 and 6 min of treatment, respectively. However, in the ex vivo analysis, a longer time was needed to confirm a potent protoscolicidal activity such that ozone gas after an exposure time of 12 min, 100% of the Protoscoleces were killed within the hydatid cyst. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the findings of the present study showed that ozone gas at low concentrations (20 mg/L) and short times (4-6 min) might be used as a novel protoscolicidal drug for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, more clinical surveys are required to discover the precise biological activity of ozone gas in animal and human subjects.
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efficacy and safety curcuma zadoaria l to inactivate the hydatid cyst Protoscoleces
Current Clinical Pharmacology, 2020Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Sareh Jahanbakhsh, Farnaz Kheirandish, Mahbobeh Pakravanan, Massumeh Niazi, Abdolreza Rouientan, Maryam Sepahvand, Mohammad Reza AflatoonianAbstract:Background The present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and to investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst Protoscoleces. Methods Collected Protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, 300 μl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of Protoscoleces was studied. In the next step, 24 male NMRI mice were examined to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring the biochemical and hematological parameters. Results Based on the obtained results, the LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil was 1.76 mL/kg of body weight and the maximum non-fatal dose was 0.96 mL/kg of body weight. C. zadoaria essential oil had a strong proto scolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 μl/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas, weak proto scolicidal activity was observed at lower doses. Ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, therefore, more time is required to show a potent proto scolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 μl/mL after an exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of Protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. After intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg. Conclusion The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had a favorable proto scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst Protoscoleces. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these findings by assessing clinical subjects.
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efficacy and safety of curcuma longa essential oil to inactivate hydatid cyst Protoscoleces
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Seyed Reza Mirbadie, Amir Tavakoli Kareshk, Mahbobeh Pakravanan, Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian, Amal Khudair Khalaf, Massumeh Niazi, Mehrdad KhatamiAbstract:One of the most important ways to cure hydatid cysts is surgery. Today, available chemical drugs have shown severe complications during hydatid cyst surgery. Here we investigated theefficacy and safety of Curcuma longa (C. longa) essential oil (CLEO) against hydatid cysts Protoscoleces. Here, the collected Protoscoleces from fertile hydatid cysts were exposed to different concentrations of the CLEO (50–200 μl/mL) for 5–30 min in vitro and ex vivo. In addition, male NIH mice (48 mice) were applied to examine the safety of CLEO. All Protoscoleces were completely killed in 5th min of treatment to the doses of 200 μl /mL of CLEO. On the other hand, in the 10th min of treatment, CLEO entirely killed 100% of Protoscoleces at the dose of 100 μL/mL. Other doses of CLEO, but, revealed a postponed activity. Although CLEO at the doses of 50, and 100 μL/mL exhibited no similar effect in the ex vivo analysis; but, at the dose of 200 μL/mL and an exposure time of 5 min, approximately 100% of Protoscoleces were destroyed into the cyst. We found that after intra-peritoneal injection of the CLEO for 14 days, although blood and biochemical parameters were changed; but there was no significant difference in comparison with the control group (p > 0.05). This research demonstrated that C. longa revealed the promising scolicidal effects against Protoscoleces in vitro and in vivo, of course, after additional tests; it might be considered as an herbal scolicidal drug in order to decrease the threat of discharge of Protoscoleces through hydatid cyst surgery. Nevertheless, supplementary studies will be desired to prove the current findings by examination the essential oil in a clinical setting.
Wenbao Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transcriptome analysis uncovers the key pathways and candidate genes related to the treatment of echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces with the repurposed drug pyronaridine
BMC Genomics, 2021Co-Authors: Weisi Wang, Wenbao Zhang, Tian Wang, Xueting Zheng, Lei Duan, Jiaxu Chen, Xiumin Han, Liping DuanAbstract:Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a life-threatening zoonosis caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm. Our previous study showed that an approved drug pyronaridine (PND) is highly effective against CE, both in vitro and in an animal model. To identify possible target genes, transcriptome analysis was performed with E. granulosus sensu stricto Protoscoleces treated with PND. A total of 1,321 genes were differentially expressed in Protoscoleces treated with PND, including 541 upregulated and 780 downregulated genes. Gene ontology and KEGG analyses revealed that the spliceosome, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were the top three enriched pathways. Western blot analysis showed that PND treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increase in protein expression levels of EgMKK1 (MKK3/6-like) and EgMKK2 (MEK1/2-like), two members of MAPK cascades. Interestingly, several heat shock protein (HSP) genes were greatly downregulated including stress-inducible HSPs and their constitutive cognates, and some of them belong to Echinococcus-specific expansion of HSP70. PND has a great impact on the spliceosome, MAPK pathway and ABC transporters, which may underline the mechanisms by which PND kills E. granulosus Protoscoleces. In addition, PND downregulates HSPs expression, suggesting a close relationship between the drug and HSPs.
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echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto silencing of thioredoxin peroxidase impairs the differentiation of Protoscoleces into metacestodes
Parasite, 2018Co-Authors: Hui Wang, Donald P. Mcmanus, Chuanshan Zhang, Baoping Guo, Qin Wei, Ning Yang, Xiaoli Gao, Wenbao Zhang, Hao WenAbstract:Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a cosmopolitan parasitic disease caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato . Thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx) may play an essential role in the antioxidant defence system of E. granulosus s.l. as neither catalase nor glutathione peroxidase activities have been detected in the parasite. However, it is not known whether TPx affects the survival and growth of E. granulosus s.l. during development. In this study, three fragments of siRNA specific for EgTPx (siRNA-1/2/3) were designed and transfected into Protoscoleces of E. granulosus sensu stricto by electroporation. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that siRNA-3 significantly reduced the expression of EgTPx. Coincidentally, knockdown of EgTPx expression in Protoscoleces with siRNA-3 significantly reduced the viability of the parasite under oxidative stress induced by 0.6 mM H2 O2 . In vitro culture studies showed that Protoscoleces treated with siRNA-3 reduced pre-microcyst formation. In vivo experiments showed that injecting mice intraperitoneally with Protoscoleces treated with siRNA-3 resulted in a significant reduction in the number, size and weight of CE cysts compared with those of control animals. Silencing of EgTPx led to the impairment of growth of E. granulosus s.s. both in vitro and in vivo , indicating that EgTPx is an important factor for Protoscoleces survival and plays an important role in the antioxidant defence against the host during development.
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cloning and characterization of an echinococcus granulosus ecdysteroid hormone nuclear receptor hr3 like gene
Parasite, 2017Co-Authors: Donald P. Mcmanus, Hui Wang, Baoping Guo, Ning Yang, Mei Yang, Xi Shou, Zhuangzhi Zhang, Fuchun Zhang, Wenbao ZhangAbstract:Cystic echinococcosis is an important parasitic zoonosis caused by the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Little is known about adult worm development at the molecular level. Transcription analysis showed that the E. granulosus hormone receptor 3-like (EgHR3) gene was expressed in Protoscoleces and adult worms, indicating its role in early adult development. In this study, we cloned and characterized EgHR3 showing that its cDNA contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 1890 bp encoding a 629 amino acid protein, which has a DNA-binding domain (DBD) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD). Immunolocalization revealed the protein was localized in the parenchyma of Protoscoleces and adult worms. Real-time PCR analysis showed that EgHR3 was expressed significantly more in adults than in other stages of development (p<0.01) and that its expression was especially high in the early stage of adult worm development induced by bile acids. EgHR3 siRNA silenced 69-78% of the level of transcription in Protoscoleces, which resulted in killing 43.6-60.9% of Protoscoleces after 10 days of cultivation in vitro. EgHR3 may play an essential role in early adult worm development and in maintaining adult biological processes and may represent a novel drug or vaccine target against echinococcosis.
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application of a cdna microarray for profiling the gene expression of echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces treated with albendazole and artemisinin
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 2014Co-Authors: Wenbao Zhang, Chuanshan Zhang, Jianhua Wang, Yunfeng Xiao, Jun Zhao, Jianqin Zhao, Yimin Sun, Junhua Wang, Renyong Lin, Hui LiuAbstract:Cystic echinoccocosis (CE) is a neglected zoonosis that is caused by the dog-tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The disease is endemic worldwide. There is an urgent need for searching effective drug for the treatment of the disease. In this study, we sequenced a cDNA library constructed using RNA isolated from oncospheres, Protoscoleces, cyst membrane and adult worms of E. granulosus. A total of 9065 non-redundant or unique sequences were obtained and spotted on chips as uniEST probes to profile the gene expression in Protoscoleces of E. granulosus treated with the anthelmintic drugs albendazole and artemisinin, respectively. The results showed that 7 genes were up-regulated and 38 genes were down-regulated in the Protoscoleces treated with albendazole. Gene analysis showed that these genes are responsible for energy metabolism, cell cycle and assembly of cell structure. We also identified 100 genes up-regulated and 6 genes down-regulated in the Protoscoleces treated with artemisinin. These genes play roles in the transduction of environmental signals, and metabolism. Albendazole appeared its drug efficacy in damaging cell structure, while artemisinin was observed to increase the formation of the heterochromatin in protoscolex cells. Our results highlight the utility of using cDNA microarray methods to detect gene expression profiles of E. granulosus and, in particular, to understand the pharmacologic mechanism of anti-echinococcosis drugs.
G Prats - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ultrastructural localization of major hydatid fluid antigens in brood capsules and Protoscoleces of echinococcus granulosus of human origin
Parasite Immunology, 1993Co-Authors: F Sanchez, F March, Pere Coll, Carmen Munoz, J Garcia, N Cardenosa, C Auladell, G PratsAbstract:Summary Monospecific rabbit antisera obtained through experimental immunization with previously purified proteins were used in the ultrastructural localization of two hydatid fluid antigens, in brood capsules and Protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus of human origin. The antigen-antibody reaction was revealed by a colloidal gold based method. Reaction was evident in the connective region of the germinal membrane and in the parenchyma of the Protoscoleces. Both antigen 5 and antigen B were located in the interstitial material between the parenchymal cells and precisely associated with disorganized areas. The brood capsule wall and the brood capsule contents, the tegument of the Protoscoleces, the parenchymal cells, the muscle cells, the calcareous corpuscles and the hooks did not contain antigen 5 or antigen B. Label was not observed in the lumen of the collecting ducts or in the flame cells, although antigen 5 was evident in the periluminal cytoplasm. The origin of the antigens and their release are discussed.
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immunochemical localization of major hydatid fluid antigens in Protoscoleces and cysts of echinococcus granulosus from human origin
Parasite Immunology, 1991Co-Authors: F Sanchez, F March, M Mercader, Pere Coll, Carmen Munoz, G PratsAbstract:Summary Monospecitic rabbit an user a obtained through experimental immunization with previously purified proteins were used in the structural localization of two hydatid fluid antigens, antigen 5 and antigen B, in cyst membranes and Protoscoleces of E. granulosus from human origin. The antigen-antibody reaction was revealed by an avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Antigen 5 was not evident in the laminated membrane of the cyst wall, but it was associated with the germinal membrane of the cyst wall and brood capsules. The parenchyma of invaginated and evaginated Protoscoleces was heavily labelled. The tegument, the calcareous corpuscles, the suckers and the hooks did not contain antigen 5. Degenerated Protoscoleces were also labelled. Antigen B localization was essentially identical to antigen 5. but degenerated Protoscoleces were not recognized by anti-antigen B anliserum. Technical aspects and differences with previously published work arc discussed.
Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the high potential of ozone gas to inactivate echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces during hydatid cyst surgery
Infectious disorders drug targets, 2020Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Massumeh Niazi, Abdolreza Rouientan, Fazel Mohammadimoghadam, Ebrahim Saedi DezakiAbstract:BACKGROUND In medicine, ozone therapy is effectively used in a broad spectrum of diseases. Reviews have shown that ozone gas demonstrates potent antimicrobial effects against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, such as oral bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasite even in resistant strains. The present investigation was designed to assess the protoscolicidal effects of ozone gas on hydatid cysts Protoscoleces in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Hydatid cyst Protoscoleces were acquired from sheep livers that were slaughtered at Kerman slaughterhouse, Iran. The viability of Protoscoleces was assessed by the eosin exclusion examination after exposure with ozone gas for 1 to 14 min in vitro and ex vivo. RESULTS In this study, in vitro assay showed that ozone gas at the concentration of 20 mg/L killed 85 and 100% of hydatid cyst Protoscoleces after 4 and 6 min of treatment, respectively. However, in the ex vivo analysis, a longer time was needed to confirm a potent protoscolicidal activity such that ozone gas after an exposure time of 12 min, 100% of the Protoscoleces were killed within the hydatid cyst. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the findings of the present study showed that ozone gas at low concentrations (20 mg/L) and short times (4-6 min) might be used as a novel protoscolicidal drug for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, more clinical surveys are required to discover the precise biological activity of ozone gas in animal and human subjects.
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chemical composition efficacy and safety of pistacia vera var fandoghi to inactivate Protoscoleces during hydatid cyst surgery
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2016Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Farnaz Kheirandish, Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki, Saeedeh Shamsaddini, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:At present, various scolicidal agents have been used for inactivation of Protoscoleces during hydatid cyst surgery, however, they are associated with serious adverse side effects including sclerosing colangititis (biliary tract fibrosis), liver necrosis and methaemoglobinaemia. This investigation was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro scolicidal effects of Pistacia vera (var. Fandoghi) essential oil against Protoscoleces of hydatid cysts and also its toxicity in mice model. The components of the P. vera essential oil were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis. Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (25-200μl/mL) were used for 5-30min. Viability of Protoscoleces was confirmed using eosin exclusion test (0.1% eosin staining). In addition, forty male NIH mice were used to determine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of P. vera essential oil for 2 and 14 days, respectively. The main components of P. vera essential oil were limonene (26.21%), α-pinene (18.07%), α-thujene (9.31%) and α-terpinolene (9.28%). Findings of the present study demonstrated that the P. vera essential oil at the concentrations of 100 and 200μl/mL killed 100% Protoscoleces after 10 and 5min of exposure, respectively. The LD50 values of intraperitoneal injection of the P. vera essential oil was 2.69ml/kg body weight, and the maximum nonfatal doses were 1.94ml/kg body weight. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematological parameters following oral administrations of P. vera essential oil at the doses 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4ml/kg for 14 days. The obtained findings demonstrated new chemical composition and promising scolicidal activity of the P. vera with no significant toxicity which might be used as a natural scolicidal agent in hydatid cyst surgery.
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efficacy of myrtus communis l to inactivate the hydatid cyst Protoscoleces
Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2016Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Shirzad Fallahi, Hormoz Mahmoudvand, Mojtaba Shakibaie, Ebrahim Saedi DezakiAbstract:ABSTRACTPurpose: The present study aims to investigate the scolicidal effects of Myrtus communis L. essential oil against Protoscoleces of hydatid cysts and also its toxicity in mice model. Materials and Methods: Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (12.5–100 μl/ml) were used for 5–30 min. Viability of Protoscoleces was confirmed using eosin exclusion test (0.1% eosin staining). Moreover, 48 male NMRI mice were used to determine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of M. communis essential oil. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test was used to assess differences between experimental groups. Results: Findings of the present study demonstrated that the M. communis essential oil at the concentration of 100 μl/ml after 5 min of exposure killed 100% Protoscoleces. Similarly, the mean mortality rate of Protoscoleces after 10 min of exposure to concentration of 50 μl/ml was 100%. However, lower concentrations (12.5 and 25 μl/m...
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comparison of scolicidal effects of amphotricin b silver nanoparticles _and foeniculum vulgare mill on hydatid cysts Protoscoleces
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2015Co-Authors: Mohammad Reza Lashkarizadeh, Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki, Keivan Asgaripour, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Background: Surgery is the preferred treatment for hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis, CE). At present, various scolicidal agents have been used for inactivation of Protoscoleces during surgery, but they are associated with adverse side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the scolicidal effects of amphotricin B, Silver nano particles, Foeniculum vulgare Mill, essential oil and hypertonic saline against Protoscoleces of hydatid cyst on an in vitro model. Methods: Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from the naturally infected livers of sheep and goats. Various concentrations of AmB (2.5–20 mg/ml), Ag-NPs (0.5–4 mg/ml), F. vulgare essential oil (0.125–1 mg/ml) and hypertonic saline (10–20%) were used for 5–60 min. Eosin exclusion test was used to determine the viability of Protoscoleces. Results: Maximum protoscolicidal effect of AmB and Ag-NPs was found at concentrations of 20 and 4 mg/mL, resulting in only 82.3% and 71.6% of the Protoscoleces after 60 min of incubation, respectively. In contrast, F. vulgare essential oil at concentration of 1 mg/ml and hypertonic saline 20% killed 100% Protoscoleces after 5 and 10 min of exposure, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicated weak scolicidal activity of AmB and Ag-NPs; whereas F. vulgare essential oil had potent scolicidal activity against Protoscoleces of hydatid cyst that revealed the potential of F. vulgare as a natural source for the production of new scolicidal agent for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, further studies will be needed to confirm these results by checking the essential oil and its active component in the in vivo model.
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scolicidal effects of black cumin seed nigella sativa essential oil on hydatid cysts
Korean Journal of Parasitology, 2014Co-Authors: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Sareh Jahanbakhsh, Farnaz Kheirandish, Behrouz Ezatpour, Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki, Majid Fasihi HarandiAbstract:Surgery remains the preferred treatment for hydatid cyst (cystic echinococcosis, CE). Various scolicidal agents have been used for inactivation of protoscolices during surgery, but most of them are associated with adverse side effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro scolicidal effect of Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae) essential oil and also its active principle, thymoquinone, against protoscolices of hydatid cysts. Protoscolices were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (0.01-10 mg/ml) and thymoquinone (0.125-1.0 mg/ml) were used for 5 to 60 min. Viability of protoscolices was confirmed by 0.1% eosin staining. Furthermore, the components of the N. sativa essential oil were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Our study revealed that the essential oil of N. sativa at the concentration of 10 mg/ml and its main component, thymoquinone, at the concentration of 1 mg/ml had potent scolicidal activities against protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus after 10 min exposure. Moreover, thymoquinone (42.4%), p-cymene (14.1%), carvacrol (10.3%), and longifolene (6.1%) were found to be the major components of N. sativa essential oil by GC/MS analysis. The results of this study indicated the potential of N. sativa as a natural source for production of a new scolicidal agent for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, further studies will be needed to confirm these results by checking the essential oil and its active component in in vivo models.
