Radiation Use Efficiency

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 32484 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

J D Reed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • peanut leaf area index light interception Radiation Use Efficiency and harvest index at three sites in texas
    Field Crops Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: James R Kiniry, C E Simpson, A M Schubert, J D Reed
    Abstract:

    Abstract Stability of parameters describing crop growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is important becaUse of the diversity of climatic conditions in which peanuts are grown and is valuable when developing simulation models for this species. In contrast, variability in the same parameters is desirable for plant breeders working to develop improved cultivars. This study seeks to quantify key parameters for biomass and yield production of some common peanut cultivars at three sites in Texas. We measured leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient ( k ) for Beer's law, and harvest index (HI) for four cultivars at Stephenville, TX and one cultivar near Gustine, TX, and for LAI and biomass on four cultivars at Seminole, TX. Mean Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) values were 1.98 g MJ −1 at Stephenville, 1.92 at Gustine, and 2.02 at Seminole. Highest RUE values were for the Low-Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation treatment at Seminole. Maximum LAI values ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 at Stephenville, from 5.0 to 6.2 at Seminole, and was 5.3 at Gustine. Mean k values ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 at Stephenville and was 0.77 at Gustine. The overall mean HI was 0.36, with a mean of 0.33 for Stephenville, 0.44 for Gustine, 0.53 for spray irrigation at Seminole, and 0.58 for LEPA irrigation at Seminole. Values of RUE, k , and HI for the cultivars in this study and similarities between this study and values reported in the literature will aid modelers simulating peanut development and yield and aid breeders in identifying key traits critical to peanut grain yield improvement.

  • peanut leaf area index light interception Radiation Use Efficiency and harvest index at three sites in texas
    Field Crops Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: James R Kiniry, C E Simpson, A M Schubert, J D Reed
    Abstract:

    Abstract Stability of parameters describing crop growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is important becaUse of the diversity of climatic conditions in which peanuts are grown and is valuable when developing simulation models for this species. In contrast, variability in the same parameters is desirable for plant breeders working to develop improved cultivars. This study seeks to quantify key parameters for biomass and yield production of some common peanut cultivars at three sites in Texas. We measured leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient ( k ) for Beer's law, and harvest index (HI) for four cultivars at Stephenville, TX and one cultivar near Gustine, TX, and for LAI and biomass on four cultivars at Seminole, TX. Mean Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) values were 1.98 g MJ −1 at Stephenville, 1.92 at Gustine, and 2.02 at Seminole. Highest RUE values were for the Low-Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation treatment at Seminole. Maximum LAI values ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 at Stephenville, from 5.0 to 6.2 at Seminole, and was 5.3 at Gustine. Mean k values ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 at Stephenville and was 0.77 at Gustine. The overall mean HI was 0.36, with a mean of 0.33 for Stephenville, 0.44 for Gustine, 0.53 for spray irrigation at Seminole, and 0.58 for LEPA irrigation at Seminole. Values of RUE, k , and HI for the cultivars in this study and similarities between this study and values reported in the literature will aid modelers simulating peanut development and yield and aid breeders in identifying key traits critical to peanut grain yield improvement.

James R Kiniry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • peanut leaf area index light interception Radiation Use Efficiency and harvest index at three sites in texas
    Field Crops Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: James R Kiniry, C E Simpson, A M Schubert, J D Reed
    Abstract:

    Abstract Stability of parameters describing crop growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is important becaUse of the diversity of climatic conditions in which peanuts are grown and is valuable when developing simulation models for this species. In contrast, variability in the same parameters is desirable for plant breeders working to develop improved cultivars. This study seeks to quantify key parameters for biomass and yield production of some common peanut cultivars at three sites in Texas. We measured leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient ( k ) for Beer's law, and harvest index (HI) for four cultivars at Stephenville, TX and one cultivar near Gustine, TX, and for LAI and biomass on four cultivars at Seminole, TX. Mean Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) values were 1.98 g MJ −1 at Stephenville, 1.92 at Gustine, and 2.02 at Seminole. Highest RUE values were for the Low-Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation treatment at Seminole. Maximum LAI values ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 at Stephenville, from 5.0 to 6.2 at Seminole, and was 5.3 at Gustine. Mean k values ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 at Stephenville and was 0.77 at Gustine. The overall mean HI was 0.36, with a mean of 0.33 for Stephenville, 0.44 for Gustine, 0.53 for spray irrigation at Seminole, and 0.58 for LEPA irrigation at Seminole. Values of RUE, k , and HI for the cultivars in this study and similarities between this study and values reported in the literature will aid modelers simulating peanut development and yield and aid breeders in identifying key traits critical to peanut grain yield improvement.

  • peanut leaf area index light interception Radiation Use Efficiency and harvest index at three sites in texas
    Field Crops Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: James R Kiniry, C E Simpson, A M Schubert, J D Reed
    Abstract:

    Abstract Stability of parameters describing crop growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is important becaUse of the diversity of climatic conditions in which peanuts are grown and is valuable when developing simulation models for this species. In contrast, variability in the same parameters is desirable for plant breeders working to develop improved cultivars. This study seeks to quantify key parameters for biomass and yield production of some common peanut cultivars at three sites in Texas. We measured leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient ( k ) for Beer's law, and harvest index (HI) for four cultivars at Stephenville, TX and one cultivar near Gustine, TX, and for LAI and biomass on four cultivars at Seminole, TX. Mean Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) values were 1.98 g MJ −1 at Stephenville, 1.92 at Gustine, and 2.02 at Seminole. Highest RUE values were for the Low-Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation treatment at Seminole. Maximum LAI values ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 at Stephenville, from 5.0 to 6.2 at Seminole, and was 5.3 at Gustine. Mean k values ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 at Stephenville and was 0.77 at Gustine. The overall mean HI was 0.36, with a mean of 0.33 for Stephenville, 0.44 for Gustine, 0.53 for spray irrigation at Seminole, and 0.58 for LEPA irrigation at Seminole. Values of RUE, k , and HI for the cultivars in this study and similarities between this study and values reported in the literature will aid modelers simulating peanut development and yield and aid breeders in identifying key traits critical to peanut grain yield improvement.

  • Radiation Use Efficiency and leaf co2 exchange for diverse c4 grasses
    Biomass & Bioenergy, 1999
    Co-Authors: James R Kiniry, C R Tischler, G A Van Esbroeck
    Abstract:

    Abstract Biomass accumulation of different grass species can be quantified by leaf area index (LAI) development, the Beer–Lambert light interception function, and a species-specific Radiation-Use Efficiency (RUE). The object of this field study was to compare RUE values and leaf CO 2 exchange rates (CER) for four C 4 grasses. Biomass, LAI, and fraction of photosynthetically active Radiation (PAR) intercepted were measured during three growing seasons. CER was measured on several dates and at several positions in the canopies. Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) had the greatest RUE whereas sideoats grama [ Bouteloua curtipendula (Michaux) Torrey] had the lowest. Big bluestem ( Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and eastern gamagrass [ Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.] values were intermediate. The two species with the greatest differences in RUE, switchgrass and sideoats grama, had similar relative amounts partitioned to roots. Likewise differences among species in the accumulation of soil carbon showed trends similar to total shoot biomass production. The light extinction coefficients ( k ) of switchgrass, big bluestem, and eastern gamagrass were smaller than for sideoats grama, implying that light was more effectively scattered down into the leaf canopy of the first three grasses. Whole canopy CER values were calculated with a stratified canopy approach, using LAI values, the Beer–Lambert formula with appropriate extinction coefficients, and CER light response curves. Differences among species in RUE were similar to these values for estimated whole-canopy CER divided by the fraction of light that was intercepted. High LAI along with low k contributed to higher RUE in switchgrass, in spite of lower values for single-leaf CER.

A M Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • estimating crop stresses aboveground dry biomass and yield of corn using multi temporal optical data combined with a Radiation Use Efficiency model
    Remote Sensing of Environment, 2010
    Co-Authors: E Pattey, J R Miller, Heather Mcnairn, A M Smith, Baoxin Hu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Crop descriptors, such as leaf area index, crop cover fraction, and leaf chlorophyll content, can be successfully estimated using appropriate spectral indices from the visible and near infrared spectral regions. However, these indices do not provide estimates of dry biomass, an important indicator of crop productivity. For estimating crop aboveground dry biomass and yield, this study developed an approach to integrate crop stressors and crop descriptors derived from optical remote sensing data with the Monteith Radiation Use Efficiency model. Multi-temporal remote sensing data were acquired by the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager and the Landsat-5/7 Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (TM/ETM+) sensors to monitor the growth conditions of corn in the 2001 and 2006 growing seasons. The modified triangular vegetation index (MTVI2) derived from the remote sensing data was Used to estimate the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active Radiation (fAPAR). A canopy structure dynamics model was then Used to simulate the seasonal variation of fAPAR. Crop water stress was estimated from the near and shortwave infrared reflectance of the Landsat images for a dry period in the 2001 growing season. By estimating leaf chlorophyll content using the Transformed Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (TCARI) in combination with the Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), different levels of nitrogen content could be identified. For the two growing seasons, the aboveground dry biomass and yield were linearly related with the cumulative absorbed photosynthetically active Radiation (APAR) using the Monteith Radiation Use Efficiency model. The cumulative APAR accounted for 96% of the corn aboveground dry biomass variability and 72% of the yield variability. Biomass and yield variability were partly explained by the variations in crop water stress intensity, which was dependent on soil texture. The seasonal Radiation Use Efficiency was stable over the 2 years and was about 3.9 g MJ− 1, with a confidence interval of 0.6 g MJ− 1 at the 95% confidence level. The assimilation of remotely sensed data into the Radiation Use Efficiency model performed well for monitoring dry biomass accumulation and estimating corn yields.

  • estimating crop stresses aboveground dry biomass and yield of corn using multi temporal optical data combined with a Radiation Use Efficiency model
    Remote Sensing of Environment, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jiangui Liu, E Pattey, J R Miller, Heather Mcnairn, A M Smith
    Abstract:

    Abstract Crop descriptors, such as leaf area index, crop cover fraction, and leaf chlorophyll content, can be successfully estimated using appropriate spectral indices from the visible and near infrared spectral regions. However, these indices do not provide estimates of dry biomass, an important indicator of crop productivity. For estimating crop aboveground dry biomass and yield, this study developed an approach to integrate crop stressors and crop descriptors derived from optical remote sensing data with the Monteith Radiation Use Efficiency model. Multi-temporal remote sensing data were acquired by the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager and the Landsat-5/7 Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (TM/ETM+) sensors to monitor the growth conditions of corn in the 2001 and 2006 growing seasons. The modified triangular vegetation index (MTVI2) derived from the remote sensing data was Used to estimate the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active Radiation (fAPAR). A canopy structure dynamics model was then Used to simulate the seasonal variation of fAPAR. Crop water stress was estimated from the near and shortwave infrared reflectance of the Landsat images for a dry period in the 2001 growing season. By estimating leaf chlorophyll content using the Transformed Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (TCARI) in combination with the Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), different levels of nitrogen content could be identified. For the two growing seasons, the aboveground dry biomass and yield were linearly related with the cumulative absorbed photosynthetically active Radiation (APAR) using the Monteith Radiation Use Efficiency model. The cumulative APAR accounted for 96% of the corn aboveground dry biomass variability and 72% of the yield variability. Biomass and yield variability were partly explained by the variations in crop water stress intensity, which was dependent on soil texture. The seasonal Radiation Use Efficiency was stable over the 2 years and was about 3.9 g MJ− 1, with a confidence interval of 0.6 g MJ− 1 at the 95% confidence level. The assimilation of remotely sensed data into the Radiation Use Efficiency model performed well for monitoring dry biomass accumulation and estimating corn yields.

Mathias Neumann Andersen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dry matter production, Radiation interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of potato in response to temperature and nitrogen application regimes
    Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Zhenjiang Zhou, Finn Plauborg, Kristian Kristensen, Mathias Neumann Andersen
    Abstract:

    Abstract A meta-analysis of 12 irrigated field experiments conducted from 2003 to 2014 was performed to examine the combined effects of climate variability and nitrogen (N) application on dry matter production of potatoes in a humid temperate climate. Seasonal mean temperature ranged from 15.3 to 17.7 °C while N rate varied from 0 to 180 kg ha −1 . Statistical analysis using mixed modelling detected two clear features: Both temperature and N supply were important factors for dry matter production. Higher temperatures were associated with decreased dry matter production mainly through its negative effect on Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) when comparing inter-annual variation in dry matter production. The loss of tuber dry matter was c. 10% per °C, which is higher than estimated in previous studies. Specifically, compared to mean air temperature from end of tuber initiation to maturity, mean air temperature from emergence to end of tuber initiation was more important for dry matter production. N supply promoted dry matter production (p

  • Radiation interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of potato affected by different n fertigation and irrigation regimes
    European Journal of Agronomy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Zhenjiang Zhou, Mathias Neumann Andersen, Finn Plauborg
    Abstract:

    Abstract Three years of field experiments were carried out to explore the response of potato dry matter production, accumulated intercepted photosynthetic active Radiation (Aipar) and Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) to five N levels providing 0, 60, 100, 140 and 180 kg N ha −1 and three drip irrigation strategies, which were full, deficit and none irrigation. Results showed that, irrespective of years, dry matter production and Aipar were increased by prolonged N fertigation, even though N fertigation was carried out from middle to late growing season. The highest total and tuber dry matter and accumulated Radiation interception in all three years were obtained when potatoes were provided with 180 kg N ha −1 . RUE on the other hand was not affected by N regime. Thus, increases in total dry matter production with increasing N levels were essentially caUsed by higher Aipar. The strongest response to N fertilization occurred when most N was applied early in the growing season and the latest N fertilization should be applied no later than 41–50 days after emergence. Deficit irrigation, which received ca.70% of irrigation applied to full irrigation, did not reduce Radiation interception and Radiation Use Efficiency.

  • soil compaction limits root development Radiation Use Efficiency and yield of three winter wheat triticum aestivum l cultivars
    Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-soil and Plant Science, 2013
    Co-Authors: Mathias Neumann Andersen, Lars J Munkholm, Lisbeth A Nielsen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Soil compaction has increased during recent years due to the traffic with increasingly heavier machinery. We evaluated the effect of soil compaction on soil penetration resistance, rooting depth, light interception, Radiation-Use Efficiency (RUE) and yield of three different cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). On loamy sand two compaction treatments (PAC-1 and PAC-2) and a no compaction reference treatment (REF) were applied. PAC-1 was intended to affect primarily the subsoil whereas PAC-2 was intended to affect primarily the topsoil. PAC-2 showed the highest and REF the lowest penetration resistance in the topsoil, respectively. In the subsoil both compaction treatments showed higher penetration resistances than REF. In comparison with REF, the compaction treatments decreased the estimated effective rooting depth by ca. 10, 20 and 50 cm in the three winter wheat cultivars tested, equivalent to decreases in the available soil water in the root zone of up to ca. 90 mm. These differen...

  • effects of salinity and soil drying on Radiation Use Efficiency water productivity and yield of quinoa chenopodium quinoa willd
    Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2012
    Co-Authors: Fatemeh Razzaghi, Seyed Hamid Ahmadi, S E Jacobsen, C R Jensen, Mathias Neumann Andersen
    Abstract:

    Drought and salinity reduce crop productivity especially in arid and semi-arid regions, and finding a crop which produces yield under these adverse conditions is therefore very important. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is such a crop. Hence, a study was conducted in field lysimeters to investigate the effect of salinity and soil–drying on Radiation Use Efficiency, yield and water productivity of quinoa. Quinoa was exposed to five salinity levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 dS m−1) of irrigation water from flower initiation onwards. During the seed-filling phase the five salinity levels were divided between two levels of irrigation, either full irrigation (FI; 95 % of field capacity) or non-irrigated progressive drought (PD). The intercepted photosynthetically active Radiation was hardly affected by salinity (8 % decrease at 40 dS m−1) and did not differ significantly between FI and PD. Radiation Use Efficiency of dry matter was similar between salinity levels and between FI and PD. In line with this, no negative effect of severe salinity and soil–drying on total dry matter could be detected. Salinity levels between 20 and 40 dS m−1 significantly reduced the seed yield by ca. 33 % compared with 0 dS m−1 treatment owing to a 15–30 % reduction in seed number per m2, whereas the seed yield of PD was 8 % less than FI. Consequently, nitrogen harvested in seed was decreased by salinity although the total N-uptake was increased. Both salinity and drought increased the water productivity of dry matter. Increasing salinity from 20 to 40 dS m−1 did not further decrease the seed number per m2 and seed yield, which shows that quinoa (cv. Titicaca) acclimated to saline conditions when exposed to salinity levels between 20 and 40 dS m−1.

Francois Tardieu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high throughput estimation of incident light light interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of thousands of plants in a phenotyping platform
    New Phytologist, 2016
    Co-Authors: Llorenc Cabrerabosquet, Christian Fournier, Nicolas Brichet, Claude Welcker, Benoit Suard, Francois Tardieu
    Abstract:

    Light interception and Radiation-Use Efficiency (RUE) are essential components of plant performance. Their genetic dissections require novel high-throughput phenotyping methods. We have developed a suite of methods to evaluate the spatial distribution of incident light, as experienced by hundreds of plants in a glasshoUse, by simulating sunbeam trajectories through glasshoUse structures every day of the year; the amount of light intercepted by maize (Zea mays) plants via a functional-structural model using three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of each plant placed in a virtual scene reproducing the canopy in the glasshoUse; and RUE, as the ratio of plant biomass to intercepted light. The spatial variation of direct and diffUse incident light in the glasshoUse (up to 24%) was correctly predicted at the single-plant scale. Light interception largely varied between maize lines that differed in leaf angles (nearly stable between experiments) and area (highly variable between experiments). Estimated RUEs varied between maize lines, but were similar in two experiments with contrasting incident light. They closely correlated with measured gas exchanges. The methods proposed here identified reproducible traits that might be Used in further field studies, thereby opening up the way for large-scale genetic analyses of the components of plant performance.

  • high throughput estimation of incident light light interception and Radiation Use Efficiency of thousands of plants in a phenotyping platform
    New Phytologist, 2016
    Co-Authors: Llorenc Cabrerabosquet, Christian Fournier, Nicolas Brichet, Claude Welcker, Benoit Suard, Francois Tardieu
    Abstract:

    We developed a non-invasive method to measure light interception and Radiation-Use Efficiency (RUE) in thousands of maize (Zea mays) plants at the PHENOARCH phenotyping platform. Different models were interfaced to estimate (i) the amount of light reaching each plant from hemispherical images, (ii) light intercepted by each plant via a functional-structural plant model, (iii) RUE, as the ratio of plant biomass to intercepted light. The inputs of these models were leaf area, biomass and architecture estimated from plant images and environmental data collected with a precise spatial and temporal resolution. We have tested this method by comparing two experiments performed in autumn and winter/spring. Biomass and leaf area differed between experiments showing a high G×E interaction. Difference in biomass between experiments was entirely accounted for by the difference in intercepted light. Hence, the mean RUE was common to both experiments and genotypes ranked similarly. The methods presented here allowed dissecting the differences between experiments into (i) genotypic traits that did not differ between experiments but had a high genetic variability, namely plant architecture and RUE (ii) environmental differences, essentially incident light, that affected both biomass and leaf area, (iii) plant traits that differed between experiments due to environmental variables, in particular leaf growth.