The Experts below are selected from a list of 30009 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeremy J Michalek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Regional Grid mix, driving patterns and climate on the comparative carbon footprint of gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles in the United States
Environmental Research Letters, 2016Co-Authors: Tugce Yuksel, In??s M L Azevedo, Mili Ann M. Tamayao, Chris Hendrickson, Ines L Azevedo, Jeremy J MichalekAbstract:We compare life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from several light-duty passenger gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) across US counties by accounting for Regional differences due to marginal Grid mix, ambient temperature, patterns of vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and driving conditions (city versus highway). We find that PEVs can have larger or smaller carbon footprints than gasoline vehicles, depending on these Regional factors and the specific vehicle models being compared. The Nissan Leaf battery electric vehicle has a smaller carbon footprint than the most efficient gasoline vehicle (the Toyota Prius) in the urban counties of California, Texas and Florida, whereas the Prius has a smaller carbon footprint in the Midwest and the South. The Leaf is lower emitting than the Mazda 3 conventional gasoline vehicle in most urban counties, but the Mazda 3 is lower emitting in rural Midwest counties. The Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid electric vehicle has a larger carbon footprint than the Prius throughout the continental US, though the Volt has a smaller carbon footprint than the Mazda 3 in many urban counties. Regional Grid mix, temperature, driving conditions, and vehicle model all have substantial implications for identifying which technology has the lowest carbon footprint, whereas Regional patterns of VMT have a much smaller effect. Given the variation in relative GHG implications, it is unlikely that blunt policy instruments that favor specific technology categories can ensure emission reductions universally.
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Effects of Regional Temperature on Electric Vehicle Efficiency, Range, and Emissions in the United States
Environmental science & technology, 2015Co-Authors: Tugce Yuksel, Jeremy J MichalekAbstract:We characterize the effect of Regional temperature differences on battery electric vehicle (BEV) efficiency, range, and use-phase power plant CO2 emissions in the U.S. The efficiency of a BEV varies with ambient temperature due to battery efficiency and cabin climate control. We find that annual energy consumption of BEVs can increase by an average of 15% in the Upper Midwest or in the Southwest compared to the Pacific Coast due to temperature differences. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from BEVs vary primarily with marginal Regional Grid mix, which has three times the GHG intensity in the Upper Midwest as on the Pacific Coast. However, even within a Grid region, BEV emissions vary by up to 22% due to spatial and temporal ambient temperature variation and its implications for vehicle efficiency and charging duration and timing. Cold climate regions also encounter days with substantial reduction in EV range: the average range of a Nissan Leaf on the coldest day of the year drops from 70 miles on the Pacifi...
Vijay Modi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing new transmission and energy storage in achieving increasing renewable generation targets in a Regional Grid
Applied Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Terence Conlon, Michael Waite, Vijay ModiAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates generation, transmission, and storage capacity needs to achieve deep renewable energy penetration in a Regional electricity Grid with an average load of approximately 20 GW. Increasing renewable energy targets are analyzed to evaluate the effects of realistic Regional transmission upgrade and energy storage cost assumptions on the cost-optimal mix of generation, transmission, and storage capacity. Contextual data is used for New York State’s Grid to examine how electricity generation from renewable energy resources (wind, water, and solar power) can meet between 50% and 80% of electricity demand. A central finding of the study is that when realistic transmission upgrade costs are assumed, new interzonal transmission and battery storage are not needed to cost effectively meet near-term renewable energy goals. In fact, New York can achieve 50% renewable energy penetration with only a buildout of new generation capacity: Onshore wind (13.7 GW), offshore wind (4.1 GW), and solar photovoltaics (3 GW). The presence of Grid-scale battery storage, electric vehicles, or additional behind-the-meter solar capacity does not markedly change the model-selected generation mix. To achieve the 50% target, we compute a $52/MWh levelized cost of electricity for new renewable energy, which is in line with current generation costs. As the renewable generation target increases beyond 50%, the model begins to select transmission upgrades and new storage capacity, the latter particularly if battery costs continue to decline as anticipated. At deeper targets, marginal generation capacity would otherwise experience high curtailment primarily due to supply–demand imbalances; we calculate the value of energy storage at a 65% renewable energy penetration level to be 2.5–3 times higher than its value at a 50% level. However, the additional storage and generation – and transmission, to a lesser degree – needed to achieve longer-term renewable energy goals lead to a substantial rise in total investment. Between 50% and 55% targets, the computed marginal levelized cost of electricity for new variable renewable energy is $94/MWh, compared to $592/MWh between 75% and 80%, suggesting alternative integration measures are likely necessary at such high penetration rates.
Tugce Yuksel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Regional Grid mix, driving patterns and climate on the comparative carbon footprint of gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles in the United States
Environmental Research Letters, 2016Co-Authors: Tugce Yuksel, In??s M L Azevedo, Mili Ann M. Tamayao, Chris Hendrickson, Ines L Azevedo, Jeremy J MichalekAbstract:We compare life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from several light-duty passenger gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) across US counties by accounting for Regional differences due to marginal Grid mix, ambient temperature, patterns of vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and driving conditions (city versus highway). We find that PEVs can have larger or smaller carbon footprints than gasoline vehicles, depending on these Regional factors and the specific vehicle models being compared. The Nissan Leaf battery electric vehicle has a smaller carbon footprint than the most efficient gasoline vehicle (the Toyota Prius) in the urban counties of California, Texas and Florida, whereas the Prius has a smaller carbon footprint in the Midwest and the South. The Leaf is lower emitting than the Mazda 3 conventional gasoline vehicle in most urban counties, but the Mazda 3 is lower emitting in rural Midwest counties. The Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid electric vehicle has a larger carbon footprint than the Prius throughout the continental US, though the Volt has a smaller carbon footprint than the Mazda 3 in many urban counties. Regional Grid mix, temperature, driving conditions, and vehicle model all have substantial implications for identifying which technology has the lowest carbon footprint, whereas Regional patterns of VMT have a much smaller effect. Given the variation in relative GHG implications, it is unlikely that blunt policy instruments that favor specific technology categories can ensure emission reductions universally.
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Effects of Regional Temperature on Electric Vehicle Efficiency, Range, and Emissions in the United States
Environmental science & technology, 2015Co-Authors: Tugce Yuksel, Jeremy J MichalekAbstract:We characterize the effect of Regional temperature differences on battery electric vehicle (BEV) efficiency, range, and use-phase power plant CO2 emissions in the U.S. The efficiency of a BEV varies with ambient temperature due to battery efficiency and cabin climate control. We find that annual energy consumption of BEVs can increase by an average of 15% in the Upper Midwest or in the Southwest compared to the Pacific Coast due to temperature differences. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from BEVs vary primarily with marginal Regional Grid mix, which has three times the GHG intensity in the Upper Midwest as on the Pacific Coast. However, even within a Grid region, BEV emissions vary by up to 22% due to spatial and temporal ambient temperature variation and its implications for vehicle efficiency and charging duration and timing. Cold climate regions also encounter days with substantial reduction in EV range: the average range of a Nissan Leaf on the coldest day of the year drops from 70 miles on the Pacifi...
Tang Xue-jun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research on energy-saving generation dispatching model in Regional Grid
Power System Protection and Control, 2009Co-Authors: Tang Xue-junAbstract:This paper proposes a novel energy-saving generation dispatching model in Regional Grid which can be used for daily generation scheduling. The first step is to find the unit commitment, and then the power of trans-provincial transaction is confirmed. Finally, the generated energy and generation curves are determined to every unit. The model is used to analyze the trans-provincial transaction in Regional Grid of Central China. It is found that the backflow of power and coal is occurred when energy-saving generation dispatching used designing coal consumption rate. For that the comprehensive coal consumption rate considering the coal loss in transmission and other aspects are adopted to range the units. Some problems and advises of energy-saving generation dispatching operational mechanism are given in the end of this paper.
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Research on energy-saving generation dispatching model in Regional Grid considering bidding mechanism
Power System Protection and Control, 2009Co-Authors: Tang Xue-junAbstract:This paper analyses the target function and constraints of energy-saving generation dispatching and bidding transaction in Regional Grid.And it is found that the two mechanisms have the same mathematical mode.Then an energy-saving generation dispatching model in Regional Grid considering bidding mechanism is proposed.After that the paper gives an algorithm to solve the model which is sequencing the units in each province following with trans-provincial alternative.Analysis and comparisons of coal cost,purchasing cost,as well as trans-provincial transaction are made on different mechanisms using the real data.The results reveal the positive signification of the proposed mode in energy saving and purchasing cost decreasing.
Terence Conlon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing new transmission and energy storage in achieving increasing renewable generation targets in a Regional Grid
Applied Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Terence Conlon, Michael Waite, Vijay ModiAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates generation, transmission, and storage capacity needs to achieve deep renewable energy penetration in a Regional electricity Grid with an average load of approximately 20 GW. Increasing renewable energy targets are analyzed to evaluate the effects of realistic Regional transmission upgrade and energy storage cost assumptions on the cost-optimal mix of generation, transmission, and storage capacity. Contextual data is used for New York State’s Grid to examine how electricity generation from renewable energy resources (wind, water, and solar power) can meet between 50% and 80% of electricity demand. A central finding of the study is that when realistic transmission upgrade costs are assumed, new interzonal transmission and battery storage are not needed to cost effectively meet near-term renewable energy goals. In fact, New York can achieve 50% renewable energy penetration with only a buildout of new generation capacity: Onshore wind (13.7 GW), offshore wind (4.1 GW), and solar photovoltaics (3 GW). The presence of Grid-scale battery storage, electric vehicles, or additional behind-the-meter solar capacity does not markedly change the model-selected generation mix. To achieve the 50% target, we compute a $52/MWh levelized cost of electricity for new renewable energy, which is in line with current generation costs. As the renewable generation target increases beyond 50%, the model begins to select transmission upgrades and new storage capacity, the latter particularly if battery costs continue to decline as anticipated. At deeper targets, marginal generation capacity would otherwise experience high curtailment primarily due to supply–demand imbalances; we calculate the value of energy storage at a 65% renewable energy penetration level to be 2.5–3 times higher than its value at a 50% level. However, the additional storage and generation – and transmission, to a lesser degree – needed to achieve longer-term renewable energy goals lead to a substantial rise in total investment. Between 50% and 55% targets, the computed marginal levelized cost of electricity for new variable renewable energy is $94/MWh, compared to $592/MWh between 75% and 80%, suggesting alternative integration measures are likely necessary at such high penetration rates.
