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Amy F Iezzoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A DNA test for fruit flesh color in tetraploid Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Molecular Breeding, 2015Co-Authors: Travis Stegmeir, Lichun Cai, Audrey Sebolt, Fransiska R. A. Basundari, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Fruit flesh color in tetraploid Sour Cherry ( Prunus cerasus ) is an important market-driven trait in the USA where the fruit from the dominant cultivar has brilliant red skin but clear/yellow flesh. This brilliant red color in the processed products differentiates products from Sour cherries grown in the USA compared to those in Europe where the cultivars predominantly have dark purple-red flesh. In sweet Cherry ( P. avium ), red skin and flesh colors were shown to be controlled by a major MYB10 -associated locus. Sour Cherry, which is derived from sweet Cherry and ground Cherry ( P. fruticosa ), also exhibits a range of flesh colors, but the genetic control of flesh color is not known. Our objectives were to test the hypothesis that the MYB10 locus controls flesh color in Sour Cherry and develop a predictive DNA test for dark purple-red flesh color. Pedigree-linked Sour Cherry plant materials were phenotyped for flesh color. Thirteen haplotypes for the Sour Cherry MYB10 region were distinguished based on markers scored from the use of the Cherry 6K Infinium^® II SNP array. Six haplotypes were significantly associated with variation in flesh color, supporting a role for MYB10 in controlling flesh color variation in Sour Cherry. A simple sequence repeat primer pair, designed from the peach genome sequence near MYB10 , amplified a fragment that uniquely identified the haplotype that was associated with the darkest purple-red flesh color. This marker can be used for marker-assisted breeding to identify individuals that are predicted to have dark purple-red flesh.
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self compatibility and incompatibility in tetraploid Sour Cherry prunus cerasus l
Sexual Plant Reproduction, 2002Co-Authors: Nathanael R Hauck, Hisayo Yamane, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) typically "breaks down" due to polyploidy in many Solanaceous species, resulting in self-compatible (SC) tetraploid individuals. However, Sour Cherry (Prunuscerasus L.), a tetraploid species resulting from hybridization of the diploid sweet Cherry (P. avium L.) and the tetraploid ground Cherry (P.fruticosa Pall.), is an exception, consisting of both self-incompatible (SI) and SC individuals. Since sweet Cherry exhibits GSI with 13 S-ribonucleases (S-RNases) identified as the stylar S-locus product, the objectives were to compare sweet and Sour Cherry S-allele function, S-RNase sequences and linkage map location as initial steps towards understanding the genetic basis of SI and SC in Sour Cherry. S-RNases from two Sour Cherry cultivars that were the parents of a linkage mapping population were cloned and sequenced. The sequences of two S-RNases were identical to those of sweet Cherry S-RNases, whereas three other S-RNases had unique sequences. One of the S-RNases mapped to the Prunus linkage group 6, similar to its location in sweet Cherry and almond, whereas two other S-RNases were linked to each other but were unlinked to any other markers. Interspecific crosses between sweet and Sour Cherry demonstrated that GSI exists in Sour Cherry and that the recognition of common S-alleles has been maintained in spite of polyploidization. It is hypothesized that self-compatibility in Sour Cherry is caused by the existence of non-functional S-RNases and pollen S-genes that may have arisen from natural mutations.
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483 Identification of S-RNase in Tetraploid Sour Cherry
HortScience, 2000Co-Authors: Hisayo Yamane, Ryutaro Tao, Akira Sugiura, N. Hauck, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Most fruit tree species of Prunus exhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility, which is controlled by a single locus with multiple alleles (S-alleles). One interesting aspect of gametophytic self-incompatibility is that it commonly “breaks down” as a result of polyploidy, resulting in self-compatible individuals. This phenomenon is exhibited in the diploid sweet Cherry (P. avium) and the tetraploid Sour Cherry (P. cerasus), in which most cultivars are self-compatible. Recently, S-gene products in pistil of Prunus species were shown to be S-RNases. As Sour Cherry is one Prunus species, it is likely to possess S-alleles encoding pistil S-RNases. To confirm this, we surveyed stylar extracts of 11 Sour Cherry cultivars, including six self-compatible and five self-incompatible cultivars, by 2D-PAGE. As expected, all 11 cultivars tested yielded glycoprotein spots similar to S-RNases of other Prunus species in terms of Mr, immunological characteristics, and N-terminal sequences. A cDNA clone encoding one of these glycoproteins was cloned from the cDNA library constructed from styles with stigmas of a self-compatible cultivar, `Erdi Botermo'. Deduced amino acid sequence from the cDNA clone contained two active sites of T2/S type RNases and five conserved regions of rosaceous S-RNases. In order to determine the inheritance of self-incompatibility and S-allele diversity in Sour Cherry, we conducted genomic DNA blot analysis for Sour Cherry germplasm collections and mapping populations in MSU using the cDNA as a probe. To date, it appears as if self-compatibility in Sour Cherry is not simply controlled by a self-fertile allele as demonstrated in other Prunus species.
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466 Floral Cold Acclimation in Strawberry and Sour Cherry
HortScience, 1999Co-Authors: Christopher L. Owens, James F. Hancock, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Sour Cherry and strawberry are examples of two Rosaceous species that often suffer crop reductions due to spring freezes. Breeding for improved floral freezing tolerance has the potential to mitigate the susceptibility of these plants to spring frosts. In model plant systems, researchers have been able to identify genes that play a role in freezing tolerance by initially searching for mRNAs regulated in response to cold temperatures. To search for cold-responsive freezing-tolerance genes in strawberry and Sour Cherry, it is necessary to first define their cold acclimation response. To test the hypothesis that Sour Cherry and strawberry flowers have the ability to cold acclimate, blooming plants were exposed to 4 °C and 16 h light for 14 days. Sour Cherry styles and strawberry receptacles from open, fully developed flowers were excised, and electrolyte leakage curves were generated over a range of subzero temperatures. The temperature at which 50% electrolyte leakage (EL50) occurred was used to compare treatments. The flowers of two strawberry cultivars were tested for the ability to cold acclimate. Non-acclimated `Chandler' receptacles had an EL50 of -2.9 °C, while non-acclimated `Honeoye' had an EL50 of -3.4 °C. Conversely, acclimated `Chandler' receptacles had an EL50 of -7.7 and acclimated `Honeoye' receptacles had an EL50 of -8.7 °C, both are significantly different from non-acclimated values (P ≤ 0.01). Additionally, Sour Cherry styles were collected from the field at full bloom from a mapping population of 86 individuals from the cross `Rheinische Schattenmorelle' × `Erdi Botermo' and acclimated as previously described. The EL50 of the 86 progeny ranged from approximately -2.0 to -6.0 °C.
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allozyme inheritance in tetraploid Sour Cherry prunus cerasus l
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1993Co-Authors: J A Beaver, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Inheritance for seven enzyme loci was determined in seeds produced from crosses and self-pollinations involving four Sour Cherry parents and one open-pollinated ground Cherry (P. fruticosa Pall.) parent. Segregation data were used to identify allozymes and determine whether Sour Cherry is a naturally occurring allo- or autotetraploid. Three allozymes were identified at the 6-Pgd-1 locus, and two were identified at each of the following loci: Pgi-2, Lap-1, Adh-1, Idh-2, Pgm- 2, and 6-Pgd-2. Segregating allozyme patterns for the diagnostic loci Idh-2, Pgm-2, 6-Pgd-1, and 6-Pgd-2 tit disomic inheritance models and thus confirmed the allotetraploid hypothesis for Sour Cherry. Chi-square tests of independence between loci indicated that Pgi-2, Adh-1, Idh-2, 6-Pgd-1, and 6-Pgd-2 were not linked. Sour Cherry (2n = 4x = 32) is a tetraploid, with P. avium L. (sweet Cherry, 2n = 2x = 16) and P. fruticosa Pall. (ground Cherry, 2n = 4x = 32) proposed as its progenitor species (Olden and Nybom, 1968). The distributions of these three species overlap in southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (Hedrick, 1915). It remains unclear whether Sour Cherry is an allotetraploid or an autotetraploid. In support of an allotetraploid origin, Olden and Nybom (1968) hybridized ground Cherry with several cultivars of sweet Cherry and produced interspecific hybrids that were mor- phologically and chemotaxonomically intermediate to the parents and strikingly similar to Sour Cherry. Sour Cherry germplasm in the Michigan State Univ. collection exhibits a range in morphology from ground Cherry to sweet Cherry as demonstrated by principal component analysis (Hillig and Iezzoni, 1988). Other authors have suggested that Sour Cherry is an autotetra- ploid (Raptopoulus, 1941) or a segmental allotetraploid (Galletta, 1959) based on cytogenetic criteria. If Sour Cherry is an allotetra- ploid, meiosis I should result in the formation of 16 bivalents. Often, only 14 to 15 bivalents and two to four univalents are observed. Quadrivalents also occur at a low frequency (Galletta, 1959; Hruby, 1939). Although cytological evidence is useful for understanding polyploidy, meiotic chromosomal configurations cannot be used as the sole criterion to determine polyploid type because both allo- and autotetraploids may exhibit regular bivalent pairing and a lack of multivalent formation (Krebs and Hancock, 1989; Soltis and Rieseberg, 1986).
Audrey Sebolt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of bloom date QTLs and haplotype analysis in tetraploid Sour Cherry ( Prunus cerasus )
Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2018Co-Authors: Audrey Sebolt, Chaozhi Zheng, Marco C. A. M. BinkAbstract:Bloom date is an important production trait in Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) as the risk of crop loss to floral freeze injury increases with early bloom time. Knowledge of the major loci controlling bloom date would enable breeders to design crosses and select seedlings with late bloom date. As Sour Cherry is a segmental allotetraploid, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for bloom date was performed based on haplotype reconstruction by identifying the parental origins of marker alleles in Sour Cherry. A total of 338 Sour Cherry individuals from five F1 populations were genotyped using the Cherry 6K Illumina Infinium® SNP array and phenotyped for bloom date in 3 years. A total of four QTLs were identified on linkage group (G)1, G2, G4, and G5, respectively. For these QTLs, 14 haplotypes constructed for the QTL regions were significantly associated with bloom date, accounting for 10.1–27.9% of the bloom date variation within individual populations. The three most significant haplotypes, which were identified for the G4 (G4-k), G2 (G2-j), and G1 (G1-c) QTLs, were associated with 2.8, 1.8, and 1.0 days bloom delay, respectively. These three haplotypes were also demonstrated to have additive effects on delaying bloom date for both individual and multiple QTLs. These results demonstrate that bloom date is under polygenic control in Sour Cherry; yet, pyramiding late blooming haplotypes for single and multiple QTLs would be an effective strategy to obtain later blooming offspring.
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A DNA test for fruit flesh color in tetraploid Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Molecular Breeding, 2015Co-Authors: Travis Stegmeir, Lichun Cai, Audrey Sebolt, Fransiska R. A. Basundari, Amy F IezzoniAbstract:Fruit flesh color in tetraploid Sour Cherry ( Prunus cerasus ) is an important market-driven trait in the USA where the fruit from the dominant cultivar has brilliant red skin but clear/yellow flesh. This brilliant red color in the processed products differentiates products from Sour cherries grown in the USA compared to those in Europe where the cultivars predominantly have dark purple-red flesh. In sweet Cherry ( P. avium ), red skin and flesh colors were shown to be controlled by a major MYB10 -associated locus. Sour Cherry, which is derived from sweet Cherry and ground Cherry ( P. fruticosa ), also exhibits a range of flesh colors, but the genetic control of flesh color is not known. Our objectives were to test the hypothesis that the MYB10 locus controls flesh color in Sour Cherry and develop a predictive DNA test for dark purple-red flesh color. Pedigree-linked Sour Cherry plant materials were phenotyped for flesh color. Thirteen haplotypes for the Sour Cherry MYB10 region were distinguished based on markers scored from the use of the Cherry 6K Infinium^® II SNP array. Six haplotypes were significantly associated with variation in flesh color, supporting a role for MYB10 in controlling flesh color variation in Sour Cherry. A simple sequence repeat primer pair, designed from the peach genome sequence near MYB10 , amplified a fragment that uniquely identified the haplotype that was associated with the darkest purple-red flesh color. This marker can be used for marker-assisted breeding to identify individuals that are predicted to have dark purple-red flesh.
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development and evaluation of a genome wide 6k snp array for diploid sweet Cherry and tetraploid Sour Cherry
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Cameron Peace, Travis Stegmeir, Umesh Rosyara, Dorrie Main, Audrey Sebolt, Nahla V Bassil, Stephen P Ficklin, Barbara Gilmore, Cindy Lawley, Todd C MocklerAbstract:High-throughput genome scans are important tools for genetic studies and breeding applications. Here, a 6K SNP array for use with the Illumina Infinium® system was developed for diploid sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) and allotetraploid Sour Cherry (P. cerasus). This effort was led by RosBREED, a community initiative to enable marker-assisted breeding for rosaceous crops. Next-generation sequencing in diverse breeding germplasm provided 25 billion basepairs (Gb) of Cherry DNA sequence from which were identified genome-wide SNPs for sweet Cherry and for the two Sour Cherry subgenomes derived from sweet Cherry (avium subgenome) and P. fruticosa (fruticosa subgenome). Anchoring to the peach genome sequence, recently released by the International Peach Genome Initiative, predicted relative physical locations of the 1.9 million putative SNPs detected, preliminarily filtered to 368,943 SNPs. Further filtering was guided by results of a 144-SNP subset examined with the Illumina GoldenGate® assay on 160 accessions. A 6K Infinium® II array was designed with SNPs evenly spaced genetically across the sweet and Sour Cherry genomes. SNPs were developed for each Sour Cherry subgenome by using minor allele frequency in the Sour Cherry detection panel to enrich for subgenome-specific SNPs followed by targeting to either subgenome according to alleles observed in sweet Cherry. The array was evaluated using panels of sweet (n = 269) and Sour (n = 330) Cherry breeding germplasm. Approximately one third of array SNPs were informative for each crop. A total of 1825 polymorphic SNPs were verified in sweet Cherry, 13% of these originally developed for Sour Cherry. Allele dosage was resolved for 2058 polymorphic SNPs in Sour Cherry, one third of these being originally developed for sweet Cherry. This publicly available genomics reSource represents a significant advance in Cherry genome-scanning capability that will accelerate marker-locus-trait association discovery, genome structure investigation, and genetic diversity assessment in this diploid-tetraploid crop group.
Cavit Bircan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sour Cherry by products compositions functional properties and recovery potentials a review
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Fatih Mehmet Yılmaz, Ahmet Görgüç, Mehmet Karaaslan, Hasan Vardin, Seda Ersus Bilek, Özge Uygun, Cavit BircanAbstract:Sour (tart) Cherry is an industrial fruit where a considerable amount of by-products remain after processing. Sour Cherry by-products consist of pomace (skin and flesh) and seeds (pit, stone) which remain after the fruit juice and IQF processes. Sour Cherry pomace is characterized with a high content of phenolic compounds and the seed constitutes a high oil yield with beneficial effects on human health because of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. There has been a great interest in Sour Cherry by-products due to the increasing production rate of Sour Cherry worldwide and the increasing efforts on seeking bioactive compounds from natural Sources as functional food. Thus, there have been a number of studies regarding the Sour Cherry pomace and Sour Cherry seed, especially in the last five years. The present review summarizes the chemical, biological, functional, and technological properties of the Sour Cherry pomace and Sour Cherry seed with their current and potential applications.
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Sour Cherry By-products: Compositions, Functional Properties and Recovery Potentials – A Review
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2018Co-Authors: Fatih Mehmet Yılmaz, Ahmet Görgüç, Mehmet Karaaslan, Hasan Vardin, Seda Ersus Bilek, Özge Uygun, Cavit BircanAbstract:Sour (tart) Cherry is an industrial fruit where a considerable amount of by-products remain after processing. Sour Cherry by-products consist of pomace (skin and flesh) and seeds (pit, stone) which remain after the fruit juice and IQF processes. Sour Cherry pomace is characterized with a high content of phenolic compounds and the seed constitutes a high oil yield with beneficial effects on human health because of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. There has been a great interest in Sour Cherry by-products due to the increasing production rate of Sour Cherry worldwide and the increasing efforts on seeking bioactive compounds from natural Sources as functional food. Thus, there have been a number of studies regarding the Sour Cherry pomace and Sour Cherry seed, especially in the last five years. The present review summarizes the chemical, biological, functional, and technological properties of the Sour Cherry pomace and Sour Cherry seed with their current and potential applications.
Jules Beekwilder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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industrial processing effects on phenolic compounds in Sour Cherry prunus cerasus l fruit
Food Research International, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Maria Victoria Gomez Roldan, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:The processed juice (or nectar) of the Sour Cherry, Prunus cerasus L., is widely consumed in the Balkan region and Turkey. Sour Cherry is known to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins and procyanidins. In this work, the effects of processing of Sour Cherry fruit to nectar on polyphenolic compounds was studied. From a Turkish industrial nectar production factory, five fruit batches were sampled during the processing from fruit to nectar, and for each batch 22 sampling points in the process were investigated. Untargeted LC–MS analysis revealed 193 compounds in Sour Cherry, of which 38 could be putatively identified. Only seven compounds were affected by the process from fruit to nectar, among which were five phenolic compounds. Waste residues such as press cake contained hardly any anthocyanins, while 87% of the major fruit anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-(2G-glucosylrutinoside), was found in the final nectar. In contrast, procyanidins showed a lower recovery (62%), and were still well represented in the discarded press cake. In comparison with other fruit juices, the recovery of anthocyanins in Sour Cherry nectar is remarkably high.
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changes in Sour Cherry prunus cerasus l antioxidants during nectar processing and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Journal of Functional Foods, 2013Co-Authors: Gamze Toydemir, Esra Capanoglu, Ric C H De Vos, Dilek Boyacioglu, Robert Hall, Senem Kamiloglu, Jules BeekwilderAbstract:Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is rich in polyphenols, and like its processed products, is especially rich in anthocyanins. We have applied HPLC, spectrophotometric and on-line antioxidant detection methods to follow the fate of Cherry antioxidants during an entire multi-step industrial-scale processing strategy. This was performed for 22 sampling points, with five independent repeats from a commercial Cherry nectar production process. Anthocyanins contributed to >50% of the total antioxidant capacity of the samples. An in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion system was used to investigate serum availability of antioxidants. In this system anthocyanin bioavailability was much higher in the processed nectar than in the fresh fruit. Together these results indicate that processed Sour Cherry nectar is a rich Source of stable antioxidants with high bioavailability, auguring well for the potential health-promoting capacity of Sour Cherry products.
M.p. Gómez-serranillos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) juice protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neurotoxicity by modulating the antioxidant response
Journal of Functional Foods, 2018Co-Authors: Guillermo Cásedas, Carine Smith, Víctor López, Elena González-burgos, M.p. Gómez-serranillosAbstract:Abstract Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) juice is a relevant Source of polyphenols and antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism of action of Sour Cherry juice under oxidative stress conditions using hydrogen peroxide as neurotoxic agent in the SH-SY5Y cell line. Cells were pre-treated with the juice for 24 h followed by the exposure to 0.1 mM hydrogen peroxide for 30 min. Sour Cherry juice prevented cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity and from the increase of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, Sour Cherry juice restored the ratio GSH/GSSG as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase). Furthermore, the in vitro ORAC and FRAP assays confirmed the antiradical and reducing activity. These results demonstrate that Sour Cherry juice could be of interest for the prevention of oxidative stress-related pathologies in the central nervous system.
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Bioactive and functional properties of Sour Cherry juice (Prunus cerasus)
Food & function, 2016Co-Authors: Guillermo Cásedas, Francisco Les, M.p. Gómez-serranillos, Carine Smith, Víctor LópezAbstract:Sour Cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) is consumed as a nutritional supplement claiming health effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the different properties of Sour Cherry juice in terms of antioxidant activity and inhibition of target enzymes in the central nervous system and diabetes. The content of polyphenols and anthocyanins was quantified. Different experiments were carried out to determine the radical scavenging properties of the juice. The activity of Sour Cherry juice was also tested in physiological relevant enzymes of the central nervous system (acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase A, tyrosinase) and others involved in type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4). Sour Cherry juice showed significant antioxidant effects but the activity of the lyophilized juice was not superior to compounds such as ascorbic, gallic or chlorogenic acid. Furthermore, Sour Cherry juice and one of its main polyphenols known as chlorogenic acid were also able to inhibit monoamine oxidase A and tyrosinase as well as enzymes involved in diabetes. This is the first time that Sour Cherry juice is reported to inhibit monoamine oxidase A, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in a dose dependent manner, which may be of interest for human health and the prevention of certain diseases.
