The Experts below are selected from a list of 28869 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hans-arno Synal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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selective Dating of paint components Radiocarbon Dating of lead white pigment
Radiocarbon, 2019Co-Authors: Laura Hendriks, Irka Hajdas, Ester S B Ferreira, Nadim C Scherrer, Stefan Zumbuhl, Markus Kuffner, Leslie Carlyle, Hans-arno Synal, Detlef GuntherAbstract:Lead white is a man-made white pigment commonly used in works of art. In this study, the possibility of Radiocarbon Dating lead white pigments alone and in oil paints was explored using well-dated lead white pigments and paints. Resulting 14 C ages on lead white pigments produced following the traditional stack process, where carbonate groups results from the incorporation of CO 2 originating from fermentation, matched the production years, while Radiocarbon Dating of lead white made using other industrial processes indicate that 14 C depleted CO 2 was used in their production. The method was applied to two case studies, where lead carbonate samples were dated in two oil paintings, one Baroque and one from the 20th century. We hereby show that the lead white pigment can be dated by 14 C and used as proxy for the time of creation of an artwork. Additionally, a two-step method was developed to allow 14 C analysis of both the lead white pigment and oil binder from the same sample. A single lead white paint sample can yield two distinct Radiocarbon ages, one from the carbonate and one from the natural organic binder. This study thus proposes new strategies for 14 C Dating of artworks.
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The PSI/ETH small Radiocarbon Dating system
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2000Co-Authors: Hans-arno Synal, S Jacob, Marianne SuterAbstract:A small and compact Radiocarbon Dating system has been built at PSI/ETH. The system is based on a National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC) pelletron accelerator with a maximum terminal voltage of 550 kV. It is the first accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system that uses 1 a ions at the high-energy end of the accelerator. Interfering isobaric molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper inside the accelerator. The system has been designed to fulfill two primary goals. First, it can be used as an experimental platform to study the relevant charge exchange and molecular break up processes at low energies. Second, it is able to perform high quality Radiocarbon Dating measurements. A detailed system description is given and results of performance tests are discussed. ” 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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the psi eth small Radiocarbon Dating system
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2000Co-Authors: Hans-arno Synal, S Jacob, Marianne SuterAbstract:A small and compact Radiocarbon Dating system has been built at PSI/ETH. The system is based on a National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC) pelletron accelerator with a maximum terminal voltage of 550 kV. It is the first accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system that uses 1 a ions at the high-energy end of the accelerator. Interfering isobaric molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper inside the accelerator. The system has been designed to fulfill two primary goals. First, it can be used as an experimental platform to study the relevant charge exchange and molecular break up processes at low energies. Second, it is able to perform high quality Radiocarbon Dating measurements. A detailed system description is given and results of performance tests are discussed. ” 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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A new small accelerator for Radiocarbon Dating
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1999Co-Authors: Marianne Suter, Hans-arno Synal, R. Huber, S. A. W. Jacob, J. B. SchroederAbstract:A new small and compact Radiocarbon Dating facility based on a 500 kV Pelletron accelerator has been built. The novel feature is that it operates with 1+ ions. The interfering molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper. The results of first test measurements demonstrate that stability, background and transmission are equal to the performance of conventional AMS systems based on larger accelerators.
Alex Bayliss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rolling out revolution using Radiocarbon Dating in archaeology
Radiocarbon, 2009Co-Authors: Alex BaylissAbstract:Sixty years ago, the advent of Radiocarbon Dating rewrote archaeological chronologies around the world. Forty years ago, the advent of calibration signaled the death knell of the diffusionism that had been the mainstay of archaeological thought for a century. Since then, the revolution has continued, as the extent of calibration has been extended ever further back and as the range of material that can be dated has been expanded. Now a new revolution beckons, one that could allow archaeology to engage in historical debate and usher in an entirely new kind of (pre)history. This paper focuses on more than a decade of experience in utilizing Bayesian approaches routinely for the interpretation of 14 C dates in English archaeology, discussing both the practicalities of implementing these methods and their potential for changing archaeological thinking.
A.j.t. Jull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The AMS Method of Radiocarbon Dating
Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: A.j.t. JullAbstract:This section summarizes the use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for Radiocarbon Dating measurements. It expands on the principles already laid out in the sections on ‘Principles of Radiocarbon Dating’ and ‘Conventional Radiocarbon Dating.’ The great advantage of AMS is that it allows Dating of very small, submilligram (
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Radiocarbon Dating | AMS Radiocarbon Dating
Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, 2013Co-Authors: A.j.t. JullAbstract:This section summarizes the use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for Radiocarbon Dating measurements. It expands on the principles already laid out in the sections on ‘Principles of Radiocarbon Dating’ and ‘Conventional Radiocarbon Dating.’ The great advantage of AMS is that it allows Dating of very small, submilligram (
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Radiocarbon Dating | AMS Method
Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, 2007Co-Authors: A.j.t. JullAbstract:This article summarizes the use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for Radiocarbon Dating measurements. It expands on the principles already laid out in the articles on Principles of Radiocarbon Dating and 00040. The great advantage of AMS is that it allows Dating of very small, sub-milligram (
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Radiocarbon Dating | Plant Macrofossils
Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, 2007Co-Authors: C. Hatté, A.j.t. JullAbstract:Since the early 1990s, chronological frameworks of late Pleistocene and Holocene terrestrial records are mostly based on AMS Radiocarbon Dating of plant macrofossils. In contrast to the previous use of bulk organic matter, plant macrofossils are inherently more reliable since the source of their carbon is known and should not be composed of heterogeneous material that could be of different ages. Nevertheless, even within the plant macrofossils chronologies, inconsistencies are still common. This article reviews the most common plant macrofossils and considers their suitability and reliability for 14C-AMS Dating. Due to their specificity, volcanic areas and modern environments are independently examined.
Marianne Suter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The PSI/ETH small Radiocarbon Dating system
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2000Co-Authors: Hans-arno Synal, S Jacob, Marianne SuterAbstract:A small and compact Radiocarbon Dating system has been built at PSI/ETH. The system is based on a National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC) pelletron accelerator with a maximum terminal voltage of 550 kV. It is the first accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system that uses 1 a ions at the high-energy end of the accelerator. Interfering isobaric molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper inside the accelerator. The system has been designed to fulfill two primary goals. First, it can be used as an experimental platform to study the relevant charge exchange and molecular break up processes at low energies. Second, it is able to perform high quality Radiocarbon Dating measurements. A detailed system description is given and results of performance tests are discussed. ” 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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the psi eth small Radiocarbon Dating system
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2000Co-Authors: Hans-arno Synal, S Jacob, Marianne SuterAbstract:A small and compact Radiocarbon Dating system has been built at PSI/ETH. The system is based on a National Electrostatics Corporation (NEC) pelletron accelerator with a maximum terminal voltage of 550 kV. It is the first accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system that uses 1 a ions at the high-energy end of the accelerator. Interfering isobaric molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper inside the accelerator. The system has been designed to fulfill two primary goals. First, it can be used as an experimental platform to study the relevant charge exchange and molecular break up processes at low energies. Second, it is able to perform high quality Radiocarbon Dating measurements. A detailed system description is given and results of performance tests are discussed. ” 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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A new small accelerator for Radiocarbon Dating
AIP Conference Proceedings, 1999Co-Authors: Marianne Suter, Hans-arno Synal, R. Huber, S. A. W. Jacob, J. B. SchroederAbstract:A new small and compact Radiocarbon Dating facility based on a 500 kV Pelletron accelerator has been built. The novel feature is that it operates with 1+ ions. The interfering molecules are destroyed by collisions in the gas stripper. The results of first test measurements demonstrate that stability, background and transmission are equal to the performance of conventional AMS systems based on larger accelerators.
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Systematic investigation of uncertainties in Radiocarbon Dating due to fluctuations in the calibration curve
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1994Co-Authors: Th.r. Niklaus, Marianne Suter, G. Bonani, Willy WolfliAbstract:Abstract The accuracy of Radiocarbon Dating depends both on the accuracy of the Radiocarbon measurements and the time dependent fluctuations of the 14C concentration in the atmosphere of the past. A numerical procedure has been developed to study the influence of these fluctuations on the accuracy of Radiocarbon Dating. With this procedure systematic investigations over the calibration time range (the past 10000 years) were made. The limits for the accuracy of Radiocarbon Dating and for the age range where the fluctuations become primarily responsible for these limits have been determined.
Thomas Higham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radiocarbon Dating and the Exodus Tradition
Israel's Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective, 2015Co-Authors: Michael W. Dee, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Thomas HighamAbstract:The Exodus tradition relays a sequence of events for which no precise historical setting has ever been established. Documentary evidence from Egypt has failed to substantiate the Biblical account. Consequently, unraveling the relationship between the text and the material evidence has become the domain of Biblical scholarship and archaeological excavation. Radiocarbon Dating can play a significant role in supporting or opposing archaeological hypotheses. The chronometric technique has long been employed across the Eastern Mediterranean region and is now capable of situating Bronze Age events on a decadal time scale. In this chapter, the Radiocarbon evidence pertaining to the Exodus tradition is evaluated and the role of the method in future research considered.
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pre screening techniques for identification of samples suitable for Radiocarbon Dating of poorly preserved bones
Journal of Archaeological Science, 2010Co-Authors: Fiona Brock, Thomas Higham, Bronk C RamseyAbstract:Under certain environmental conditions, post-depositional diagenetic loss of bone collagen can severely reduce the number of bones from a particular archaeological site that are suitable for stable isotopic analysis or Radiocarbon Dating. This study examined nearly 300 bones from 12 archaeological sites across southern England known to yield poor or variable preservation to try to identify one, or more, pre-screening technique(s) that would indicate suitable collagen preservation for Radiocarbon Dating. The most reliable method was shown to be the percent nitrogen (%N) of whole bone powder, which has an 84% chance of successfully predicting whether or not a bone will yield sufficient (i.e. >1% weight) collagen for Dating.
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current pretreatment methods for ams Radiocarbon Dating at the oxford Radiocarbon accelerator unit orau
Radiocarbon, 2010Co-Authors: Fiona Brock, Thomas Higham, Peter Ditchfield, Christopher Bronk RamseyAbstract:In this paper, we summarize the main chemical pretreatment protocols currently used for AMS Radiocarbon Dating at the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, upDating the protocols last described by Hedges et al. (1989).
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Radiation in Art and Archeometry - Radiocarbon Dating in archaeology: methods and applications
Radiation in Art and Archeometry, 2000Co-Authors: Thomas Higham, Fiona PetcheyAbstract:This chapter summarizes the physical principles, methods, and applications of Radiocarbon Dating and its use in archaeometry. A detailed outline of several examples of C 14 Dating in the context of Australian and New Zealand archaeology along with the error assessment and quality assurance is given. Correct sample selection, sample provenance, and contamination evaluation procedures are also discussed. Radiocarbon Dating is one of the most significant discoveries in archaeological research. In the intervening years it has become established as the premier method for Dating prehistory in the Holocene and Late Pleistocene periods. In addition, there have been significant advances in routine analysis, methodology and instrumentation. This chapter outlines the basis of method and tackles some of the significant developments and considers the basis for archaeological Radiocarbon Dating and illustrates its use with some archaeological case studies. It concludes that the chronological range of C 14 covers a span of time covering about 60,000 years. During this time, modern humans expanded throughout the Old and New Worlds, and agriculture and more complex forms of social organizations become discernible in the archaeological record. Although, it began as a method devised by physicists and chemists the successful application of Radiocarbon Dating in archaeology depends upon rigorous attention to sample provenance and stratigraphy in order to determine the age of dated events, coupled with an ongoing liaison with the Radiocarbon laboratory to produce results that are both accurate and precise.
