The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christian Gortázar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tuning oral-bait delivery strategies for Red Deer in Mediterranean ecosystems
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2020Co-Authors: Jordi Martínez-guijosa, Christian Gortázar, Laia Casades-martí, David González-barrio, Alicia Aranaz, Yolanda Fierro, Francisco Ruiz-fonsAbstract:The current demographic expansion of Red Deer populations in the northern hemisphere has led to conflicts at the levels of health, the economy, and conservation. Potential tools for Deer management include the delivery of contraceptives that impair reproduction in order to control populations or the delivery of treatments/vaccines in order to control health. To successfully implement these control strategies, it is necessary to develop suitable methods with which to deliver treatments to Red Deer in field settings. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the specificity and palatability of three bait types—alfalfa, feed, and molasses-based—for Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) and (ii) to describe the constraints that limit or enhance the effectiveness of the bait deployment method—on the ground or in specific Red Deer feeders—for the oral delivery of treatments to Red Deer in Mediterranean ecosystems. Our results show that alfalfa baits are the least palatable but the most Deer-selective type of bait, whereas feed and molasses baits are highly palatable but low specific (mean bait consumption rates on the ground were 0.811, 0.949, and 0.955, respectively). The appropriate season for oral treatments using alfalfa baits both on the ground and in Deer feeders is late summer (mean bait consumption rate on the ground for alfalfa-based baits was 0.939 in summer period). These results indicate that alfalfa baits are sufficiently palatable and specific in summer for them to be an efficient means to deliver treatments to Red Deer in Mediterranean ecosystems.
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BTV infection in wild ruminants, with emphasis on Red Deer: a review.
Veterinary microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: Caterina Falconi, Jorge Ramón López-olvera, Christian GortázarAbstract:The distribution of bluetongue virus has changed, possibly related to climate change. Vaccination of domestic ruminants is taking place throughout Europe to control BT expansion. The high density of wild Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in some European regions has raised concerns about the potential role that unvaccinated European wild ungulates might play in maintaining or spreading the virus. Most species of wild ruminants are susceptible to BTV infection, although frequently asymptomatically. The Red Deer population density in Europe is similar to that of domestic livestock in some areas, and Red Deer could account for a significant percentage of the BTV-infection susceptible ruminant population in certain regions. High serum antibody prevalence has been found in Red Deer, and BTV RNA (BTV-1, BTV-4 and BTV-8) has been repeatedly detected in naturally infected European Red Deer by means of RT-PCR. Moreover, Red Deer may carry the virus asymptomatically for long periods. Epidemiological studies suggest that there are more BT cases in domestic ungulates in those areas where Red Deer are present. Vector and host density and environmental factors are implicated in the spatial distribution of BT. As in domestic ruminants, BTV transmission among wild ruminants depends almost exclusively on Culicoides vectors, mainly C. imicola but also members of the C. obsoletus and C. pulicaris complex. However, BTV transmission from Red Deer to the vector remains to be demonstrated. Transplacental, oral, and mechanical transmissions are also suspected. Thus, wild Red Deer contribute to the still unclear epidemiology of BTV in Europe, and could complicate BTV control in domestic ruminants. However, further research at the wildlife host-vector-pathogen interface and regarding the epidemiology of BT and BT vectors in wildlife habitats is needed to confirm this hypothesis. Moreover, Red Deer could be used as BT sentinels. Serum and spleen tissue of calves sampled from late autumn onwards should be the target samples when establishing a BTV surveillance program.
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Increasing contact with hepatitis E virus in Red Deer, Spain.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Mariana Boadella, Maribel Casas, Marga Martín, Joaquín Vicente, Joaquim Segalés, José De La Fuente, Christian GortázarAbstract:To describe the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Red Deer in mainland Spain, we tested Red Deer for HEV RNA and antibodies. Overall, 10.4% and 13.6% of serum samples were positive by ELISA and reverse transcription–PCR, respectively. The increasing prevalence suggests a potential risk for humans.
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Bluetongue Virus Serotypes 1 and 4 in Red Deer, Spain
Emerging infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Belén Rodríguez-sánchez, Christian Gortázar, Francisco Ruiz-fons, José Manuel Sánchez-vizcaínoAbstract:We studied the potential of Red Deer as bluetongue maintenance hosts and sentinels. Deer maintained detectable bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 4 RNA for 1 year after the virus was cleaRed from livestock. However, the virus was not transmitted to yearlings. BTV serotype 1 RNA was detected in Red Deer immediately after its first detection in cattle.
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wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis like lesions in spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba M Garrido, Isabel G Fernandezdemera, Ramon A Juste, Marta Barral, Christian GortázarAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting and not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex / tuberculosis-like lesions / Red Deer / Spain / wild boar
Joaquín Vicente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Increasing contact with hepatitis E virus in Red Deer, Spain.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Mariana Boadella, Maribel Casas, Marga Martín, Joaquín Vicente, Joaquim Segalés, José De La Fuente, Christian GortázarAbstract:To describe the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Red Deer in mainland Spain, we tested Red Deer for HEV RNA and antibodies. Overall, 10.4% and 13.6% of serum samples were positive by ELISA and reverse transcription–PCR, respectively. The increasing prevalence suggests a potential risk for humans.
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wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis like lesions in spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba M Garrido, Isabel G Fernandezdemera, Ramon A Juste, Marta Barral, Christian GortázarAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting and not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex / tuberculosis-like lesions / Red Deer / Spain / wild boar
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Wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis-like lesions in Spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba Garrido, Ramón Isabel G. Fernández-de-mera, Marta Juste, Christian BarralAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain.
Christian Barral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis-like lesions in Spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba Garrido, Ramón Isabel G. Fernández-de-mera, Marta Juste, Christian BarralAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain.
Ursula Hofle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis like lesions in spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba M Garrido, Isabel G Fernandezdemera, Ramon A Juste, Marta Barral, Christian GortázarAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting and not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex / tuberculosis-like lesions / Red Deer / Spain / wild boar
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Wild boar and Red Deer display high prevalences of tuberculosis-like lesions in Spain
Veterinary Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joaquín Vicente, Ursula Hofle, Joseba Garrido, Ramón Isabel G. Fernández-de-mera, Marta Juste, Christian BarralAbstract:We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n = 57) of Red Deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n = 8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in Red Deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and Red Deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in Red Deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with Red Deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In Red Deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and Red Deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain.
José Manuel Sánchez-vizcaíno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bluetongue Virus Serotypes 1 and 4 in Red Deer, Spain
Emerging infectious diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Belén Rodríguez-sánchez, Christian Gortázar, Francisco Ruiz-fons, José Manuel Sánchez-vizcaínoAbstract:We studied the potential of Red Deer as bluetongue maintenance hosts and sentinels. Deer maintained detectable bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 4 RNA for 1 year after the virus was cleaRed from livestock. However, the virus was not transmitted to yearlings. BTV serotype 1 RNA was detected in Red Deer immediately after its first detection in cattle.
