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Andrea Fisk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of a new senior emergency department on emergency department Recidivism Rate of hospital admission and hospital length of stay
Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Daniel Keyes, Bonita Singal, Charles W Kropf, Andrea FiskAbstract:Study objective Senior (geriatric) emergency departments (EDs) are an emerging phenomenon across the United States, designed to provide greater comfort for elders, screening for common morbidities, and selective contact with social workers. We hypothesize that the senior ED will reduce Recidivism, Rate of admission, and hospital length of stay. Methods This was a pre/postintervention observational study of seniors (≥65 years) before and after opening of a new senior ED in a large community hospital. Older nonseniors treated during the same periods were included to detect temporal trend bias. Outcomes included admission to the hospital, hospital length of stay, and ED return visits. Cox proportional hazards models, controlling for patient age, sex, triage level, insurance type, admission on the index visit, and hospital length of stay, were used to test association with time to return within 30 and 180 days. Multivariable regression modeling was used to determine whether the intervention was associated with admission on the index visit, and hospital length of stay. Results There was no significant difference in time to return within 30 days (HR=1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95 to 1.23), 180 days (HR=0.99; 95% CI 0.91 to 1.08), or average hospital length of stay. Risk of being admitted on the index visit was lower for seniors treated in the senior ED compared with the regular ED (Relative Risk=0.93; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98). Conclusion A new senior ED was not associated with reduced ED Recidivism or hospital length of stay, but was associated with decreased Rate of admission.
Karl R Hanson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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updated 5 year and new 10 year sexual Recidivism Rate norms for static 99r with routine complete samples
Law and Human Behavior, 2021Co-Authors: Seung C Lee, Karl R HansonAbstract:Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop new 10-year Recidivism Rate norms as well as to update 5-year norms for the Static-99R risk tool for routine/complete samples. We also present the extrapolated sexual Recidivism Rates from these new 10-year norms for follow-up periods of 11 to 20 years. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that absolute-Recidivism base Rates (B02; i.e., the intercept centered on the median score of 2) would vary; however, the relative predictive accuracy (i.e., discrimination; B1) would be stable across samples. In addition, compared with the estimated sexual Recidivism Rates with a fixed 5-year follow-up time, the estimated Rates with a fixed 10-year follow-up time would be expected to be consistently higher across the Static-99R scores. Method: The current study included 12 independent samples (N = 7,224 for the 5-year Recidivism Rate norms; N = 1,599 [k = 6] for the 10-year norms) classified as routine/complete samples, that is, relatively random samples from a correctional system. Logistic regression parameters (B02 and B1) across the studies were aggregated using fixed-effect meta-analyses. Results: There was statistically significant variability in the base Rates (B02), whereas the between-sample variability in the relative-risk parameters (B1) was no more than would be expected by chance. As expected, the 10-year base Rates were approximately 1.5 times higher than the 5-year base Rates (7.20% vs. 4.58%), and the extrapolated 20-year sexual Recidivism Rates were approximately double the observed 5-year sexual Recidivism Rates. Conclusions: The current study provides empirical evidence to estimate 5- and 10-year sexual Recidivism Rates based on Static-99R total scores. Evaluators who are especially concerned about long-term sexual Recidivism risk (e.g., civil commitment) can report the expected sexual Recidivism risk based on the new 10-year norms and the extrapolated sexual Recidivism Rates for follow-up periods of 11 to 20 years. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Recidivism and age follow up data from 4 673 sexual offenders
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2002Co-Authors: Karl R HansonAbstract:This study examined the relationship of age to sexual Recidivism using data from 10 follow-upstudies of adult male sexual offenders (combined sample of 4,673). Rapists were younger thanchild molesters, and the Recidivism risk of rapists steadily decreased with age. In contrast,extra familial child molesters showed relatively little reduction in Recidivism risk until after theage of50. The Recidivism Rate of intra familial child molesters was generally low (less than 10%),except for the intra familial offenders in the 18-to24-year-old age group, whose Recidivism riskwas comparable to that of rapists and extra familial child molesters. The results are discussed interms of developmental changes in sexual drive, self-control, and opportunities to offend.
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first report of the collaborative outcome data project on the effectiveness of psychological treatment for sex offenders
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2002Co-Authors: Karl R Hanson, Arthur Gordon, Andrew J Harris, Janice K Marques, William D Murphy, Vernon L Quinsey, Michael C SetoAbstract:This meta-analytic review examined the effectiveness of psychological treatment for sex offenders by summarizing data from 43 studies (combined n = 9,454). Averaged across all studies, the sexual offence Recidivism Rate was lower for the treatment groups (12.3%) than the comparison groups (16.8%, 38 studies, unweighted average). A similar pattern was found for general Recidivism, although the overall Rates were predictably higher (treatment 27.9%, comparison 39.2%, 30 studies). Current treatments (cognitive–behavioral, k = 13; systemic, k = 2) were associated with reductions in both sexual Recidivism (from 17.4 to 9.9%) and general Recidivism (from 51 to 32%). Older forms of treatment (operating prior to 1980) appeared to have little effect. Future directions for improving the quality of sex offender treatment outcome evaluations are discussed.
Daniel Keyes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of a new senior emergency department on emergency department Recidivism Rate of hospital admission and hospital length of stay
Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Daniel Keyes, Bonita Singal, Charles W Kropf, Andrea FiskAbstract:Study objective Senior (geriatric) emergency departments (EDs) are an emerging phenomenon across the United States, designed to provide greater comfort for elders, screening for common morbidities, and selective contact with social workers. We hypothesize that the senior ED will reduce Recidivism, Rate of admission, and hospital length of stay. Methods This was a pre/postintervention observational study of seniors (≥65 years) before and after opening of a new senior ED in a large community hospital. Older nonseniors treated during the same periods were included to detect temporal trend bias. Outcomes included admission to the hospital, hospital length of stay, and ED return visits. Cox proportional hazards models, controlling for patient age, sex, triage level, insurance type, admission on the index visit, and hospital length of stay, were used to test association with time to return within 30 and 180 days. Multivariable regression modeling was used to determine whether the intervention was associated with admission on the index visit, and hospital length of stay. Results There was no significant difference in time to return within 30 days (HR=1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95 to 1.23), 180 days (HR=0.99; 95% CI 0.91 to 1.08), or average hospital length of stay. Risk of being admitted on the index visit was lower for seniors treated in the senior ED compared with the regular ED (Relative Risk=0.93; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98). Conclusion A new senior ED was not associated with reduced ED Recidivism or hospital length of stay, but was associated with decreased Rate of admission.
John W Clark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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same score different message perceptions of offender risk depend on static 99r risk communication format
Law and Human Behavior, 2014Co-Authors: Jorge G Varela, Marcus T Boccaccini, Veronica Cuervo, Daniel C Murrie, John W ClarkAbstract:The popular Static-99R allows evaluators to convey results in terms of risk category (e.g., low, modeRate, high), relative risk (compared with other sexual offenders), or normative sample Recidivism Rate formats (e.g., 30% reoffended in 5 years). But we do not know whether judges and jurors draw similar conclusions about the same Static-99R score when findings are communicated using different formats. Community members reporting for jury duty (N = 211) read a tutorial on the Static-99R and a description of a sexual offender and his crimes. We varied his Static-99R score (1 or 6) and risk communication format (categorical, relative risk, or Recidivism Rate). Participants Rated the high-scoring offender as higher risk than the low-scoring offender in the categorical communication condition, but not in the relative risk or Recidivism Rate conditions. Moreover, risk ratings of the high-scoring offender were notably higher in the categorical communication condition than the relative risk and Recidivism Rate conditions. Participants who read about a low Static-99R score tended to report that Static-99R results were unimportant and difficult to understand, especially when risk was communicated using categorical or relative risk formats. Overall, results suggest that laypersons are more receptive to risk results indicating high risk than low risk and more receptive to risk communication messages that provide an interpretative label (e.g., high risk) than those that provide statistical results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). Language: en
Gordon Nagayama C Hall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sexual offender Recidivism revisited a meta analysis of recent treatment studies
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1995Co-Authors: Gordon Nagayama C HallAbstract:Meta-analyses were performed on 12 studies of treatment with sexual offenders (N = 1,313). A small, but robust, overall effect size was found for treatment versus comparison conditions (r = .12). The overall Recidivism Rate for treated sexual offenders was .19 versus .27 for untreated sexual offenders. Treatment effect sizes across studies, however, were heterogeneous. Effect sizes were larger in studies that had higher base Rates of Recidivism, had follow-up periods longer than 5 years, included outpatients, and involved cognitive-behavioral or hormonal treatments. Cognitive-behavioral (p < .0005) and hormonal treatments (p < .00005) were significantly more effective than behavioral treatments but were not significantly different from each other.