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Paramahans V. Salimath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stimulation of glucose uptake by musa sp cv elakki bale flower and pseudostem extracts in ehrlich ascites tumor cells
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2011Co-Authors: Jamuna J. Bhaskar, Paramahans V. Salimath, Chilkunda D NandiniAbstract:BACKGROUND: Glucose uptake study plays a major role in diabetes research. Impaired glucose uptake has been implicated in the development of hyperglycemia during diabetes. Banana plant is known for its anti-diabetic properties and our earlier report revealed that banana flower and pseudostem of Musa sp. cv. elakki bale is beneficial during diabetes in rat models. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential effect of banana flower and pseudostem extracts on glucose uptake in Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells using 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), a fluorescent analogue of 2-deoxyglucose. RESULTS: Methanol and aqueous extracts of banana flower and pseudostem were more potent in promoting glucose uptake in EAT cells, in comparison to acetone and ethanol extracts. At 20 µg dosage, highest net glucose uptake was observed in aqueous extracts of banana flower (18.17 ± 0.43 nmol L−1) and pseudostem (19.69 ± 0.41 nmol L−1). Total polyphenol content was higher in methanol (9.031 ± 0.036 g kg−1) and aqueous (6.862 ± 0.024 g kg−1) extracts of banana flower compared to pseudostem, which were 0.442 ± 0.006 and 0.811 ± 0.011 g kg−1, respectively. CONCLUSION: Banana flower and pseudostem extracts are able to promote glucose uptake into the cells, presumably through glucose transporters 1 and 3, which could be beneficial in diabetes. Glucose uptake is likely promoted by phenolic acids besides other bioactives. It can be hypothesized that consumption of nutraceutical-rich extract of banana flower and pseudostem could replace some amount of insulin being taken for diabetes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
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Beneficial effects of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Jamuna J. Bhaskar, Mysore S. Shobha, Kari Sambaiah, Paramahans V. SalimathAbstract:Diabetes is a chronic health problem and major cause of death in most of the countries. Diet management plays an important role in controlling diabetes and its complications along with insulin and drugs. We have examined the effect of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our results indicated that banana flower and pseudostem have low glycemic index and have a high content of dietary fiber and antioxidants. Diabetic symptoms like hyperglycemia, polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, urine sugar, and body weight were ameliorated in banana flower- and pseudostem-treated rats. Increased glomerular filtration rate in the diabetic group (5.1 ± 0.22 ml/min) was decreased in banana flower-fed (2.5 ± 0.37 ml/min) and pseudostem-fed (3.0 ± 0.45 ml/min) groups and were significant at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively. Fructosamine and AGEs formed during diabetes were inhibited in treated groups when compared with the diabetic group. The diabetic group showed 11.5 ± 0.64 μg of AGEs/mg protein in kidney, whereas, in banana flower- and pseudostem-fed groups, it was reduced to 9.21 ± 0.32 and 9.29 ± 0.24 μg/mg protein, respectively, and were significant at P < 0.01. These findings suggest that banana flower and pseudostem have anti-diabetic and anti-AGEs properties and are beneficial as food supplements for diabetics.
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Effect of Banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) Flower and Pseudostem on Antioxidant andLysosomal Enzyme Activities in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats.
2011Co-Authors: J. Bhaskar Jamuna, A. Puneeth Kumar, Paramahans V. SalimathAbstract:Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine metabolic disorder affecting many people all over the world. The mortality rate due to diabetes and its complications is increasing at an alarming rate. Dietary factors rich in nutraceuticals, antioxidants, dietary fiber, etc are of great significance in the management of diabetes. Oxidative stress contributes to the progression of diabetes and its complications and hence the present study was aimed to examine the effect of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on antioxidant and lysosomal enzyme activities during diabetes. Banana flower (5%) and pseudostem (5%) feeding reduced hyperglycemia levels by 40 and 38%, respectively, and modulated the activities of antioxidant defense enzymes viz., catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Activity of SOD was decreased in serum of diabetic group (1.6 ± 0.02 U/mg protein), and was significantly ameliorated in banana flower (1.9 ± 0.03 U/mg protein) and pseudostem (2.0 ± 0.09 U/mg protein) fed groups at P
Frik Sundstøl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feeding value of enset ensete ventricosum desmodium intortum hay and untreated or urea and calcium oxide treated wheat straw for sheep
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2009Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Summary Feed intake, in vivo nutrient digestibility and nitrogen utilization were evaluated in male sheep fed different fractions (leaf, pseudostem, corm, whole plant) of enset, untreated or 2% urea- and 3% calcium oxide(CaO or lime) treated wheat straw and Desmodium intortum hay as sole diets. All feeds, except D. intortum hay and enset leaf had low crude protein (CP) content. Non-fiber carbohydrate contents were higher in enset fractions, especially in pseudostem and corm relative to other feeds. Enset leaf and pseudostem had high calcium, phosphorus and manganese contents. Corm, whole enset and D. intortum hay were rich sources of zinc. Daily dry matter and CP intakes were higher (p < 0.05) in sheep fed D. intortum hay (830 and 133 g, respectively) than those fed pseudostem (92 and 7.8 g, respectively). Organic matter digestibilities were highest for corm (0.780) and whole enset (0.776) and lowest for D. intortum hay (0.534) and untreated wheat straw (0.522). The CP digestibility ranged from 0.636 in D. intortum hay to 0.408 in corm. Nitrogen (N) balance was highest (p < 0.05) in D. intortum hay (10.4 g/day) and lowest in corm ()1.3 g/day). Enset leaf could be a useful protein supplement whereas the pseudostem and corm could be good sources of energy.
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the supplementary value of different parts of enset ensete ventricosum to sheep fed wheat straw and desmodium intortum hay
Livestock Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Lars Olav Eik, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Abstract A study which included growth and digestibility experiments was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of a) enset pseudostem, b) enset corm or c) enset mixture (containing equal amounts of pseudostem, corm and enset leaf on a DM basis) as a supplement to a basal diet of wheat straw fed ad libitum and restricted amounts of Desmodium intortum ( Desmodium ) hay to sheep. During the 71-day growth experiment, 18 one-year-old male sheep of indigenous breed with mean body weight (BW) of 20.2 (± 0.43) kg were randomly assigned to the three treatments. In the digestibility experiment, three male sheep with mean BW of 19.5 (± 1.06) kg were assigned to each treatment. Sheep supplemented with enset mixture consumed more ( P P = 0.0073) in sheep fed the diet with enset mixture (12.2) followed by corm (11.3) and pseudostem (10.7). The apparent digestibility of DM was higher ( P Desmodium diet with enset fractions could be used equally at least to maintain body weight during the dry season.
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Chemical composition and in sacco dry matter degradability of different morphological fractions of 10 enset (Ensete ventricosum) varieties
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Lars Olav Eik, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Abstract Enset (Ensete ventricosum), also known as ‘false banana’, is a perennial herbaceous monocarpic plant, which grows in the southern and south-western parts of Ethiopia for human consumption and animal feed. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and dry matter (DM) degradability of four fractions (leaf lamina, leaf midrib, pseudostem and corm) of 10 selected enset varieties (Addo, Astara, Birra, Chacho, Derassa Addo, Genticha, Gossalo, Gulumo, Kiticha and Midasho). Samples were taken from 5- to 6-year-old enset during the main rainy season. For degradability studies, three rumen fistulated male sheep were used. The dry matter content (g/kg) ranged from 106 to 172 for leaf lamina, from 42 to 100 for leaf midrib, from 55 to 146 for pseudostem and from 173 to 293 for corm. The overall DM was lowest in leaf midrib (62 g/kg DM) and highest in corm (227 g/kg DM). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (g/kg DM) varied from 659 to 753 in leaf lamina, from 585 to 694 in leaf midrib, from 551 to 825 in pseudostem and from 339 to 893 in corm. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) content (g/kg DM) varied from 313 to 387 in leaf lamina, from 377 to 491 in leaf midrib, from 75 to 249 in pseudostem and from 52 to 84 in corm. The crude protein (CP) content (g/kg DM) of the leaf lamina was lowest in Gulumo (164) and highest in Genticha (245). CP content in the leaf midrib varied from 39 to 60. In pseudostem, CP content ranged from 25 to 50. CP content in corm varied from 18 to 100. The metabolizable energy (ME) content was lowest in leaf lamina (5.4 MJ/kg DM) and highest in corm (13.1 MJ/kg DM). DM degradability of the different fractions, at 96 h of incubation, differed in the following order: corm (0.942) > pseudostem (0.889) > leaf midrib (0.668) > leaf lamina (0.450). Washing loss ranged from 0.180 to 0.299 in leaf lamina, from 0.137 to 0.365 in leaf midrib, from 0.327 to 0.543 in pseudostem and from 0.464 to 0.645 in corm. Potential degradability (A + B) ranged from 0.423 to 0.797 in leaf lamina, from 0.602 to 0.817 in leaf midrib, from 0.796 to 0.988 in pseudostem and from 0.893 to 0.981 in corm. It is concluded that enset is a valuable dry-season feed, especially due to high CP contents of leaf lamina and high DM degradability of pseudostem and corm. The differences in chemical composition and degradability observed between fractions from different varieties of enset underline the importance of including feeding traits in future breeding programs for enset.
Ajebu Nurfeta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Digestibility and nitrogen utilization in sheep fed enset (Ensete ventricosum) pseudostem or corm and graded levels of Desmodium intortum hay to wheat straw-based diets.
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 2010Co-Authors: Ajebu NurfetaAbstract:Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of Desmodium intortum (Desmodium) hay supplementation in sheep fed fixed amounts of enset pseudostem or corm and a basal diet of wheat straw on intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization. Eighteen male sheep with a mean (± SD) live weight of 20.5 ± 1.45 kg were assigned to six treatments in a completely randomized design and fed either 108 g dry matter (DM) enset pseudostem or 165 g DM enset corm each with three levels (100, 200 and 300 g) of hay supplementation. For the pseudostem diets, there was no significant difference in total DM intake. Total crude protein (CP) intake and N retention increased with increasing levels of hay in both pseudostem and corm diets. The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and microbial nitrogen supply (MN) at 100 g was lower that other levels of supplementation. For the corm diets, total DM and OM intake and MN supply increased with increasing levels of hay. The digestibility decreased (p
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feeding value of enset ensete ventricosum desmodium intortum hay and untreated or urea and calcium oxide treated wheat straw for sheep
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 2009Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Summary Feed intake, in vivo nutrient digestibility and nitrogen utilization were evaluated in male sheep fed different fractions (leaf, pseudostem, corm, whole plant) of enset, untreated or 2% urea- and 3% calcium oxide(CaO or lime) treated wheat straw and Desmodium intortum hay as sole diets. All feeds, except D. intortum hay and enset leaf had low crude protein (CP) content. Non-fiber carbohydrate contents were higher in enset fractions, especially in pseudostem and corm relative to other feeds. Enset leaf and pseudostem had high calcium, phosphorus and manganese contents. Corm, whole enset and D. intortum hay were rich sources of zinc. Daily dry matter and CP intakes were higher (p < 0.05) in sheep fed D. intortum hay (830 and 133 g, respectively) than those fed pseudostem (92 and 7.8 g, respectively). Organic matter digestibilities were highest for corm (0.780) and whole enset (0.776) and lowest for D. intortum hay (0.534) and untreated wheat straw (0.522). The CP digestibility ranged from 0.636 in D. intortum hay to 0.408 in corm. Nitrogen (N) balance was highest (p < 0.05) in D. intortum hay (10.4 g/day) and lowest in corm ()1.3 g/day). Enset leaf could be a useful protein supplement whereas the pseudostem and corm could be good sources of energy.
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the supplementary value of different parts of enset ensete ventricosum to sheep fed wheat straw and desmodium intortum hay
Livestock Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Lars Olav Eik, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Abstract A study which included growth and digestibility experiments was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of a) enset pseudostem, b) enset corm or c) enset mixture (containing equal amounts of pseudostem, corm and enset leaf on a DM basis) as a supplement to a basal diet of wheat straw fed ad libitum and restricted amounts of Desmodium intortum ( Desmodium ) hay to sheep. During the 71-day growth experiment, 18 one-year-old male sheep of indigenous breed with mean body weight (BW) of 20.2 (± 0.43) kg were randomly assigned to the three treatments. In the digestibility experiment, three male sheep with mean BW of 19.5 (± 1.06) kg were assigned to each treatment. Sheep supplemented with enset mixture consumed more ( P P = 0.0073) in sheep fed the diet with enset mixture (12.2) followed by corm (11.3) and pseudostem (10.7). The apparent digestibility of DM was higher ( P Desmodium diet with enset fractions could be used equally at least to maintain body weight during the dry season.
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Chemical composition and in sacco dry matter degradability of different morphological fractions of 10 enset (Ensete ventricosum) varieties
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Ajebu Nurfeta, Lars Olav Eik, Adugna Tolera, Frik SundstølAbstract:Abstract Enset (Ensete ventricosum), also known as ‘false banana’, is a perennial herbaceous monocarpic plant, which grows in the southern and south-western parts of Ethiopia for human consumption and animal feed. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and dry matter (DM) degradability of four fractions (leaf lamina, leaf midrib, pseudostem and corm) of 10 selected enset varieties (Addo, Astara, Birra, Chacho, Derassa Addo, Genticha, Gossalo, Gulumo, Kiticha and Midasho). Samples were taken from 5- to 6-year-old enset during the main rainy season. For degradability studies, three rumen fistulated male sheep were used. The dry matter content (g/kg) ranged from 106 to 172 for leaf lamina, from 42 to 100 for leaf midrib, from 55 to 146 for pseudostem and from 173 to 293 for corm. The overall DM was lowest in leaf midrib (62 g/kg DM) and highest in corm (227 g/kg DM). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (g/kg DM) varied from 659 to 753 in leaf lamina, from 585 to 694 in leaf midrib, from 551 to 825 in pseudostem and from 339 to 893 in corm. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) content (g/kg DM) varied from 313 to 387 in leaf lamina, from 377 to 491 in leaf midrib, from 75 to 249 in pseudostem and from 52 to 84 in corm. The crude protein (CP) content (g/kg DM) of the leaf lamina was lowest in Gulumo (164) and highest in Genticha (245). CP content in the leaf midrib varied from 39 to 60. In pseudostem, CP content ranged from 25 to 50. CP content in corm varied from 18 to 100. The metabolizable energy (ME) content was lowest in leaf lamina (5.4 MJ/kg DM) and highest in corm (13.1 MJ/kg DM). DM degradability of the different fractions, at 96 h of incubation, differed in the following order: corm (0.942) > pseudostem (0.889) > leaf midrib (0.668) > leaf lamina (0.450). Washing loss ranged from 0.180 to 0.299 in leaf lamina, from 0.137 to 0.365 in leaf midrib, from 0.327 to 0.543 in pseudostem and from 0.464 to 0.645 in corm. Potential degradability (A + B) ranged from 0.423 to 0.797 in leaf lamina, from 0.602 to 0.817 in leaf midrib, from 0.796 to 0.988 in pseudostem and from 0.893 to 0.981 in corm. It is concluded that enset is a valuable dry-season feed, especially due to high CP contents of leaf lamina and high DM degradability of pseudostem and corm. The differences in chemical composition and degradability observed between fractions from different varieties of enset underline the importance of including feeding traits in future breeding programs for enset.
Ashenafi Azage Mitiku - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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silage making of maize stover and banana pseudostem under south ethiopian conditions evolution of ph dry matter and microbiological profile
Microbial Biotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: An Borremans, Ashenafi Azage Mitiku, A F Andeta, Bart Lievens, Sofie Bossaert, Sam Crauwels, Ben Aernouts, Yisehak Kechero, Leen Van CampenhoutAbstract:The study was conducted to evaluate the microbial dynamics during silage of maize stover and banana pseudostem in the environmental conditions of southern Ethiopia. To meet this objective, microsilos containing either maize stover or banana pseudostem, both with and without molasses, were prepared. Subsequently, samples were analysed on day 0, 7, 14, 30, 60 and 90 of the fermentation process. As a result, on day 7, all treatments except banana pseudostem without molasses showed a significant reduction in pH. It was also this silage type that supported the growth of Enterobacteriaceae longer than three other silage types, i.e. until 30 days. The yeasts and moulds and the Clostridum endospore counts also showed a reducing trend in early fermentation and afterwards remained constant until day 90. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that Leuconostoc, Buttiauxella species and Enterobacteriaceae were the most abundant bacteria in the initial phases of the fermentation. Later on, Buttiauxella, Lactobacillus, Weissella and Bifidobacterium species were found to be dominant. In conclusion, silage of the two crop by-products is possible under South Ethiopian conditions. For banana pseudostem, the addition of molasses is crucial for a fast fermentation, in contrast to maize. Upscaling needs to be investigated for the two by-products.
Jamuna J. Bhaskar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stimulation of glucose uptake by musa sp cv elakki bale flower and pseudostem extracts in ehrlich ascites tumor cells
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2011Co-Authors: Jamuna J. Bhaskar, Paramahans V. Salimath, Chilkunda D NandiniAbstract:BACKGROUND: Glucose uptake study plays a major role in diabetes research. Impaired glucose uptake has been implicated in the development of hyperglycemia during diabetes. Banana plant is known for its anti-diabetic properties and our earlier report revealed that banana flower and pseudostem of Musa sp. cv. elakki bale is beneficial during diabetes in rat models. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential effect of banana flower and pseudostem extracts on glucose uptake in Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells using 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), a fluorescent analogue of 2-deoxyglucose. RESULTS: Methanol and aqueous extracts of banana flower and pseudostem were more potent in promoting glucose uptake in EAT cells, in comparison to acetone and ethanol extracts. At 20 µg dosage, highest net glucose uptake was observed in aqueous extracts of banana flower (18.17 ± 0.43 nmol L−1) and pseudostem (19.69 ± 0.41 nmol L−1). Total polyphenol content was higher in methanol (9.031 ± 0.036 g kg−1) and aqueous (6.862 ± 0.024 g kg−1) extracts of banana flower compared to pseudostem, which were 0.442 ± 0.006 and 0.811 ± 0.011 g kg−1, respectively. CONCLUSION: Banana flower and pseudostem extracts are able to promote glucose uptake into the cells, presumably through glucose transporters 1 and 3, which could be beneficial in diabetes. Glucose uptake is likely promoted by phenolic acids besides other bioactives. It can be hypothesized that consumption of nutraceutical-rich extract of banana flower and pseudostem could replace some amount of insulin being taken for diabetes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
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Beneficial effects of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Jamuna J. Bhaskar, Mysore S. Shobha, Kari Sambaiah, Paramahans V. SalimathAbstract:Diabetes is a chronic health problem and major cause of death in most of the countries. Diet management plays an important role in controlling diabetes and its complications along with insulin and drugs. We have examined the effect of banana (Musa sp. var. elakki bale) flower and pseudostem on hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our results indicated that banana flower and pseudostem have low glycemic index and have a high content of dietary fiber and antioxidants. Diabetic symptoms like hyperglycemia, polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, urine sugar, and body weight were ameliorated in banana flower- and pseudostem-treated rats. Increased glomerular filtration rate in the diabetic group (5.1 ± 0.22 ml/min) was decreased in banana flower-fed (2.5 ± 0.37 ml/min) and pseudostem-fed (3.0 ± 0.45 ml/min) groups and were significant at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively. Fructosamine and AGEs formed during diabetes were inhibited in treated groups when compared with the diabetic group. The diabetic group showed 11.5 ± 0.64 μg of AGEs/mg protein in kidney, whereas, in banana flower- and pseudostem-fed groups, it was reduced to 9.21 ± 0.32 and 9.29 ± 0.24 μg/mg protein, respectively, and were significant at P < 0.01. These findings suggest that banana flower and pseudostem have anti-diabetic and anti-AGEs properties and are beneficial as food supplements for diabetics.
