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Corrado Tringali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antiproliferative terpenoids from almond hulls Prunus dulcis identification and structure activity relationships
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Vincenzo Amico, Vincenza Barresi, Daniele Filippo Condorelli, Carmela Spatafora, Corrado TringaliAbstract:Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc crude extract from Sicilian almond hulls, a waste material from Prunus dulcis crop, allowed identification of 10 constituents, isolated as pure compounds (1−5, 7, and 10) or unseparable mixtures (5 + 6 and 8 + 9). All compounds were subjected to spectroscopic analysis and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide bioassay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition to the main components oleanolic (1), ursolic (2), and betulinic (3) acids, the 2-hydroxy analogues alphitolic (4), corosolic (5), and maslinic (6) acids, as well as the related aldehydes, namely, betulinic (7), oleanolic (8), and ursolic (9), were identified. From a more polar fraction, the β-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (10) was also identified. A sample of commercially available betulin (11) was also included in bioassays as further support to a structure−activity relationship study. Betulinic acid showed antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7 cells (GI50 = 0.27 μM), higher than...
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antiproliferative terpenoids from almond hulls Prunus dulcis identification and structure activity relationships
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Vincenzo Amico, Vincenza Barresi, Daniele Filippo Condorelli, Carmela Spatafora, Corrado TringaliAbstract:Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc crude extract from Sicilian almond hulls, a waste material from Prunus dulcis crop, allowed identification of 10 constituents, isolated as pure compounds (1-5, 7, and 10) or unseparable mixtures (5 + 6 and 8 + 9). All compounds were subjected to spectroscopic analysis and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide bioassay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition to the main components oleanolic (1), ursolic (2), and betulinic (3) acids, the 2-hydroxy analogues alphitolic (4), corosolic (5), and maslinic (6) acids, as well as the related aldehydes, namely, betulinic (7), oleanolic (8), and ursolic (9), were identified. From a more polar fraction, the beta-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (10) was also identified. A sample of commercially available betulin (11) was also included in bioassays as further support to a structure-activity relationship study. Betulinic acid showed antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7 cells (GI50 = 0.27 microM), higher than the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil.
Federico Dicenta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inheritance of shell and kernel shape in almond Prunus dulcis
Scientia Horticulturae, 2019Co-Authors: Pedro J Martinezgarcia, Manuel Rubio, T Cremades, Federico DicentaAbstract:Abstract Shape of almond kernel has an important impact in the final commercial value. Elliptic shapes are more common while round shapes, ‘Marcona’ types, are scarce and very appreciated. In order to increase the efficiency of the breeding programs for specific shape is important to know the genetic control of this trait. In this work, heritability of length, width, thickness, roundness and globosity, of shell and kernel, was estimated by midparent-offspring regression (narrow sense, h2) and by variance components analysis (broad sense, H2) for three years, using full-sib and half-sib offsprings coming from four crosses designed only for this objective. Length and roundness of shell and kernel showed the highest heritability by both methods every year, being intermediate or very low for the other traits. Kernels were usually less rounded than their shells. Values near one of the ratio h2/H2 were observed for length and roundness, showing an absence of non-additive effects for these two traits. In general, a normal phenotypic distribution was observed for all the traits and certain transgressive segregation was observed in the descendants. The results confirmed the complex architecture of this trait transmitted quantitatively, where additive effects play the mayor role.
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dna methylation analysis of dormancy release in almond Prunus dulcis flower buds using epi genotyping by sequencing
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Angela S Prudencio, Federico Dicenta, Pedro J Martinezgarcia, Olaf Werner, Rosa M Ros, Pedro MartinezgomezAbstract:DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications have been described as epigenetic regulation mechanisms involved in developmental transitions in plants, including seasonal changes in fruit trees. In species like almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A: Webb), prolonged exposure to cold temperatures is required for dormancy release and flowering. Aiming to identify genomic regions with differential methylation states in response to chill accumulation, we carried out Illumina reduced-representation genome sequencing on bisulfite-treated DNA from floral buds. To do this, we analyzed almond genotypes with different chilling requirements and flowering times both before and after dormancy release for two consecutive years. The study was performed using epi-Genotyping by Sequencing (epi-GBS). A total of 7317 fragments were sequenced and the samples compared. Out of these fragments, 677 were identified as differentially methylated between the almond genotypes. Mapping these fragments using the Prunus persica (L.) Batsch v.2 genome as reference provided information about coding regions linked to early and late flowering methylation markers. Additionally, the methylation state of ten gene-coding sequences was found to be linked to the dormancy release process.
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synteny based development of caps markers linked to the sweet kernel locus controlling amygdalin accumulation in almond Prunus dulcis mill d a webb
Genes, 2018Co-Authors: Francesca Ricciardi, Federico Dicenta, Raquel Sanchezperez, Jorge Del Cueto, Nicoletta Bardaro, Rosa Mazzeo, Luigi Ricciardi, Stefano Pavan, Concetta LottiAbstract:The bitterness and toxicity of wild-type seeds of Prunoideae is due to the cyanogenic glucoside amygdalin. In cultivated almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb), a dominant mutation at the Sk locus prevents amygdalin accumulation and thus results in edible sweet kernels. Here, we exploited sequence similarity and synteny between the genomes of almond and peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) to identify cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) molecular markers linked to the Sk locus. A segregant F1 population was used to map these markers on the Sk genomic region, together with Sk-linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers previously described. Molecular fingerprinting of a cultivar collection indicated the possibility to use CAPS polymorphisms identified in this study in breeding programs arising from different parental combinations. Overall, we highlight a set of codominant markers useful for early selection of sweet kernel genotypes, an aspect of primary importance in almond breeding. In addition, by showing collinearity between the physical map of peach and the genetic map of almond with respect to the Sk genomic region, we provide valuable information for further marker development and Sk positional cloning.
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Monitoring Dormancy Transition in Almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) Webb] during Cold and Warm Mediterranean Seasons through the Analysis of a DAM (Dormancy-Associated MADS-Box) Gene
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Angela S Prudencio, Federico Dicenta, Pedro Martínez-gómezAbstract:For fruit tree (Prunus) species, flower bud dormancy completion determines the quality of bud break and the flowering time. In the present climate change and global warming context, the relationship between dormancy and flowering processes is a fundamental goal in molecular biology of these species. In almond [P. dulcis (Miller) Webb], flowering time is a trait of great interest in the development of new cultivars adapted to different climatic areas. Late flowering is related to a long dormancy period due to high chilling requirements of the cultivar. It is considered a quantitative and highly heritable character but a dominant gene (Late bloom, Lb) was also described. A major QTL (quantitative trait loci) in the linkage group (LG) 4 was associated with Lb, together with other three QTLs in LG1 and LG7. In addition, DAM (Dormancy-Associated MADS-Box) genes located in LG1 have been largely described as a gene family involved in bud dormancy in different Prunus species including peach [P. persica (L.) Batsch] and Japanese apricot (P. mume Sieb. et Zucc.). In this work, a DAM transcript was cloned and its expression was analysed by qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) in almond flower buds during the dormancy release. For this purpose two almond cultivars (‘Desmayo Largueta’ and ‘Penta’) with different chilling requirements and flowering time were used, and the study was performed along two years. The complete coding sequence, designated PdDAM6 (Prunus dulcis DAM6), was subjected to a phylogenetic analysis with homologous sequences from other Prunus species. Finally, expression dynamics analysed by using qPCR showed a continuous decrease in transcript levels for both cultivars and years during the period analysed. Monitoring almond flower bud dormancy through DAM expression should be used to improve almond production in different climate conditions
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differential protein expression in compatible and incompatible pollen pistil interactions in almond Prunus dulcis miller d a webb by 2d dige and hplc ms ms
Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Pedro J Martinezgarcia, Federico Dicenta, E M Gamez, Juan Casadovela, Felix Elortza, Encarnacion OrtegaAbstract:SummarySelf-incompatibility (SI) in almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A.Webb] is of the gametophytic-type and is controlled by the S-locus, which is highly polymorphic and includes two tightly-linked genes expressed in the pistil (as an SRNase) and in the pollen [as an S haplotype-specific F-box (SFB) protein]. Experimental evidence indicates that other proteins are also needed for the functioning of self-incompatibility. However, to date, S-RNase and SFB are the only components of the SI system identified in almond. Moreover, the cause(s) of a lack of S-RNase activity in selfcompatible almonds remain(s) unclear. This work aimed to identify the other proteins involved in the self- (in)compatible response in almond by comparative quantitative analysis of the differential expression of proteins following incompatible and compatible pollinations. Four self-incompatible almond cultivars were self-pollinated or cross-pollinated, and a homozygous self-compatible almond selection was self-pollinated. Proteins wer...
Vincenzo Amico - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antiproliferative terpenoids from almond hulls Prunus dulcis identification and structure activity relationships
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Vincenzo Amico, Vincenza Barresi, Daniele Filippo Condorelli, Carmela Spatafora, Corrado TringaliAbstract:Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc crude extract from Sicilian almond hulls, a waste material from Prunus dulcis crop, allowed identification of 10 constituents, isolated as pure compounds (1−5, 7, and 10) or unseparable mixtures (5 + 6 and 8 + 9). All compounds were subjected to spectroscopic analysis and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide bioassay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition to the main components oleanolic (1), ursolic (2), and betulinic (3) acids, the 2-hydroxy analogues alphitolic (4), corosolic (5), and maslinic (6) acids, as well as the related aldehydes, namely, betulinic (7), oleanolic (8), and ursolic (9), were identified. From a more polar fraction, the β-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (10) was also identified. A sample of commercially available betulin (11) was also included in bioassays as further support to a structure−activity relationship study. Betulinic acid showed antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7 cells (GI50 = 0.27 μM), higher than...
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antiproliferative terpenoids from almond hulls Prunus dulcis identification and structure activity relationships
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006Co-Authors: Vincenzo Amico, Vincenza Barresi, Daniele Filippo Condorelli, Carmela Spatafora, Corrado TringaliAbstract:Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOAc crude extract from Sicilian almond hulls, a waste material from Prunus dulcis crop, allowed identification of 10 constituents, isolated as pure compounds (1-5, 7, and 10) or unseparable mixtures (5 + 6 and 8 + 9). All compounds were subjected to spectroscopic analysis and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide bioassay on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In addition to the main components oleanolic (1), ursolic (2), and betulinic (3) acids, the 2-hydroxy analogues alphitolic (4), corosolic (5), and maslinic (6) acids, as well as the related aldehydes, namely, betulinic (7), oleanolic (8), and ursolic (9), were identified. From a more polar fraction, the beta-sitosterol 3-O-glucoside (10) was also identified. A sample of commercially available betulin (11) was also included in bioassays as further support to a structure-activity relationship study. Betulinic acid showed antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7 cells (GI50 = 0.27 microM), higher than the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil.
Eike Luedeling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chilling and heat requirements for local and foreign almond Prunus dulcis mill cultivars in a warm mediterranean location based on 30 years of phenology records
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017Co-Authors: Haifa Benmoussa, Mohamed Ghrab, Mehdi Ben Mimoun, Eike LuedelingAbstract:Abstract Most temperate fruit and nut trees require fulfillment of chilling and heat requirements during their dormant phase in order to flower regularly and produce economically satisfying yields. Recent and expected temperature increases are cause for concern for many orchard managers, especially in warm growing regions, because they may compromise the trees’ ability to fulfill their climatic needs. To explore temperature responses across different cultivars, we applied Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression to correlate bloom dates of 12 local and 25 foreign almond ( Prunus dulcis Mill.) cultivars in Sfax, Tunisia with daily chill and heat accumulation based on more than 30 years of phenology records from 1981 to 2014 and long-term daily minimum and maximum temperatures between 1973 and 2016. We used three chilling models (the Chilling Hours, Utah and Dynamic Models) and one forcing model (Growing Degree Hours; GDH) to quantify climatic needs. Chilling and forcing phases derived from the PLS outputs appeared discontinuous for all almond cultivars and were shorter for the local almond cultivars than for the foreign cultivars. The Dynamic Model provided the most precise estimates of chilling requirements but still appeared to have some shortcomings. According to the Chilling Hours Model, chilling needs were very low, but still higher than for the Utah Model, where the negative chill contributions by high temperatures implied negative chilling requirements. The Chilling Hours and Utah Models therefore do not seem suitable for the climate of the Sfax region. For local almond cultivars, chilling requirements were estimated at between 3.4 and 15.5 Chill Portions (CP) and heat needs between 3962 and 8873 GDH. For foreign cultivars, chilling requirements varied from 6.7 to 22.6 CP and heat needs from 2894 to 10,504 GDH. High temperatures during the chilling phase showed a significant bloom-delaying effect on most of the local and the foreign almond cultivars.
Celal Duran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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kinetics and isotherm analysis of basic dyes adsorption onto almond shell Prunus dulcis as a low cost adsorbent
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2011Co-Authors: Celal Duran, Duygu Ozdes, Ali Gundogdu, Hasan Basri SenturkAbstract:The feasibility of using an agricultural byproduct, almond shell (Prunus dulcis), as an adsorbent in removal of basic dyes, namely, methylene blue (MB), methyl violet (MV), and toluidine blue O (TB), were evaluated in a batch adsorption process. The adsorption characteristics of MB, MV, and TB onto almond shell (AS) were investigated with respect to the changes in initial pH of dye solutions, contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The dye adsorption equilibria were rapidly attained after 30 min of contact time. The adsorption kinetics were analyzed using pseudofirst-order, pseudosecond-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models and the adsorption data were well described by the pseudosecond-order model. The equilibrium adsorption data were interpreted in terms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin−Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The monolayer adsorption capacity of AS was found to be 51.02 mg·g−1 for MB, 76.34 mg·g−1 for MV, and 72.99 mg·g−1 for TB by using the La...
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biosorption of rhodamine 6g from aqueous solutions onto almond shell Prunus dulcis as a low cost biosorbent
Desalination, 2010Co-Authors: Hasan Basri Senturk, Duygu Ozdes, Celal DuranAbstract:Abstract This work presents an alternative methodology for removal of a dyestuff, Rhodamine 6G (R6G), from aqueous solutions by using a new biosorbent, almond shell ( Prunus dulcis ), in a batch biosorption technique. The characterization of the biosorbent was performed by using FTIR and SEM techniques. The biosorption characteristics of R6G onto almond shell (AS) was investigated with respect to the changes in initial pH of dye solutions, contact time, initial R6G concentration, AS concentration, temperature etc. The influences of ionic strength on the biosorption process were also investigated. The biosorption kinetics was followed by pseudo-second-order model for all investigated initial R6G concentrations. Experimental data showed a good fit with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The monolayer biosorption capacity of AS was found to be 32.6 mg g − 1 by using Langmuir model equations. Thermodynamic parameters including the Gibbs free energy (∆ G o), enthalpy (∆ H o), and entropy (∆ S o) changes indicated that the biosorption of R6G onto AS was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in the temperature range of 0–40 °C.
