The Experts below are selected from a list of 261 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cristine Campos De Xavier Pinto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: A Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997–2005
Economics of Education Review, 2013Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:Abstract In Brazil, the mean of math test scores for students of the fourth grade declined by approximately 0.2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. However, the potential changes in the Distribution of scores have never been addressed. It is unclear if the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance levels at the upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. In an effort to address this issue, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999) . Our findings suggest that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not specific to a unique quantile of the Distribution. In addition, we find that changes in student composition, for the most part, explain the gap in the Distribution of test scores during the first biennium of analysis (1997–1999).
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: a Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997 to 2005
Research Papers in Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:To assess the quality of school education, much of educational research is concerned with comparisons of test scores means or medians. In this paper, we shift this focus and explore test scores data by addressing some often neglected questions. In the case of Brazil, the mean of test scores in Math for students of the fourth grade has declined approximately 0,2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. But what about changes in the Distribution of scores? It is unclear whether the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance in upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. To answer this question, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999). The advantage of this methodology is that it compares two Distributions of test scores data through a single Distribution and synthesizes all the differences between them. Moreover, it is possible to decompose the total difference between two Distributions in a level effect (changes in median) and shape effect (changes in shape of the Distribution). We find that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not only specific to any quantile of Distribution.
Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: A Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997–2005
Economics of Education Review, 2013Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:Abstract In Brazil, the mean of math test scores for students of the fourth grade declined by approximately 0.2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. However, the potential changes in the Distribution of scores have never been addressed. It is unclear if the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance levels at the upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. In an effort to address this issue, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999) . Our findings suggest that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not specific to a unique quantile of the Distribution. In addition, we find that changes in student composition, for the most part, explain the gap in the Distribution of test scores during the first biennium of analysis (1997–1999).
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: a Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997 to 2005
Research Papers in Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:To assess the quality of school education, much of educational research is concerned with comparisons of test scores means or medians. In this paper, we shift this focus and explore test scores data by addressing some often neglected questions. In the case of Brazil, the mean of test scores in Math for students of the fourth grade has declined approximately 0,2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. But what about changes in the Distribution of scores? It is unclear whether the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance in upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. To answer this question, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999). The advantage of this methodology is that it compares two Distributions of test scores data through a single Distribution and synthesizes all the differences between them. Moreover, it is possible to decompose the total difference between two Distributions in a level effect (changes in median) and shape effect (changes in shape of the Distribution). We find that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not only specific to any quantile of Distribution.
Martina Morris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relative Distribution Methods in the Social Sciences
1999Co-Authors: Mark S. Handcock, Martina MorrisAbstract:and Motivation.- The Relative Distribution.- Location, Scale and Shape Decomposition.- Application: White Men's Earnings 1967-1997.- Summary Measures.- Application: Earnings by Race and Sex: 1967-1997.- Adjustment for Covariates.- Application: Comparing Wage Mobility in Two Eras.- Inference for the Relative Distribution.- Inference for Summary Measures.- The Relative Distribution for Discrete Data.- Application: Changes in the Distribution of Hours Worked.- Quantile Regression.
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Relative Distribution Methods
Sociological Methodology, 1998Co-Authors: Mark S. Handcock, Martina MorrisAbstract:We present an outline of Relative Distribution methods, with an application to recent changes in the U.S. wage Distribution. Relative Distribution methods are a nonparametric statistical framework ...
Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: A Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997–2005
Economics of Education Review, 2013Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:Abstract In Brazil, the mean of math test scores for students of the fourth grade declined by approximately 0.2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. However, the potential changes in the Distribution of scores have never been addressed. It is unclear if the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance levels at the upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. In an effort to address this issue, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999) . Our findings suggest that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not specific to a unique quantile of the Distribution. In addition, we find that changes in student composition, for the most part, explain the gap in the Distribution of test scores during the first biennium of analysis (1997–1999).
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Changes in test scores Distribution for students of the fourth grade in Brazil: a Relative Distribution analysis for the years 1997 to 2005
Research Papers in Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Clarissa Guimarães Rodrigues, Eduardo Luiz Gonçalves Rios-neto, Cristine Campos De Xavier PintoAbstract:To assess the quality of school education, much of educational research is concerned with comparisons of test scores means or medians. In this paper, we shift this focus and explore test scores data by addressing some often neglected questions. In the case of Brazil, the mean of test scores in Math for students of the fourth grade has declined approximately 0,2 standard deviation in the late 1990s. But what about changes in the Distribution of scores? It is unclear whether the decline was caused by deterioration in student performance in upper and/or lower tails of the Distribution. To answer this question, we propose the use of the Relative Distribution method developed by Handcock and Morris (1999). The advantage of this methodology is that it compares two Distributions of test scores data through a single Distribution and synthesizes all the differences between them. Moreover, it is possible to decompose the total difference between two Distributions in a level effect (changes in median) and shape effect (changes in shape of the Distribution). We find that the decline of average-test scores is mainly caused by a worsening in the position of all students throughout the Distribution of scores and is not only specific to any quantile of Distribution.
Mathieu Denoël - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Newt decline in Western Europe: highlights from Relative Distribution changes within guilds
Biodiversity and Conservation, 2012Co-Authors: Mathieu DenoëlAbstract:The recent increase in the number of monitoring schemes has formed the basis for high quality Distribution atlases. This provides the opportunity of estimating global and specific decline patterns across regional and national borders. In this framework, this study focused on four sympatric newt species—including the great crested newt ( Triturus cristatus ), an Annex 2 European Habitats Directive species, over six geographic areas (five countries) in Western Europe. A Relative comparison of Distribution maps across time is used here and is based on more than twelve thousands occupied grid cells. It benefits from the definition of a guild, as these species are simultaneously detectable in wetlands. T. cristatus and the alpine newt ( Mesotriton alpestris ) were the most and the least threatened newt species, respectively, whereas the palmate ( Lissotriton helveticus ) and smooth newt ( Lissotriton vulgaris ) had an intermediate decline level at both coarse and fine grain resolutions. However, regional variations across Europe and scale effects were also found. On one hand, these results show that T. cristatus is not only regionally threatened but suffers from a global decline in Western Europe. On another hand, the results indicate that patterns of decline are not uniform within Europe and that species often considered as common and not threatened are, in fact, declining more than others. Finally, the proposed methodology, i.e. using guilds to assess Relative decline, would be useful as a complement to other standardized methods in correctly advising conservation managers and policy makers, particularly for species with more subtle declines.
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Newt decline in Western Europe: highlights from Relative Distribution changes within guilds
Biodiversity and Conservation, 2012Co-Authors: Mathieu DenoëlAbstract:The recent increase in the number of monitoring schemes has formed the basis for high quality Distribution atlases. This provides the opportunity of estimating global and specific decline patterns across regional and national borders. In this framework, this study focused on four sympatric newt species—including the great crested newt ( Triturus cristatus ), an Annex 2 European Habitats Directive species, over six geographic areas (five countries) in Western Europe. A Relative comparison of Distribution maps across time is used here and is based on more than twelve thousands occupied grid cells. It benefits from the definition of a guild, as these species are simultaneously detectable in wetlands. T. cristatus and the alpine newt ( Mesotriton alpestris ) were the most and the least threatened newt species, respectively, whereas the palmate ( Lissotriton helveticus ) and smooth newt ( Lissotriton vulgaris ) had an intermediate decline level at both coarse and fine grain resolutions. However, regional variations across Europe and scale effects were also found. On one hand, these results show that T. cristatus is not only regionally threatened but suffers from a global decline in Western Europe. On another hand, the results indicate that patterns of decline are not uniform within Europe and that species often considered as common and not threatened are, in fact, declining more than others. Finally, the proposed methodology, i.e. using guilds to assess Relative decline, would be useful as a complement to other standardized methods in correctly advising conservation managers and policy makers, particularly for species with more subtle declines.
