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Helmut Rauleder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Erstnachweis der räuberischen Gallmücke Lestodiplosis diaspidis (Kieffer, 1910) (Nematocera: Cecidomyiidae) als Prädator der Maulbeerschildlaus Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in Deutschland
Erwerbs-Obstbau, 2016Co-Authors: Helmut Rauleder, Klaus Schrameyer, Olaf ZimmermannAbstract:In 2015 within an initial test for the biological regulation of the White Scale (Diaspididae: Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona ) in a fruit orchard near house gardens in Pfinztal-Soellingen near Karlsruhe on heavily infested mulberry ( Morus nigrum ) a predatory gall midge Lestodiplosis diaspidis (Kieffer, 1910) (Nematocera: Cecidomyiidae) has been detected. This is the first record of this beneficial species for Germany. The importance of this gall midge as an antagonist of White Scale should be investigated in further studies. Im Jahr 2015 wurde bei einem Tastversuch zur biologischen Regulierung der Maulbeerschildlaus (Diaspididae : Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona ) in einem an einen Obstbaubetrieb angeschlossenen Hausgarten in Pfinztal-Söllingen nahe Karlsruhe an einem mit Maulbeerschildläusen stark befallenem Maulbeerbaum ( Morus nigrum ) eine räuberisch lebende Gallmücke der Art Lestodiplosis diaspidis (Kieffer, 1910) (Nematocera: Cecidomyiidae) als räuberischer Gegenspieler der Maulbeerschildlaus nachgewiesen. Der Fund dieses Nützlings ist ein Erstnachweis für Deutschland. Die Bedeutung der nachgewiesenen Gallmücken als Gegenspieler der Maulbeerschildlaus sollte in weiteren Untersuchungen geklärt werden.
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Erstnachweis der räuberischen Gallmücke Lestodiplosis diaspidis (Kieffer, 1910) (Nematocera: Cecidomyiidae) als Prädator der Maulbeerschildlaus Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in Deutschland
Erwerbs-obstbau, 2016Co-Authors: Helmut Rauleder, Klaus Schrameyer, Olaf ZimmermannAbstract:Im Jahr 2015 wurde bei einem Tastversuch zur biologischen Regulierung der Maulbeerschildlaus (Diaspididae: Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona) in einem an einen Obstbaubetrieb angeschlossenen Hausgarten in Pfinztal-Sollingen nahe Karlsruhe an einem mit Maulbeerschildlausen stark befallenem Maulbeerbaum (Morus nigrum) eine rauberisch lebende Gallmucke der Art Lestodiplosis diaspidis (Kieffer, 1910) (Nematocera: Cecidomyiidae) als rauberischer Gegenspieler der Maulbeerschildlaus nachgewiesen. Der Fund dieses Nutzlings ist ein Erstnachweis fur Deutschland. Die Bedeutung der nachgewiesenen Gallmucken als Gegenspieler der Maulbeerschildlaus sollte in weiteren Untersuchungen geklart werden.
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Antagonisten und Prädatoren der Maulbeerschildlaus Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in Baden-Württemberg
Erwerbs-Obstbau, 2011Co-Authors: Helmut RaulederAbstract:Die Erhebungen zur Antagonisten Fauna der Maulbeerschildlaus ( Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona, Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) wurden 2009 bis 2010 in der Obstanlage des Lehr- und Versuchsbetriebes für Obstbau am Landwirtschaftlichem Technologiezentrum Augustenberg (LTZ) an Pfirsich und Süßkirsche sowie 2010 an vier weiteren Standorten an roter und schwarzer Johannisbeere in Baden-Württemberg durchgeführt. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchungen stand die Ermittlung der Nützlingsfauna und der Parasitierungsrate der Maulbeerschildlaus in befallenen Erwerbsobstanlagen mittels Fotoeklektoren, die im Labor mit befallenen Astproben der verschiedenen Wirtspflanzen versehen wurden. Weiterhin wurden im Freiland (LTZ) Beobachtungen zu Prädatoren des Schädlings durchgeführt. Es wurden zwei Zehrwespenarten ( Aphytis diaspidis ; Howard, 1881 und Encarsia berlesei ; Howard, 1906; Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae ) nachgewiesen, wobei an den meisten Standorten A. diaspidis dominierte. Die Parasitierungsraten durch beide Arten schwankten zwischen 1,9 und 23,0 %. Als Prädator wurde der Nierenfleckige Kugel-/Marienkäfer ( Chilocorus renipustulatus , Scriba, 1790) beobachtet. Antagonists of the white scale ( Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona, Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) were determined from peaches and sweet cherries as host plant at the orchards of the Centre for Agriculture and Technology Augustenberg (LTZ) in 2009 and 2010 as well as from four other commercial red and black currant orchards in Baden-Wuerttemberg in 2010. The study focused mainly on the parasitoid species of P. Pentagona as well as the rate of parasitism of white scale caused by these parasitoids using emergence traps with invested branch samples of the different host plants in the laboratory. Beside the parasitoids, possible predators of the white scale were observed in the field in 2010 at the orchard of the LTZ. The two parasitic wasp species Aphytis diaspidis and Encarsia berlesei (Howard, 1881 and 1906) were determined as parasitoids of the white scale, whereas A. diaspidis was dominant at most sites. Rate of parasitism caused by both species ranged from 1.9 to 23.0%. The Kidney-Spot Ladybird Beetle ( Chilocorus renipustulatus, Scriba, 1790) could be observed as a predator of the white scale in the field.
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Antagonisten und Prädatoren der Maulbeerschildlaus Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in Baden-Württemberg
Erwerbs-obstbau, 2011Co-Authors: Helmut RaulederAbstract:Die Erhebungen zur Antagonisten Fauna der Maulbeerschildlaus (Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona, Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) wurden 2009 bis 2010 in der Obstanlage des Lehr- und Versuchsbetriebes fur Obstbau am Landwirtschaftlichem Technologiezentrum Augustenberg (LTZ) an Pfirsich und Suskirsche sowie 2010 an vier weiteren Standorten an roter und schwarzer Johannisbeere in Baden-Wurttemberg durchgefuhrt. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchungen stand die Ermittlung der Nutzlingsfauna und der Parasitierungsrate der Maulbeerschildlaus in befallenen Erwerbsobstanlagen mittels Fotoeklektoren, die im Labor mit befallenen Astproben der verschiedenen Wirtspflanzen versehen wurden. Weiterhin wurden im Freiland (LTZ) Beobachtungen zu Pradatoren des Schadlings durchgefuhrt. Es wurden zwei Zehrwespenarten (Aphytis diaspidis; Howard, 1881 und Encarsia berlesei; Howard, 1906; Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) nachgewiesen, wobei an den meisten Standorten A. diaspidis dominierte. Die Parasitierungsraten durch beide Arten schwankten zwischen 1,9 und 23,0 %. Als Pradator wurde der Nierenfleckige Kugel-/Marienkafer (Chilocorus renipustulatus, Scriba, 1790) beobachtet.
Habib Abbasipour - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seasonal population fluctuations of white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Hemimptera: Diaspididae) and its parasitation in kiwi orchards of northern Iran
Biologia, 2019Co-Authors: A.h. Toorani, Habib Abbasipour, Jaber Karimi, Alireza AskarianzadehAbstract:The economic importance of white peach scale (WPS) Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886 (Diaspididae: Hemiptera) is ascribed to its high reproductive potential. The number of generations per year varies in different places of the world. Seasonal population fluctuations of different life stages of WPS were studied from April 30, 2015, to April 29, 2017, on kiwi fruit trees in the Mazandaran province of Iran. In the first year the total population of P. Pentagona had five peaks: April, June, August, October, and November. In the second year, the total population of P. Pentagona had four peaks: May, August, October and November. The pre-adult stages had four high infestation periods in May, July, August, and October in the first season and also in the second year occurred on May, Jun, September and October. The gravid females began to appear and laying of eggs started from late March in both years. The maximum period of infestation was reached during May. Significant differences were observed among samples in different directions of the tree and most pests were found in the South. The rate of parasitization also varied with the month from 12 to 84% on branches of kiwi fruits. The highest percentage of the parasitation was observed in North and West. Thus, the present results may help in planning a successful control program of WPS on kiwi fruit trees in the Mazandaran province of Iran.
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Biodiversity and population fluctuations of parasitoids of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), in kiwifruit orchards in Northern Iran
Hellenic Plant Protection Journal, 2019Co-Authors: A.h. Toorani, Habib Abbasipour, L. Dehghan-dehnaviAbstract:Summary The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is one of the most important and destructive polyphagous pests of the Rosaceae family trees. Population fluctuations and biodiversity of the hymenopteran parasitoid species associated with the pest were studied in six kiwi orchards in Iran, during one-year period. Parasitoid species abundance, species diversity indices and evenness indices were calculated. Most of the parasitoid species were dominant or eudominant. Based on the alpha diversity indices, the Najarkola region had high diversity and the Kharatkola region had low diversity. The Paeendasteh region (based on Simpson’s Diversity on Camargo evenness indices) and the Samnakola region (based on the modified Nee, and on Smith and Wilson evenness indices) were less uniform. Among the recorded parasitoids, Encarsia berlesei Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), followed by Aphytis proclia Walker (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), had the highest population in all orchards.
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Developmental Time and Fecundity of White Peach Scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), on Potato, Kiwi and Mulberry Hosts in Iran
2014Co-Authors: Habib AbbasipourAbstract:Abstract: The white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), is a world wide polyphagous scale insect. It is widely distributed in north of Iran, near the Caspian Sea areas, where it is the main pest of mulberry and kiwi trees. The development and fecundity of P. Pentagona were examined at different temperatures and on different hosts in the laboratory. The longevity of WPS decreased with a rise in temperature. At 25°C the largest number of crawlers (76.1 crawlers/female) was observed. The development time of WPS was generally longer on kiwi than mulberry or potato; fecundity was higher on potato than on other hosts, potato tubers and kiwi trees
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Developmental Time and Fecundity of White Peach Scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), on Potato, Kiwi and Mulberry Hosts in Iran
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2007Co-Authors: Habib AbbasipourAbstract:The white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), is a world wide polyphagous scale insect. It is widely distributed in north of Iran, near the Caspian Sea areas, where it is the main pest of mulberry and kiwi trees. The development and fecundity of P. Pentagona were examined at different temperatures and on different hosts in the laboratory. The longevity of WPS decreased with a rise in temperature. At 25 degrees C the largest number of crawlers (76.1 crawlers/female) was observed. The development time of WPS was generally longer on kiwi than mulberry or potato; fecundity was higher on potato than on other hosts, potato tubers and kiwi trees.
Nedim Uygun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The distribution, host plants and natural enemies of white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), in Ankara province.
2016Co-Authors: Ehab Mohammed Ahmed Mahmood Mohammed, Selma Ülgentürk, Nedim Uygun, Antonio Pietro Garonna, Ferenc Szenkirály, Meral Fent, Mohammed HayatAbstract:The distribution, host plants, and natural enemies of the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), were investigated in 25 districts of Ankara Province, Turkey, during 2013-2015. Thirteen districts were infested with harmful white peach scale; infestation was most common in parks, roadsides, private and institution gardens in centrum and old silkroad parts of Ankara. Twenty-two host plant species were found in these 13 districts, five of which (Aesculus carnea, Hibiscus sp., Paulownia tomentosa, Rhus thyphina and Salix babylonica) had not previously been recorded as host plants in Turkey. Some host plant species, including Catalpa bignonioides, Cornus alba, Fraxinus americana, F. excelsior, Forsythia intermedia, Morus alba, M. nigra and Sophora japonica, were found to be very highly infested. Five species of predators and three species of parasitoids were associated with white peach scale. Orius minutus L., Chrysoperla pallida (Henry et al.) are new record as predator of P. Pentagona in World and Epitetracnemus comis Noyes &Ren Hui are first time record in Turkey
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Effect of three diaspididae prey species on development and fecundity of the ladybeetle Chilocorus bipustulatus in the laboratory
Biocontrol, 1998Co-Authors: Nedim Uygun, N.z. ElekçioğluAbstract:The purpose of this investigation was to determine the most suitable prey for the development and fecundity of the predatory coccinellid, Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) on three different diaspidid species: Aspidiotus nerii Bouche, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), and Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti). Life tables were constructed at constant 25°C and the developmental time, longevity, fecundity, and the sex ratio were determined. Individuals fed with A. nerii displayed the shortest larval and pupal developmental time (26.0 days), lowest immature mortality rate (16.6%), highest net reproduction rate (264.7 females/ female), shortest generation time (72.9 days), and the highest intrinsic rate of increase (0.077 females/female/day). The results showed that under laboratory conditions C. bipustulatus developed best on A. nerii.
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Studies on the effects of some pesticides on white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targ.-Tozz.) (Homoptera: Diaspidae) and its side-effects on two common scale insect predators
Crop Protection, 1997Co-Authors: L.bakircioğlu Erkiliç, Nedim UygunAbstract:Abstract Studies were carried out on chemical control of white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targ.-Tozz.) (Hom.: Diaspidae), the main pest of peach in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey in 1992 and 1993. The effectiveness of two insect growth regulators, summer oil, methidathion, and summer oil + a reduced dosage of methidathion were evaluated under field conditions. The side-effects of the same pesticides on the predators Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) (Col.: Coccinellidae) and Cybocephalus fodori minor (Endrody-Younga) (Col.: Cybocephalidae) were examined under laboratory conditions. Buprofezin gave sufficient control of WPS in the field experiments and had only limited side-effects on WPS-predators in the laboratory. Moderate WPS-populations were successfully controlled by fenoxycarb and summer oil. The side-effects of these pesticides were comparable to those of buprofezin. Methidathion with and without summer oil is able to suppress WPS-populations, but should not be used in integrated pest management programmes because of high toxicity towards WPS predators.
L. B. Erkiliç - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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scale insect biology and behaviour poster abstract observations on the population development of Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona hemiptera coccoidea diaspididae under semi field conditions in the east mediterranean region of turkey
Entomologica, 2016Co-Authors: L. B. Erkiliç, N. UygunAbstract:Populations of Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) were observed on naturally infested young peach trees (cv. ‘June Gold’), kept in 2x2x2m cages covered in cheese cloth under semi-field conditions. Overwintering adult females were marked (1x2.5cm) on the plants with special glue (Tangle Trap). Both the number of crawlers produced by each female and the duration of each development stage were recorded. In each generation, 35 females were observed. P. Pentagona had four generations a year and the first crawlers appeared from overwintered females at the beginning of April. The first generation was completed in May, the second in July, the third in August and the fourth in September. The duration of each generation was found to vary significantly in relation to temperature, with the first generation taking the longest (71.6 days) and the second generation the shortest (61.2 days). The number of crawlers produced by each generation was also found to vary significantly. The greatest number of crawlers (99.4 crawlers per female) was produced by the overwintering females and the lowest number of crawlers (17.9 crawlers per female) by the fourth generation.
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Development time and fecundity of the white peach scale,Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona, in Turkey
Phytoparasitica, 1997Co-Authors: L. B. Erkiliç, N. UygunAbstract:The white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), is a worldwide polyphagous scale insect. It is widely distributed in Turkey, where it is the main pest of peach trees. The development and fecundity of P. Pentagona were examined at different temperatures and on different hosts in the laboratory; from these data, life tables were constructed and intrinsic rates of increase were calculated. The longevity of WPS decreased with a rise in temperature. At 25°C the largest number of crawlers (76.1 crawlers/female) was observed. The development time of WPS was generally longer on peach than on squash or potato; fecundity was higher on potato than on the other hosts, potato tubers and peach trees.
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Studies on the effects of some pesticides on white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targ-Tozz) (Homoptera: Diaspidae) and its side-effects on two common scale insect predators
'Elsevier BV', 1997Co-Authors: L. B. Erkiliç, Uygun NAbstract:WOS: A1997WB30500010Studies were carried out On chemical control of white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targ.-Tozz.) (Hem.: Diaspidae), the main pest of peach in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey in 1992 and 1993. The effectiveness of two insect growth regulators, summer oil, methidathion, and summer oil + a reduced dosage of methidathion were evaluated under field conditions. The side-effects of the same pesticides on the predators Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) (Col.: Coccinellidae) and Cybocephalus fodori minor (Endrody-Younga) (Col.: Cybocephalidae) were examined under laboratory conditions. Buprofezin gave sufficient control of WPS in the field experiments and had only limited side-effects on WPS-predators in the laboratory. Moderate WPS-populations were successfully controlled by fenoxycarb and summer oil. The side-effects of these pesticides were comparable to those of buprofezin. Methidathion with and without summer oil is able to suppress WPS-populations, but should not be used in integrated pest management programmes because of high toxicity towards WPS predators. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd
Kreiter Philippe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Une méthode d'élevage et de lâcher d'Encarsia berlesei (Howard) (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) parasitoïde de Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti (Hemiptera, Diaspididae)
PERSÉE : Université de Lyon CNRS & ENS de Lyon, 2002Co-Authors: Kreiter Philippe, Thaon Marcel, Clisson Sébastien, Lagadec Michel, Dijoux Laurence, Navarro EricAbstract:Method of breading and release of Encarsia berlesei Howard (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) parasitoid of Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona Targioni-Tozzeti (Hemiptera, Diaspidae). A rearing method of Encarsia berlesei is proposed to control the White Peach Scale Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona in peach orchards and a method to improve the period of the release of this parasitoid.Une méthode d'élevage et de lâcher d'Encarsia berlesei est proposée afin de lutter contre la cochenille blanche du mûrier en verger de pêcher.Kreiter Philippe, Thaon Marcel, Clisson Sébastien, Lagadec Michel, Dijoux Laurence, Navarro Eric. Une méthode d'élevage et de lâcher d'Encarsia berlesei (Howard) (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) parasitoïde de Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti (Hemiptera, Diaspididae). In: Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 71ᵉ année, n°5, mai 2002. pp. 222-228
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La cochenille blanche du mûrier, principal ravageur des cassissiers en Région Rhône-Alpes
PERSÉE : Université de Lyon CNRS & ENS de Lyon, 2002Co-Authors: Kreiter Philippe, Coquelet C., Thaon MarcelAbstract:White Peach Scale : main pest of blackcurrant-bush of the Rhône-Alpes Region Important damages are involved by Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona on blackcurrant bush in Isère country .The list of natural enemies is recorded. In spite of the presence of parasitoïds, their efficiency seems limited.Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona provoque d'importants dégâts sur cassissier en Isère. Un inventaire des ennemis naturels a été dressé. Bien que l'on constate la présence de parasitoïdes, leur efficacité semble limitée.Kreiter Philippe, Coquelet C., Thaon Marcel. La cochenille blanche du mûrier, principal ravageur des cassissiers en Région Rhône-Alpes. In: Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 71ᵉ année, n°6, juin 2002. pp. 251-252
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Tentative d'introduction dans les Alpes-Matitimes de la souche réunionnaise d'Arrhenophagus chionaspidis (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) pour lutter contre la Cochenille blanche du mûrier
'PERSEE Program', 2000Co-Authors: Kreiter Philippe, Dijoux Laurence, Donnadieu François, Malausa Jean-claude, Quilici SergeAbstract:A strain of Arrhenophagus chionaspidis, a pararasitoïd of Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona has been introduced from Reunion Island to the Alpes-Maritimes. Some biological characteristics of this new entomophagous has been measured in controlled conditions.Une souche réunionnaise d 'Arrhenophagus chionaspidis, parasitoïde de Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona a été introduite dans les Alpes-Maritimes. Quelques caractéristiques biologiques de ce nouvel entomophage ont été étudiées en conditions contrôlées.Kreiter Philippe, Dijoux Laurence, Donnadieu François, Malausa Jean-Claude, Quilici Serge. Tentative d'introduction dans les Alpes-Matitimes de la souche réunionnaise d'Arrhenophagus chionaspidis (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) pour lutter contre la Cochenille blanche du mûrier. In: Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 69ᵉ année, n°6, juin 2000. pp. 121-126
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Tentative d'introduction dans les Alpes-Maritimes de la souche réunionnaise d'Arrhenophagus chionaspidis (Hymenoptera, Encrytidae) pour lutter contre la cochenille blanche du mûrier
'PERSEE Program', 2000Co-Authors: Kreiter Philippe, Dijoux Laurence, Donnadieu François, Malausa Jean-claude, Quilici SergeAbstract:A strain of Arrhenophagus chionaspidis, a parasitoïd of Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona has introduced from Reunion Island to the Alpes-Maritimes. Some biological characteristics of this new entomphagous has been measured in controlled conditions
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Inventaire des ennemis naturels de la cochenille blanche du mûrier Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti,1886) dans le monde (Homoptera, Diaspididae)
PERSÉE : Université de Lyon CNRS & ENS de Lyon, 1998Co-Authors: Kreiter Philippe, Panis AndréAbstract:Inventory of the natural enemies of the white peach scale Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti,1886) in the world (Homoptera, Diaspididae). The white peach scale is an increasing pest in peach orchards. In order to develop biological control against this pest, its natural enemies in the world have been listed. Most of them are often polyphagous or hyperparasitic and they cannot be taken into account as biological control agent.La Cochenille blanche du mûrier est en recrudescence en verger de pêcher. Afin de faciliter la lutte contre ce ravageur, un inventaire de ses ennemis naturels a été dressé. Cependant, certains des insectes cités sont souvent polyphages ou hyperparasites et ne sont donc pas à prendre en compte comme moyens de lutte biologique.Kreiter Philippe, Panis André. Inventaire des ennemis naturels de la cochenille blanche du mûrier Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti,1886) dans le monde (Homoptera, Diaspididae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 103 (3), août 1998. pp. 263-271
