The Experts below are selected from a list of 2580 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Amy F. Iezzoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Identification of bloom date QTLs and haplotype analysis in tetraploid sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus )
Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2018Co-Authors: Lichun Cai, Travis Stegmeir, Audrey Sebolt, Chaozhi Zheng, Marco C. A. M. Bink, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Bloom date is an important production trait in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) as the risk of crop loss to floral freeze injury increases with early bloom time. Knowledge of the major loci controlling bloom date would enable breeders to design crosses and select seedlings with late bloom date. As sour cherry is a segmental allotetraploid, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for bloom date was performed based on haplotype reconstruction by identifying the parental origins of marker alleles in sour cherry. A total of 338 sour cherry individuals from five F1 populations were genotyped using the cherry 6K Illumina Infinium® SNP array and phenotyped for bloom date in 3 years. A total of four QTLs were identified on linkage group (G)1, G2, G4, and G5, respectively. For these QTLs, 14 haplotypes constructed for the QTL regions were significantly associated with bloom date, accounting for 10.1–27.9% of the bloom date variation within individual populations. The three most significant haplotypes, which were identified for the G4 (G4-k), G2 (G2-j), and G1 (G1-c) QTLs, were associated with 2.8, 1.8, and 1.0 days bloom delay, respectively. These three haplotypes were also demonstrated to have additive effects on delaying bloom date for both individual and multiple QTLs. These results demonstrate that bloom date is under polygenic control in sour cherry; yet, pyramiding late blooming haplotypes for single and multiple QTLs would be an effective strategy to obtain later blooming offspring.
-
A DNA test for fruit flesh color in tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Molecular Breeding, 2015Co-Authors: Travis Stegmeir, Lichun Cai, Fransiska R. A. Basundari, Audrey M. Sebolt, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Fruit flesh color in tetraploid sour cherry ( Prunus cerasus ) is an important market-driven trait in the USA where the fruit from the dominant cultivar has brilliant red skin but clear/yellow flesh. This brilliant red color in the processed products differentiates products from sour cherries grown in the USA compared to those in Europe where the cultivars predominantly have dark purple-red flesh. In sweet cherry ( P. avium ), red skin and flesh colors were shown to be controlled by a major MYB10 -associated locus. Sour cherry, which is derived from sweet cherry and ground cherry ( P. fruticosa ), also exhibits a range of flesh colors, but the genetic control of flesh color is not known. Our objectives were to test the hypothesis that the MYB10 locus controls flesh color in sour cherry and develop a predictive DNA test for dark purple-red flesh color. Pedigree-linked sour cherry plant materials were phenotyped for flesh color. Thirteen haplotypes for the sour cherry MYB10 region were distinguished based on markers scored from the use of the cherry 6K Infinium^® II SNP array. Six haplotypes were significantly associated with variation in flesh color, supporting a role for MYB10 in controlling flesh color variation in sour cherry. A simple sequence repeat primer pair, designed from the peach genome sequence near MYB10 , amplified a fragment that uniquely identified the haplotype that was associated with the darkest purple-red flesh color. This marker can be used for marker-assisted breeding to identify individuals that are predicted to have dark purple-red flesh.
-
Characterization of New Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.): Selections Based on Fruit Quality, Total Anthocyanins, and Antioxidant Capacity
International Journal of Food Properties, 2011Co-Authors: Muhammad Siddiq, Amy F. Iezzoni, Audrey Sebolt, A. A. Khan, P. Breen, Kirk D. Dolan, Ramasamy RaviAbstract:Tart cherries (Prunus cerasus L.) are rich in anthocyanins and possess high antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate six Michigan tart cherry selections for different quality attributes; fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, instrumental color parameters, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity, determined as Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC). Generally, significant (p < 0.01) differences were observed across tart cherry selections for fruit weight, firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and color values. As compared to 13.7°B for Montmorency (control), the TSS contents of all the tart cherry selections were significantly higher; ranging from 15.8 °B in selection 27–10(50) to 20.2°B in Erdi Jubileum. Fruit weight also showed significant differences, which were in the range of 3.95–8.17 g/fruit. In comparison to Montmorency, other tart cherry selections showed significantly higher titratable acidity (1.20–1.41% vs. 1.132%); higher anthocyanins (78.9–391.4 μg/g vs. 33.1 μg/g, as gallic acid equivalent); and higher ORAC values (up to 145.4% more). With respect to cost and better marketability, the results of this study could be useful for the cherry juice/concentrate industry.
-
Genetic and molecular characterization of three novel S-haplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Journal of experimental botany, 2008Co-Authors: Tatsuya Tsukamoto, Ryutaro Tao, Daniel Potter, Cristina P. Vieira, Jorge Vieira, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) whereby the specificity of self-pollen rejection is controlled by alleles of the stylar and pollen specificity genes, S-RNase and SFB (S haplotype-specific F-box protein gene), respectively. As sour cherry selections can be either self-compatible (SC) or self-incompatible (SI), polyploidy per se does not result in SC. Instead the genotype-dependent loss of SI in sour cherry is due to the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes. The presence of two or more non-functional S-haplotypes within sour cherry 2x pollen renders that pollen SC. Two new S-haplotypes from sour cherry, S(33) and S(34), that are presumed to be contributed by the P. fruticosa species parent, the complete S-RNase and SFB sequences of a third S-haplotype, S(35), plus the presence of two previously identified sweet cherry S-haplotypes, S(14) and S(16) are described here. Genetic segregation data demonstrated that the S(16)-, S(33)-, S(34)-, and S(35)-haplotypes present in sour cherry are fully functional. This result is consistent with our previous finding that 'hetero-allelic' pollen is incompatible in sour cherry. Phylogenetic analyses of the SFB and S-RNase sequences from available Prunus species reveal that the relationships among S-haplotypes show no correspondence to known organismal relationships at any taxonomic level within Prunus, indicating that polymorphisms at the S-locus have been maintained throughout the evolution of the genus. Furthermore, the phylogenetic relationships among SFB sequences are generally incongruent with those among S-RNase sequences for the same S-haplotypes. Hypotheses compatible with these results are discussed.
-
Molecular characterization of three non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus).
Plant molecular biology, 2006Co-Authors: Tatsuya Tsukamoto, Ryutaro Tao, Nathanael R Hauck, Ning Jiang, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) exhibits a genotype-dependent loss of gametophytic self-incompatibility that is caused by the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes with disrupted pistil component (stylar-S) and/or pollen component (pollen-S) function. Genetic studies using diverse sour cherry germplasm identified non-functional S-haplotypes for which an equivalent wild-type S-haplotype was present in sweet cherry (Prunus avium), a diploid progenitor of sour cherry. In all cases, the non-functional S-haplotype resulted from mutations affecting the stylar component S-RNase or Prunus pollen component S-haplotype-specific F-box protein (SFB). This study determines the molecular bases of three of these S-haplotypes that confer unilateral incompatibility, two stylar-part mutants (S 6m2 and S 13m ) and one pollen-part mutant (S 13 ′). Compared to their wild-type alleles, S 6m2 -RNase has a 1 bp deletion, S 13m -RNase has a 23 bp deletion and SFB 13 ′ has a 1 bp substitution that lead to premature stop codons. Transcripts were identified for these three alleles, S 6m2 -RNase, S 13m -RNase, and SFB 13 ′, however, these transcripts presumably result in altered proteins with a resulting loss of activity. Our characterization of natural pollen-part and stylar-part mutants in sour cherry along with other natural S-haplotype mutants identified in Prunus supports the view that loss of pollen specificity and stylar rejection evolve independently and are caused by structural alterations affecting the S-haplotype. The prevalence of non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry but not in sweet cherry (a diploid) suggests that polyploidization and gene duplication were indirectly responsible for the dysfunction of some S-haplotypes and the emergence of self-compatibility in sour cherry. This resembles the specific mode of evolution in yeast where accelerated evolution occurred to one member of the duplicated gene pair.
Jules Beekwilder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry Prunus cerasus l across intestinal epithelial cells
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (−)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food ...
-
Investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across intestinal epithelial cells.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (-)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food matrix components for intestinal absorption of polyphenols.
-
industrial processing effects on phenolic compounds in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l fruit
Food Research International, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Maria Victoria Gomez Roldan, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:The processed juice (or nectar) of the sour cherry, Prunus cerasus L., is widely consumed in the Balkan region and Turkey. Sour cherry is known to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and procyanidins. In this work, the effects of processing of sour cherry fruit to nectar on polyphenolic compounds was studied. From a Turkish industrial nectar production factory, five fruit batches were sampled during the processing from fruit to nectar, and for each batch 22 sampling points in the process were investigated. Untargeted LC–MS analysis revealed 193 compounds in sour cherry, of which 38 could be putatively identified. Only seven compounds were affected by the process from fruit to nectar, among which were five phenolic compounds. Waste residues such as press cake contained hardly any anthocyanins, while 87% of the major fruit anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside), was found in the final nectar. In contrast, procyanidins showed a lower recovery (62%), and were still well represented in the discarded press cake. In comparison with other fruit juices, the recovery of anthocyanins in sour cherry nectar is remarkably high.
-
changes in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l antioxidants during nectar processing and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Journal of Functional Foods, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Senem Kamiloglu, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is rich in polyphenols, and like its processed products, is especially rich in anthocyanins. We have applied HPLC, spectrophotometric and on-line antioxidant detection methods to follow the fate of cherry antioxidants during an entire multi-step industrial-scale processing strategy. This was performed for 22 sampling points, with five independent repeats from a commercial cherry nectar production process. Anthocyanins contributed to >50% of the total antioxidant capacity of the samples. An in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion system was used to investigate serum availability of antioxidants. In this system anthocyanin bioavailability was much higher in the processed nectar than in the fresh fruit. Together these results indicate that processed sour cherry nectar is a rich source of stable antioxidants with high bioavailability, auguring well for the potential health-promoting capacity of sour cherry products.
Esra Capanoglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The uniaxial and coaxial encapsulations of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) concentrate by electrospinning and their in vitro bioaccessibility.
Food chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Beyza Sukran Isik, Filiz Altay, Esra CapanogluAbstract:Abstract Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is rich in polyphenols which are known to be protective agents against several diseases. Polyphenols are highly sensitive against temperature, pH, oxygen, and light conditions, leading to low bioaccessibility. In this study, polyphenols of sour cherry concentrate (SCC) were encapsulated by uniaxial or coaxial electrospinning with gelatin or gelatin-lactalbumin. Results showed that phenolic acids had higher encapsulation efficiencies than anthocyanins. Encapsulation efficiencies were found as 89.7 and 91.3% in terms of phenolic acids and 70.3 and 77.8% in terms of flavonoids for the uniaxially electrospun samples with gelatin and gelatin-lactalbumin, respectively. The content of polyphenols in SCC decreased after intestinal tract whereas all electrospun samples showed improved bioaccessibility. According to in vitro digestion results, electrospinning encapsulation provided 8 times better protection of cyanidin-3-glucoside compared to the non-encapsulated SCC. Results showed that especially coaxial electrospinning encapsulation is an effective method for sour cherry polyphenols.
-
investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry Prunus cerasus l across intestinal epithelial cells
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (−)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food ...
-
Investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across intestinal epithelial cells.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (-)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food matrix components for intestinal absorption of polyphenols.
-
industrial processing effects on phenolic compounds in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l fruit
Food Research International, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Maria Victoria Gomez Roldan, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:The processed juice (or nectar) of the sour cherry, Prunus cerasus L., is widely consumed in the Balkan region and Turkey. Sour cherry is known to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and procyanidins. In this work, the effects of processing of sour cherry fruit to nectar on polyphenolic compounds was studied. From a Turkish industrial nectar production factory, five fruit batches were sampled during the processing from fruit to nectar, and for each batch 22 sampling points in the process were investigated. Untargeted LC–MS analysis revealed 193 compounds in sour cherry, of which 38 could be putatively identified. Only seven compounds were affected by the process from fruit to nectar, among which were five phenolic compounds. Waste residues such as press cake contained hardly any anthocyanins, while 87% of the major fruit anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside), was found in the final nectar. In contrast, procyanidins showed a lower recovery (62%), and were still well represented in the discarded press cake. In comparison with other fruit juices, the recovery of anthocyanins in sour cherry nectar is remarkably high.
-
changes in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l antioxidants during nectar processing and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Journal of Functional Foods, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Senem Kamiloglu, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is rich in polyphenols, and like its processed products, is especially rich in anthocyanins. We have applied HPLC, spectrophotometric and on-line antioxidant detection methods to follow the fate of cherry antioxidants during an entire multi-step industrial-scale processing strategy. This was performed for 22 sampling points, with five independent repeats from a commercial cherry nectar production process. Anthocyanins contributed to >50% of the total antioxidant capacity of the samples. An in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion system was used to investigate serum availability of antioxidants. In this system anthocyanin bioavailability was much higher in the processed nectar than in the fresh fruit. Together these results indicate that processed sour cherry nectar is a rich source of stable antioxidants with high bioavailability, auguring well for the potential health-promoting capacity of sour cherry products.
Gamze Toydemir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry Prunus cerasus l across intestinal epithelial cells
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (−)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food ...
-
Investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across intestinal epithelial cells.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Ingrid M Van Der Meer, Monic M M Tomassen, Jurriaan J Mes, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Anthocyanins can contribute to human health through preventing a variety of diseases. The uptake of these compounds from food and the parameters determining uptake efficiency within the human body are still poorly understood. Here we have employed a Caco-2 cell based system to investigate the transport of key antioxidant food components from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across the intestinal epithelial barrier. Anthocyanins and (-)-epicatechin were supplied in three contrasting matrices: fruit, processed fruit cherry juice, and polyphenolic fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction. Results show that both compound types behave differently. Fruit or juice matrices display comparable transport across the epithelial cell layer. The juice supplements sucrose and citric acid, which are regularly added to processed foods, have a positive effect on stability and transport. Polyphenolic fractions display a lower transport efficiency, relative to that of the fruit or juice, indicating the importance of food matrix components for intestinal absorption of polyphenols.
-
industrial processing effects on phenolic compounds in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l fruit
Food Research International, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Maria Victoria Gomez Roldan, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:The processed juice (or nectar) of the sour cherry, Prunus cerasus L., is widely consumed in the Balkan region and Turkey. Sour cherry is known to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and procyanidins. In this work, the effects of processing of sour cherry fruit to nectar on polyphenolic compounds was studied. From a Turkish industrial nectar production factory, five fruit batches were sampled during the processing from fruit to nectar, and for each batch 22 sampling points in the process were investigated. Untargeted LC–MS analysis revealed 193 compounds in sour cherry, of which 38 could be putatively identified. Only seven compounds were affected by the process from fruit to nectar, among which were five phenolic compounds. Waste residues such as press cake contained hardly any anthocyanins, while 87% of the major fruit anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside), was found in the final nectar. In contrast, procyanidins showed a lower recovery (62%), and were still well represented in the discarded press cake. In comparison with other fruit juices, the recovery of anthocyanins in sour cherry nectar is remarkably high.
-
changes in sour cherry Prunus cerasus l antioxidants during nectar processing and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Journal of Functional Foods, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Senem Kamiloglu, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is rich in polyphenols, and like its processed products, is especially rich in anthocyanins. We have applied HPLC, spectrophotometric and on-line antioxidant detection methods to follow the fate of cherry antioxidants during an entire multi-step industrial-scale processing strategy. This was performed for 22 sampling points, with five independent repeats from a commercial cherry nectar production process. Anthocyanins contributed to >50% of the total antioxidant capacity of the samples. An in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion system was used to investigate serum availability of antioxidants. In this system anthocyanin bioavailability was much higher in the processed nectar than in the fresh fruit. Together these results indicate that processed sour cherry nectar is a rich source of stable antioxidants with high bioavailability, auguring well for the potential health-promoting capacity of sour cherry products.
Ryutaro Tao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Genetic and molecular characterization of three novel S-haplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Journal of experimental botany, 2008Co-Authors: Tatsuya Tsukamoto, Ryutaro Tao, Daniel Potter, Cristina P. Vieira, Jorge Vieira, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) exhibits gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) whereby the specificity of self-pollen rejection is controlled by alleles of the stylar and pollen specificity genes, S-RNase and SFB (S haplotype-specific F-box protein gene), respectively. As sour cherry selections can be either self-compatible (SC) or self-incompatible (SI), polyploidy per se does not result in SC. Instead the genotype-dependent loss of SI in sour cherry is due to the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes. The presence of two or more non-functional S-haplotypes within sour cherry 2x pollen renders that pollen SC. Two new S-haplotypes from sour cherry, S(33) and S(34), that are presumed to be contributed by the P. fruticosa species parent, the complete S-RNase and SFB sequences of a third S-haplotype, S(35), plus the presence of two previously identified sweet cherry S-haplotypes, S(14) and S(16) are described here. Genetic segregation data demonstrated that the S(16)-, S(33)-, S(34)-, and S(35)-haplotypes present in sour cherry are fully functional. This result is consistent with our previous finding that 'hetero-allelic' pollen is incompatible in sour cherry. Phylogenetic analyses of the SFB and S-RNase sequences from available Prunus species reveal that the relationships among S-haplotypes show no correspondence to known organismal relationships at any taxonomic level within Prunus, indicating that polymorphisms at the S-locus have been maintained throughout the evolution of the genus. Furthermore, the phylogenetic relationships among SFB sequences are generally incongruent with those among S-RNase sequences for the same S-haplotypes. Hypotheses compatible with these results are discussed.
-
Molecular characterization of three non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus).
Plant molecular biology, 2006Co-Authors: Tatsuya Tsukamoto, Ryutaro Tao, Nathanael R Hauck, Ning Jiang, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:Tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) exhibits a genotype-dependent loss of gametophytic self-incompatibility that is caused by the accumulation of non-functional S-haplotypes with disrupted pistil component (stylar-S) and/or pollen component (pollen-S) function. Genetic studies using diverse sour cherry germplasm identified non-functional S-haplotypes for which an equivalent wild-type S-haplotype was present in sweet cherry (Prunus avium), a diploid progenitor of sour cherry. In all cases, the non-functional S-haplotype resulted from mutations affecting the stylar component S-RNase or Prunus pollen component S-haplotype-specific F-box protein (SFB). This study determines the molecular bases of three of these S-haplotypes that confer unilateral incompatibility, two stylar-part mutants (S 6m2 and S 13m ) and one pollen-part mutant (S 13 ′). Compared to their wild-type alleles, S 6m2 -RNase has a 1 bp deletion, S 13m -RNase has a 23 bp deletion and SFB 13 ′ has a 1 bp substitution that lead to premature stop codons. Transcripts were identified for these three alleles, S 6m2 -RNase, S 13m -RNase, and SFB 13 ′, however, these transcripts presumably result in altered proteins with a resulting loss of activity. Our characterization of natural pollen-part and stylar-part mutants in sour cherry along with other natural S-haplotype mutants identified in Prunus supports the view that loss of pollen specificity and stylar rejection evolve independently and are caused by structural alterations affecting the S-haplotype. The prevalence of non-functional S-haplotypes in sour cherry but not in sweet cherry (a diploid) suggests that polyploidization and gene duplication were indirectly responsible for the dysfunction of some S-haplotypes and the emergence of self-compatibility in sour cherry. This resembles the specific mode of evolution in yeast where accelerated evolution occurred to one member of the duplicated gene pair.
-
A pollen-expressed gene for a novel protein with an F-box motif that is very tightly linked to a gene for S-RNase in two species of cherry, Prunus cerasus and P. avium
Plant & cell physiology, 2003Co-Authors: Hisayo Yamane, Hidenori Sassa, Kazuo Ikeda, Koichiro Ushijima, Ryutaro TaoAbstract:This study describes a novel F-box protein gene in the S-locus of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) and sweet cherry (P. avium). The gene showed an S-haplotype-specific sequence polymorphism and the expression was specific to pollen. Genomic DNA blot analysis of eight sweet cherry cultivars with the probe for the F-box protein gene under low stringency conditions yielded RFLP bands specific to the S-haplotypes of each cultivar. We discuss the possibility of the gene for the F-box protein being a candidate for the male determinant of gametophytic self-incompatibility in Prunus.
-
identification and characterization of s rnases in tetraploid sour cherry Prunus cerasus
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2001Co-Authors: Hisayo Yamane, Ryutaro Tao, Akira Sugiura, Nathanael R Hauck, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:This report demonstrates the presence of S-ribonucleases (S-RNases), which are associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) in Prunus L., in styles of self-incompatible and self-compatible (SC) selections of tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Based on self-pollen tube growth in the styles of 13 sour cherry selections, seven selections were SC, while six selections were SI. In the SI selections, the swelling of pollen tube tips, which is typical of SI pollen tu be growth in gametophytic SI, was observed. Stylar extracts of these selections were evaluated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Glycoproteins which had molecular weights and isoelectric points similar to those of S-RNases in other Prunus sp. were detected in all selections tested. These proteins had immunological characteristics and N-terminal amino acid sequences consistent with the S-RNases in other Prunus sp. Two cDNAs encoding glycoproteins from 'Erdi Botermo' were cloned. One of them had the same nucleotide sequence as that of S 4 -RNase of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), while the amino acid sequence from the other cDNA encoded a novel S-RNase (named S a
-
Identification and Characterization of S-RNases in Tetraploid Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus)
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 2001Co-Authors: Hisayo Yamane, Ryutaro Tao, Akira Sugiura, Nathanael R Hauck, Amy F. IezzoniAbstract:This report demonstrates the presence of S-ribonucleases (S-RNases), which are associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) in Prunus L., in styles of self-incompatible and self-compatible (SC) selections of tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.). Based on self-pollen tube growth in the styles of 13 sour cherry selections, seven selections were SC, while six selections were SI. In the SI selections, the swelling of pollen tube tips, which is typical of SI pollen tube growth in gametophytic SI, was observed. Stylar extracts of these selections were evaluated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Glycoproteins which had molecular weights and isoelectric points similar to those of S-RNases in other Prunus sp. were detected in all selections tested. These proteins had immunological characteristics and N-terminal amino acid sequences consistent with the S-RNases in other Prunus sp. Two cDNAs encoding glycoproteins from `Erdi Botermo' were cloned. One of them had the same nucleotide sequence as that of S4-RNase of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), while the amino acid sequence from the other cDNA encoded a novel S-RNase (named Sa-RNase in this study). This novel RNase contained two active sites of T2/S type RNases and five regions conserved among other Prunus S-RNases. Genomic DNA blot analysis using cDNAs encoding S-RNases of sweet cherry as probes indicated that three or four S-RNase alleles are present in the genome of each selection regardless of SI. All of the selections tested seemed to have at least one S-allele that is also found in sweet cherry. Genetic control of SI/SC in tetraploid sour cherry is discussed based on the results obtained from restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.
