Radiation Dose

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Mannudeep K. Kalra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation Dose Optimization in CT
    2017
    Co-Authors: Shaunagh Mcdermott, Alexi Otrakji, Mannudeep K. Kalra
    Abstract:

    As CT utilization increases, the concern about Radiation Dose from CT also increases. Although CT accounts for only 17% of imaging studies obtained, it is reportedly responsible for almost half of the collective effective Dose from medical procedures in the United States (Mettler et al. 2009). Although controversial, risk projection models for Radiation-induced carcinogenesis estimate that, in a few decades, 1.5–2% of all cancers in the United States may be attributable to the use of CT (Brenner and Hall 2007). Radiation Dose optimization frequently involves multiple stakeholders from ordering physicians, radiologists, CT technologist, medical physicists, and patients as well (Fig. 1).

  • CT Radiation Dose and iterative reconstruction techniques.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Atul Padole, Ranish Deedar Ali Khawaja, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Sarabjeet Singh
    Abstract:

    Key Points 1. CT Radiation Dose optimization is one of the major concerns for the scientific community. 2. CT image quality is dependent on the selected image reconstruction algorithm. 3. Iterative reconstruction algorithms have reemerged with the potential of Radiation Dose optimization by lowering image noise. 4. Tube current is the most common parameter used to reduce Radiation Dose along with iterative reconstruction. 5. Tube potential (kV) is also used for Dose optimization with iterative reconstruction in CT angiography protocols and small patients.

  • Tube potential and CT Radiation Dose optimization.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Diego Lira, Atul Padole, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Sarabjeet Singh
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. This article describes tube potential and its effect on image quality and Radiation Dose for CT in different body regions and clinical indications. CONCLUSION. Tube potential is an important scanning parameter for Radiation Dose optimization. Reduction of tube potential results in increased image contrast of iodine-enhanced CT as well as increased image noise.

  • Radiation Dose Optimization and Thoracic Computed Tomography
    Radiologic clinics of North America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Sarabjeet Singh, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Ranish Deedar Ali Khawaja, Atul Padole, Sarvenaz Pourjabbar, Diego Lira, Jo-anne O. Shepard, Subba R. Digumarthy
    Abstract:

    In the past 3 decades, Radiation Dose from computed tomography (CT) has contributed to an increase in overall Radiation exposure to the population. This increase has caused concerns over harmful effects of Radiation Dose associated with CT in scientific publications as well as in the lay press. To address these concerns, and reduce Radiation Dose, several strategies to optimize Radiation Dose have been developed and assessed, including manual or automatic adjustment of scan parameters. This article describes conventional and contemporary techniques to reduce Radiation Dose associated with chest CT.

  • Scan Parameters and CT Radiation Dose
    Radiation Dose from Multidetector CT, 2012
    Co-Authors: Sarabjeet Singh, Mannudeep K. Kalra
    Abstract:

    The most important parameter for reducing Radiation Dose is ensuring appropriate clinical indication for CT scanning. Once appropriateness of clinical indication for CT has been established, radiologists, physicists and radiologic technologists should work closely to adapt individual scanning parameters that affect Radiation Dose. Establishing Dose-efficient CT protocols is by no means a task simpler than orchestrating a symphony where scan parameters have to be in sync in order to yield satisfactory results. This chapter briefly describes scan parameters that affect Radiation Dose in CT.

Sarabjeet Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • CT Radiation Dose and iterative reconstruction techniques.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Atul Padole, Ranish Deedar Ali Khawaja, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Sarabjeet Singh
    Abstract:

    Key Points 1. CT Radiation Dose optimization is one of the major concerns for the scientific community. 2. CT image quality is dependent on the selected image reconstruction algorithm. 3. Iterative reconstruction algorithms have reemerged with the potential of Radiation Dose optimization by lowering image noise. 4. Tube current is the most common parameter used to reduce Radiation Dose along with iterative reconstruction. 5. Tube potential (kV) is also used for Dose optimization with iterative reconstruction in CT angiography protocols and small patients.

  • Tube potential and CT Radiation Dose optimization.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Diego Lira, Atul Padole, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Sarabjeet Singh
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. This article describes tube potential and its effect on image quality and Radiation Dose for CT in different body regions and clinical indications. CONCLUSION. Tube potential is an important scanning parameter for Radiation Dose optimization. Reduction of tube potential results in increased image contrast of iodine-enhanced CT as well as increased image noise.

  • Radiation Dose Optimization and Thoracic Computed Tomography
    Radiologic clinics of North America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Sarabjeet Singh, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Ranish Deedar Ali Khawaja, Atul Padole, Sarvenaz Pourjabbar, Diego Lira, Jo-anne O. Shepard, Subba R. Digumarthy
    Abstract:

    In the past 3 decades, Radiation Dose from computed tomography (CT) has contributed to an increase in overall Radiation exposure to the population. This increase has caused concerns over harmful effects of Radiation Dose associated with CT in scientific publications as well as in the lay press. To address these concerns, and reduce Radiation Dose, several strategies to optimize Radiation Dose have been developed and assessed, including manual or automatic adjustment of scan parameters. This article describes conventional and contemporary techniques to reduce Radiation Dose associated with chest CT.

  • Scan Parameters and CT Radiation Dose
    Radiation Dose from Multidetector CT, 2012
    Co-Authors: Sarabjeet Singh, Mannudeep K. Kalra
    Abstract:

    The most important parameter for reducing Radiation Dose is ensuring appropriate clinical indication for CT scanning. Once appropriateness of clinical indication for CT has been established, radiologists, physicists and radiologic technologists should work closely to adapt individual scanning parameters that affect Radiation Dose. Establishing Dose-efficient CT protocols is by no means a task simpler than orchestrating a symphony where scan parameters have to be in sync in order to yield satisfactory results. This chapter briefly describes scan parameters that affect Radiation Dose in CT.

  • Application of Shielding in CT Radiation Dose Reduction
    Radiation Dose from Multidetector CT, 2012
    Co-Authors: Shima Aran, Sarabjeet Singh, Mannudeep K. Kalra
    Abstract:

    In-plane shields have been shown to reduce CT Radiation Dose to some of the most radiosensitive organs. However, potential for artifacts and changes in attenuation numbers make their universal use controversial for Radiation protection purposes. In this chapter, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of use of in-plane shielding for reducing Radiation Dose associated with CT scanning.

Mahesh M. Thapa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pediatric CT: strategies to lower Radiation Dose.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Claudia Zacharias, Adam M. Alessio, Randolph K. Otto, Ramesh S. Iyer, Grace S. Philips, Jonathan O. Swanson, Mahesh M. Thapa
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. The introduction of MDCT has increased the utilization of CT in pediatric radiology along with concerns for Radiation sequelae. This article reviews general principles of lowering Radiation Dose, the basic physics that impact Radiation Dose, and specific CT integrated Dose-reduction tools focused on the pediatric population. CONCLUSION. The goal of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the recent literature regarding CT Dose reduction methods, their limitations, and an outlook on future developments with a focus on the pediatric population. The discussion will initially focus on general considerations that lead to Radiation Dose reduction, followed by specific technical features that influence the Radiation Dose.

Claudia Zacharias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pediatric CT: strategies to lower Radiation Dose.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Claudia Zacharias, Adam M. Alessio, Randolph K. Otto, Ramesh S. Iyer, Grace S. Philips, Jonathan O. Swanson, Mahesh M. Thapa
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. The introduction of MDCT has increased the utilization of CT in pediatric radiology along with concerns for Radiation sequelae. This article reviews general principles of lowering Radiation Dose, the basic physics that impact Radiation Dose, and specific CT integrated Dose-reduction tools focused on the pediatric population. CONCLUSION. The goal of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the recent literature regarding CT Dose reduction methods, their limitations, and an outlook on future developments with a focus on the pediatric population. The discussion will initially focus on general considerations that lead to Radiation Dose reduction, followed by specific technical features that influence the Radiation Dose.

Duncan B. Howe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation Dose and risk in screening mammography
    Journal of Medical Systems, 1994
    Co-Authors: David F. Adcock, Duncan B. Howe
    Abstract:

    Screening mammography has not yet become a standard procedure. There are great variations in image quality and Radiation Dose. Mean glandular Dose has become the most frequently used description of Radiation Dose in screening mammography. Because of the low energy x-ray beam required for the procedure, the use of mean glandular Dose as the Radiation exposure indicator may cause a misunderstanding of the Dose-risk relationship and result in confusion about Radiation exposure and the risk of induced neoplasm. Data are presented to show that increases in both maximum glandular Dose and imparted energy are greater than the increases in mean glandular Dose with comparable increases in breast thickness. In the future, an indication of total imparted energy should replace the use of mean glandular Dose as the standard for describing Radiation Dose in screening mammography.